/*
 * Copyright 2002-2007 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.springframework.web.struts;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet;
import org.apache.struts.action.PlugIn;
import org.apache.struts.config.ModuleConfig;

import org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils;
import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanFactoryPostProcessor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.ConfigurableListableBeanFactory;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextException;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.util.ClassUtils;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.web.context.ConfigurableWebApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.context.support.WebApplicationContextUtils;
import org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext;

/**
 * Struts 1.1+ PlugIn that loads a Spring application context for the Struts
 * ActionServlet. This context will automatically refer to the root
 * WebApplicationContext (loaded by ContextLoaderListener/Servlet) as parent.
 *
 * <p>The default namespace of the WebApplicationContext is the name of the
 * Struts ActionServlet, suffixed with "-servlet" (e.g. "action-servlet").
 * The default location of the XmlWebApplicationContext configuration file
 * is therefore "/WEB-INF/action-servlet.xml".
 *
 * <pre>
 * &lt;plug-in className="org.springframework.web.struts.ContextLoaderPlugIn"/&gt;</pre>
 *
 * The location of the context configuration files can be customized
 * through the "contextConfigLocation" setting, analogous to the root
 * WebApplicationContext and FrameworkServlet contexts.
 *
 * <pre>
 * &lt;plug-in className="org.springframework.web.struts.ContextLoaderPlugIn"&gt;
 *   &lt;set-property property="contextConfigLocation" value="/WEB-INF/action-servlet.xml /WEB-INF/myContext.xml"/&gt;
 * &lt;/plug-in&gt;</pre>
 *
 * Beans defined in the ContextLoaderPlugIn context can be accessed
 * from conventional Struts Actions, via fetching the WebApplicationContext
 * reference from the ServletContext. ActionSupport and DispatchActionSupport
 * are pre-built convenience classes that provide easy access to the context.
 *
 * <p>It is normally preferable to access Spring's root WebApplicationContext
 * in such scenarios, though: A shared middle tier should be defined there
 * rather than in a ContextLoaderPlugin context, for access by any web component.
 * ActionSupport and DispatchActionSupport autodetect the root context too.
 *
 * <p>A special usage of this PlugIn is to define Struts Actions themselves
 * as beans, typically wiring them with middle tier components defined in the
 * root context. Such Actions will then be delegated to by proxy definitions
 * in the Struts configuration, using the DelegatingActionProxy class or
 * the DelegatingRequestProcessor.
 *
 * <p>Note that you can use a single ContextLoaderPlugIn for all Struts modules.
 * That context can in turn be loaded from multiple XML files, for example split
 * according to Struts modules. Alternatively, define one ContextLoaderPlugIn per
 * Struts module, specifying appropriate "contextConfigLocation" parameters.
 *
 * <p>Note: The idea of delegating to Spring-managed Struts Actions originated in
 * Don Brown's <a href="http://struts.sourceforge.net/struts-spring">Spring Struts Plugin</a>.
 * ContextLoaderPlugIn and DelegatingActionProxy constitute a clean-room
 * implementation of the same idea, essentially superseding the original plugin.
 * Many thanks to Don Brown and Matt Raible for the original work and for the
 * agreement to reimplement the idea in Spring proper!
 *
 * @author Juergen Hoeller
 * @since 1.0.1
 * @see #SERVLET_CONTEXT_PREFIX
 * @see ActionSupport
 * @see DispatchActionSupport
 * @see DelegatingActionProxy
 * @see DelegatingRequestProcessor
 * @see DelegatingTilesRequestProcessor
 * @see org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
 * @see org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderServlet
 * @see org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet
 */
public class ContextLoaderPlugIn implements PlugIn {

	/**
	 * Suffix for WebApplicationContext namespaces. If a Struts ActionServlet is
	 * given the name "action" in a context, the namespace used by this PlugIn will
	 * resolve to "action-servlet".
	 */
	public static final String DEFAULT_NAMESPACE_SUFFIX = "-servlet";

	/**
	 * Default context class for ContextLoaderPlugIn.
	 * @see org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext
	 */
	public static final Class DEFAULT_CONTEXT_CLASS = XmlWebApplicationContext.class;

	/**
	 * Prefix for the ServletContext attribute for the WebApplicationContext.
	 * The completion is the Struts module name.
	 */
	public static final String SERVLET_CONTEXT_PREFIX = ContextLoaderPlugIn.class.getName() + ".CONTEXT.";


	protected final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(getClass());

	/** Custom WebApplicationContext class */
	private Class contextClass = DEFAULT_CONTEXT_CLASS;

	/** Namespace for this servlet */
	private String namespace;

	/** Explicit context config location */
	private String contextConfigLocation;

	/** The Struts ActionServlet that this PlugIn is registered with */
	private ActionServlet actionServlet;

	/** The Struts ModuleConfig that this PlugIn is registered with */
	private ModuleConfig moduleConfig;

	/** WebApplicationContext for the ActionServlet */
	private WebApplicationContext webApplicationContext;


	/**
	 * Set a custom context class by name. This class must be of type WebApplicationContext,
	 * when using the default ContextLoaderPlugIn implementation, the context class
	 * must also implement ConfigurableWebApplicationContext.
	 * @see #createWebApplicationContext
	 */
	public void setContextClassName(String contextClassName) throws ClassNotFoundException {
		this.contextClass = ClassUtils.forName(contextClassName);
	}

	/**
	 * Set a custom context class. This class must be of type WebApplicationContext,
	 * when using the default ContextLoaderPlugIn implementation, the context class
	 * must also implement ConfigurableWebApplicationContext.
	 * @see #createWebApplicationContext
	 */
	public void setContextClass(Class contextClass) {
		this.contextClass = contextClass;
	}

	/**
	 * Return the custom context class.
	 */
	public Class getContextClass() {
		return this.contextClass;
	}

	/**
	 * Set a custom namespace for the ActionServlet,
	 * to be used for building a default context config location.
	 */
	public void setNamespace(String namespace) {
		this.namespace = namespace;
	}

	/**
	 * Return the namespace for the ActionServlet, falling back to default scheme if
	 * no custom namespace was set: e.g. "test-servlet" for a servlet named "test".
	 */
	public String getNamespace() {
		if (this.namespace != null) {
			return this.namespace;
		}
		if (this.actionServlet != null) {
			return this.actionServlet.getServletName() + DEFAULT_NAMESPACE_SUFFIX;
		}
		return null;
	}

	/**
	 * Set the context config location explicitly, instead of relying on the default
	 * location built from the namespace. This location string can consist of
	 * multiple locations separated by any number of commas and spaces.