?? vlan11.htm
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<body lang=ZH-CN link=blue vlink=purple style='tab-interval:21.0pt;text-justify-trim:
punctuation'>
<div class=Section1 style='layout-grid:15.6pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>傳統(tǒng)型路由器存在的意義</span></b><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:14.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:red'>路由器的必要性</span></b><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;
color:red'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=left style='text-align:left;mso-pagination:widow-orphan'><span
style='font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>三層交換機(jī)的價(jià)格，在問(wèn)世之<span class=GramE>初非常</span>昂貴，但是現(xiàn)在<span
style='color:blue'>它們的價(jià)格已經(jīng)下降了許多</span>。目前國(guó)外一些廉價(jià)機(jī)型的售價(jià)，折合成人民幣后僅為一萬(wàn)多元，而且還在繼續(xù)下降中。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=left style='text-align:left;mso-pagination:widow-orphan'><span
style='font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";color:red'>既然三層交換機(jī)能夠提供比傳統(tǒng)型路由器更為高速的路由處理，那么網(wǎng)絡(luò)中還有使用路由器的必要嗎</span><span
style='font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>？</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=left style='text-align:left;mso-pagination:widow-orphan'><span
style='font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>答案是：“<span style='color:blue'>是</span>”。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=left style='text-align:left;mso-pagination:widow-orphan'><span
lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=left style='text-align:left;mso-pagination:widow-orphan'><span
style='font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>使用路由器的必要性，主要表現(xiàn)在以下幾個(gè)方面：</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=left style='margin-left:21.0pt;text-align:left;
text-indent:-21.0pt;mso-pagination:widow-orphan;mso-list:l3 level1 lfo11;
tab-stops:list 21.0pt'><![if !supportLists]><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
Wingdings;mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;
color:blue'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>l<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style='font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:blue'>用于與</span><span
lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>WAN</span><span style='font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:blue'>連接</span><span
lang=EN-US style='color:blue'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=left style='text-align:left;mso-pagination:widow-orphan'><span
style='font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>三層交換機(jī)終究是“交換機(jī)”。也就是說(shuō)，絕大多數(shù)機(jī)型<span style='color:red'>只配有</span></span><span
lang=EN-US style='color:red'>LAN</span><span style='font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:red'>（以太網(wǎng)）接口</span><span
style='font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>。在少數(shù)高端交換機(jī)上也有用于連接</span><span lang=EN-US>WAN</span><span
style='font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>的串行接口或是</span><span lang=EN-US>ATM</span><span
style='font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>接口，但在大多數(shù)情況下，連接</span><span lang=EN-US>WAN</span><span
style='font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>還是需要用到路由器。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=left style='margin-left:21.0pt;text-align:left;
text-indent:-21.0pt;mso-pagination:widow-orphan;mso-list:l3 level1 lfo11;
tab-stops:list 21.0pt'><![if !supportLists]><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
Wingdings;mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;
color:blue'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>l<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style='font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:blue'>保證網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全</span><span
lang=EN-US style='color:blue'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=left style='text-align:left;mso-pagination:widow-orphan'><span
style='font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>在三層交換機(jī)上，通過(guò)數(shù)據(jù)包過(guò)濾也能確保一定程度的網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全。但是使用路由器所提供的各種網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全功能，用戶可以構(gòu)建更為安全可靠的網(wǎng)絡(luò)。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=left style='text-align:left;mso-pagination:widow-orphan'><span
style='font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>路由器提供的網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全功能中，除了最基本的數(shù)據(jù)包過(guò)濾功能外，還能基于</span><span class=SpellE><span
lang=EN-US>IPSec</span></span><span style='font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>構(gòu)建</span><span
lang=EN-US>VPN</span><span style='font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>（</span><span lang=EN-US>Virtual
Private Network</span><span style='font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>）、利用</span><span lang=EN-US>RADIUS</span><span
style='font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>進(jìn)行用戶認(rèn)證等等。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=left style='margin-left:21.0pt;text-align:left;
text-indent:-21.0pt;mso-pagination:widow-orphan;mso-list:l3 level1 lfo11;
tab-stops:list 21.0pt'><![if !supportLists]><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
Wingdings;mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;
color:blue'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>l<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style='font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:blue'>支持除</span><span
lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>TCP/IP</span><span style='font-family:宋體;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
color:blue'>以外的網(wǎng)絡(luò)架構(gòu)</span><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=left style='text-align:left;mso-pagination:widow-orphan'><span
style='font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>盡管</span><span lang=EN-US>TCP/IP</span><span
style='font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>已經(jīng)成為當(dāng)前網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議架構(gòu)的主流，但還有不少網(wǎng)絡(luò)利用</span><span lang=EN-US>Novell
Netware</span><span style='font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>下的</span><span lang=EN-US>IPX/SPX</span><span
style='font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>或</span><span lang=EN-US>Macintosh</span><span
style='font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>下的</span><span class=SpellE><span lang=EN-US>Appletalk</span></span><span
style='font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>等網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議。三層交換機(jī)中，除了部分高端機(jī)型外基本上還只支持</span><span lang=EN-US>TCP/IP</span><span
style='font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>。因此，<span style='color:blue'>在需要使用除</span></span><span
lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>TCP/IP</span><span style='font-family:宋體;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
color:blue'>之外其他網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議的環(huán)境下，路由器還是必不可少的</span><span style='font-family:宋體;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=left style='text-align:left;mso-pagination:widow-orphan'><span
lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=left style='text-align:left;mso-pagination:widow-orphan'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:red'>注：在少數(shù)高端交換機(jī)上，也能支持上述路由器的功能。例如</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:9.0pt;color:red'>Cisco</span><span
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