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# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/SRule Iceland 1908 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 SRule Iceland 1917 1918 - Feb 19 23:00 1:00 DRule Iceland 1917 only - Oct 21 1:00 0 SRule Iceland 1918 only - Nov 16 1:00 0 SRule Iceland 1939 only - Apr 29 23:00 1:00 DRule Iceland 1939 only - Nov 29 2:00 0 SRule Iceland 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00 1:00 DRule Iceland 1940 only - Nov 3 2:00 0 SRule Iceland 1941 only - Mar 2 1:00s 1:00 DRule Iceland 1941 only - Nov 2 1:00s 0 SRule Iceland 1942 only - Mar 8 1:00s 1:00 DRule Iceland 1942 only - Oct 25 1:00s 0 S# 1943-1946 - first Sunday in March until first Sunday in winterRule Iceland 1943 1946 - Mar Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 DRule Iceland 1943 1948 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00s 0 S# 1947-1967 - first Sunday in April until first Sunday in winterRule Iceland 1947 1967 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 D# 1949 Oct transition delayed by 1 weekRule Iceland 1949 only - Oct 30 1:00s 0 SRule Iceland 1950 1966 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00s 0 SRule Iceland 1967 only - Oct 29 1:00s 0 S# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]Zone Atlantic/Reykjavik -1:27:24 - LMT 1837 -1:28 - RMT 1908 # Reykjavik Mean Time -1:00 Iceland I%sT 1968 Apr 7 1:00s 0:00 - GMT# Italy# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/SRule Italy 1893 only - Nov 1 0:00s 0 S# Shanks gives transition times of 1916-1920 as 24:00; go with Whitman.Rule Italy 1916 only - Jun 3 0:00s 1:00 " DST"Rule Italy 1916 only - Sep 30 0:00s 0 -Rule Italy 1917 only - Mar 31 0:00s 1:00 " DST"Rule Italy 1917 only - Sep 30 0:00s 0 -Rule Italy 1918 only - Mar 9 0:00s 1:00 " DST"Rule Italy 1918 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00s 0 -Rule Italy 1919 only - Mar 1 0:00s 1:00 " DST"Rule Italy 1920 only - Mar 20 0:00s 1:00 " DST"# Shanks gives 1920 Sep 18; go with Whitman.Rule Italy 1920 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 -Rule Italy 1940 only - Jun 15 0:00 1:00 " DST"Rule Italy 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 " DST"Rule Italy 1945 only - Sep 17 0:00 0 -Rule Italy 1946 only - Mar 17 2:00s 1:00 " DST"Rule Italy 1946 only - Oct 6 2:00s 0 -Rule Italy 1947 only - Mar 16 0:00s 1:00 " DST"Rule Italy 1947 only - Oct 5 0:00s 0 -Rule Italy 1948 only - Feb 29 2:00s 1:00 " DST"Rule Italy 1948 only - Oct 3 2:00s 0 -Rule Italy 1966 1968 - May Sun>=22 0:00 1:00 " DST"Rule Italy 1966 1969 - Sep Sun>=22 0:00 0 -Rule Italy 1969 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 " DST"Rule Italy 1970 only - May 31 0:00 1:00 " DST"Rule Italy 1970 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -Rule Italy 1971 1972 - May Sun>=22 0:00 1:00 " DST"Rule Italy 1971 only - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 -Rule Italy 1972 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -Rule Italy 1973 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 " DST"Rule Italy 1973 1974 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -Rule Italy 1974 only - May 26 0:00 1:00 " DST"Rule Italy 1975 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 " DST"Rule Italy 1975 1977 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 -Rule Italy 1976 only - May 30 0:00s 1:00 " DST"Rule Italy 1977 1979 - May Sun>=22 0:00s 1:00 " DST"Rule Italy 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 -Rule Italy 1979 only - Sep 30 0:00s 0 -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]Zone Europe/Rome 0:49:56 - LMT 1866 Sep 22 0:50 - RMT 1893 Nov # Rome Mean Time 1:00 Italy MET%s 1942 Nov 2 2:00s 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 Italy MET%s 1980 Apr 6 2:00 1:00 M-Eur MET%s# Vatican is identical to Europe/Rome; San Marino is like Europe/Rome.# Latvia# They switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 1918 Feb 15.Zone Europe/Riga 1:36:24 - LMT 1880 1:36 - LST 1918 Apr 15 2:00 1:36 M-Eur LST%s 1919 Apr 1 2:00 1:36 1:00 "LST DST" 1919 May 22 3:00 1:36 - LST 1926 May 11 2:00 - EET 1940 Aug 5 3:00 - MSK 1941 Jul 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1944 Aug 8 3:00 Russia MS%s 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 1:00 "EET DST" 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 2:00 M-Eur EET%s# Liechtenstein# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]Zone Europe/Vaduz 0:38:04 - LMT 1894 Jun 1:00 - MET 1981 Mar 29 2:00 1:00 M-Eur MET%s# Lithuania# They switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 1918 Feb 15.# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]Zone Europe/Vilnius 1:41:16 - LMT 1880 1:24 - LST 1917 # Kaunas 1:36 - LST 1919 Oct 10 1:00 - MET 1920 Jul 12 2:00 - EET 1920 Oct 9 1:00 - MET 1940 Aug 3 3:00 - MSK 1941 Jun 24 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1944 Aug 3:00 Russia MS%s 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 1:00 "EET DST" 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 2:00 M-Eur EET%s# Luxembourg# Whitman disagrees with most of these dates in minor ways; go with Shanks.# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/SRule Lux 1904 only - Jun 1 0:00 0 -Rule Lux 1916 only - May 14 23:00 1:00 " DST"Rule Lux 1916 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 -Rule Lux 1917 only - Apr 28 23:00 1:00 " DST"Rule Lux 1917 only - Sep 17 1:00 0 -Rule Lux 1918 only - Apr Mon>=15 2:00s 1:00 " DST"Rule Lux 1918 only - Sep Mon>=15 2:00s 0 -Rule Lux 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00 1:00 " DST"Rule Lux 1919 only - Oct 5 3:00 0 -Rule Lux 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00 1:00 " DST"Rule Lux 1920 only - Oct 24 2:00 0 -Rule Lux 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00 1:00 " DST"Rule Lux 1921 only - Oct 26 2:00 0 -Rule Lux 1922 only - Mar 25 23:00 1:00 " DST"Rule Lux 1922 only - Oct Sun>=2 1:00 0 -Rule Lux 1923 only - Apr 21 23:00 1:00 " DST"Rule Lux 1923 only - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 -Rule Lux 1924 only - Mar 29 23:00 1:00 " DST"Rule Lux 1924 1928 - Oct Sun>=2 1:00 0 -Rule Lux 1925 only - Apr 5 23:00 1:00 " DST"Rule Lux 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00 1:00 " DST"Rule Lux 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00 1:00 " DST"Rule Lux 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00 1:00 " DST"Rule Lux 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00 1:00 " DST"# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]Zone Europe/Luxembourg 0:24:36 - LMT 1904 Jun 1:00 Lux MET%s 1918 Nov 25 0:00 Lux WET%s 1929 Oct 6 2:00s 0:00 Belgium WET%s 1940 May 14 3:00 1:00 M-Eur WET%s 1944 Sep 18 3:00 1:00 Belgium MET%s 1979 Apr 1 2:00 1:00 M-Eur MET%s# Macedonia# They switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 1918 Mar 18.# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]Zone Europe/Skopje 1:25:44 - LMT 1884 1:00 - MET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 May 8 2:00s 1:00 1:00 "MET DST" 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 1:00 - MET 1983 Mar 27 2:00s 1:00 M-Eur MET%s# Malta# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/SRule Malta 1973 only - Mar 31 0:00s 1:00 " DST"Rule Malta 1973 only - Sep 29 0:00s 0 -Rule Malta 1974 only - Apr 21 0:00s 1:00 " DST"Rule Malta 1974 only - Sep 16 0:00s 0 -Rule Malta 1975 1979 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 " DST"Rule Malta 1975 1980 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 0 -Rule Malta 1980 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 " DST"# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]Zone Europe/Malta 0:58:04 - LMT 1893 Nov 2 # Valletta 1:00 Italy MET%s 1942 Nov 2 2:00s 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 Italy MET%s 1973 Mar 31 1:00 Malta MET%s 1981 Mar 29 2:00s 1:00 M-Eur MET%s# Moldova# They switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 1919 Mar 18.# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]Zone Europe/Chisinau 1:55:20 - LMT 1924 May 2 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 3:00 Russia MS%s 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 1:00 "EET DST" 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 2:00 M-Eur EET%s# Monaco# Shanks gives 0:09 for Paris Mean Time; go with Whitman's more precise 0:09:05.# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]Zone Europe/Monaco 0:29:32 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:09:05 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 0:00 France WET%s 1945 Sep 16 3:00 1:00 France MET%s 1977 Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 M-Eur MET%s# Netherlands# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/SRule Neth 1892 only - May 1 0:00 0 AMT# Shanks gives 1916 May 1 0:00 and 1916 Oct 1 0:00; go with Whitman.Rule Neth 1916 only - May 1 2:00s 1:00 NSTRule Neth 1916 only - Oct 2 2:00s 0 AMTRule Neth 1917 only - Apr 16 2:00s 1:00 NSTRule Neth 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00s 0 AMT# Whitman gives 1918 Apr 14, 1918 Oct 31, and 1921 Sep 28; go with Shanks.Rule Neth 1918 1921 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00s 1:00 NSTRule Neth 1918 1921 - Sep Mon>=24 2:00s 0 AMTRule Neth 1922 only - Mar 26 2:00s 1:00 NST# Whitman gives 1939 Oct 1; go with Shanks.Rule Neth 1922 1939 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 AMTRule Neth 1923 only - Jun 1 2:00s 1:00 NSTRule Neth 1924 only - Mar 30 2:00s 1:00 NST# Whitman gives 1925 Apr 5; go with Shanks.Rule Neth 1925 only - Jun 5 2:00s 1:00 NST# For 1926 through 1930 Whitman gives Apr 15; go with Shanks.Rule Neth 1926 1931 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 NSTRule Neth 1932 only - May 22 2:00s 1:00 NSTRule Neth 1933 1936 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 NSTRule Neth 1937 only - May 22 2:00s 1:00 NST# Whitman gives 1939 Apr 15 and 1940 Apr 19; go with Shanks.Rule Neth 1938 1939 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 NSTRule Neth 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 -Rule Neth 1945 only - May 20 2:00s 0 " DST"# Before 1937, Shanks says just `0:20'; we use Whitman's more precise figure.# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]Zone Europe/Amsterdam 0:19:28 - LMT 1892 May 0:19:28 Neth %s 1937 Jul 0:20 Neth %s 1940 May 16 0:40 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 Apr 2 2:00 1:00 Neth MET%s 1977 Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 M-Eur MET%s# Norway# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/SRule Norway 1892 only - May 1 0:00 0 -# Whitman gives 1916 May 21 - 1916 Oct 21; go with Shanks.Rule Norway 1916 only - May 22 1:00 1:00 " DST"Rule Norway 1916 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 -# Shanks omits the following transition; go with Whitman.Rule Norway 1935 only - Aug 11 0:00 1:00 " DST"# Whitman says DST observed until 1942 Nov 1, then 1943 Mar 29 - Oct 4,# 1944 Apr 3 - Oct 2, and 1945 Apr 1 - Oct 1; go with Shanks after 1940.Rule Norway 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 " DST"Rule Norway 1945 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 -Rule Norway 1959 1964 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 " DST"Rule Norway 1959 1965 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00s 0 -Rule Norway 1965 only - Apr 25 2:00s 1:00 " DST"# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]Zone Europe/Oslo 0:43:00 - LMT 1895 1:00 Norway MET%s 1940 Aug 10 23:00 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 Apr 2 2:00 1:00 Norway MET%s 1980 Apr 6 2:00 1:00 M-Eur MET%s# Svalbard is like Europe/Oslo.## From Whitman:# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]Zone Atlantic/Jan_Mayen -1:00 - EGT# Poland# Austrian and German Poland switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar# on 1582 Oct 15. Russian Poland switched on 1918 Jan 14.# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/SRule Poland 1918 1919 - Sep 16 2:00s 0 -Rule Poland 1919 only - Apr 15 2:00s 1:00 " DST"# Whitman gives 1944 Nov 30; go with Shanks.Rule Poland 1944 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 -# For 1944-1948 Whitman gives the previous day; go with Shanks.Rule Poland 1945 only - Apr 29 0:00 1:00 " DST"Rule Poland 1945 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 -Rule Poland 1946 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 " DST"Rule Poland 1946 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 -Rule Poland 1947 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 " DST"Rule Poland 1947 1948 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 -Rule Poland 1948 only - Apr 18 0:00 1:00 " DST"# Whitman also gives 1949 Apr 9 - 1949 Oct 1; go with Shanks.Rule Poland 1957 only - Jun 2 1:00s 1:00 " DST"Rule Poland 1957 1958 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 -Rule Poland 1958 only - Mar 30 1:00s 1:00 " DST"Rule Poland 1959 only - May 31 1:00s 1:00 " DST"Rule Poland 1959 1961 - Oct Sun>=1 1:00s 0 -Rule Poland 1960 only - Apr 3 1:00s 1:00 " DST"Rule Poland 1961 1964 - May Sun>=25 1:00s 1:00 " DST"Rule Poland 1962 1964 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]Zone Europe/Warsaw 1:24:00 - LMT 1880 1:24 - WMT 1915 Aug 5 # Warsaw Mean Time 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1918 Sep 16 3:00 2:00 Poland EET%s 1922 Jun 1:00 Poland MET%s 1940 Jun 23 2:00 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1944 Oct 1:00 Poland MET%s 1977 Apr 3 1:00 1:00 W-Eur MET%s# Portugal# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/SRule Port 1911 only - May 24 0:00 0 -Rule Port 1916 only - Jun 17 23:00 1:00 " DST"# Whitman gives 1916 Oct 31; go with Shanks.Rule Port 1916 only - Nov 1 1:00 0 -Rule Port 1917 only - Feb 28 23:00s 1:00 " DST"Rule Port 1917 1921 - Oct 14 23:00s 0 -Rule Port 1918 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 " DST"Rule Port 1919 only - Feb 28 23:00s 1:00 " DST"Rule Port 1920 only - Feb 29 23:00s 1:00 " DST"Rule Port 1921 only - Feb 28 23:00s 1:00 " DST"Rule Port 1924 only - Apr 16 23:00s 1:00 " DST"Rule Port 1924 only - Oct ?? 快捷鍵說明
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