// JMFCapture.java// Andrew Davison, May 2005, ad@fivedots.coe.psu.ac.th/* The specified capture device is assigned a JMF player.   For the assignment to work, the device should already be   registered with JMF via its JMF Registry application.   The user takes a snap by calling grabImage(), which   returns the image as a BufferedImage object with dimensions    size * size. */import java.awt.*;import java.awt.image.*;import java.io.*;import java.util.*;import java.awt.event.*;import javax.media.*;import javax.media.control.*;import javax.media.format.*;import javax.media.util.*;public class JMFCapture implements ControllerListener{  // I obtained this information from JMF Registry, under its capture devices tab  private static final String CAP_DEVICE = "vfw:Microsoft WDM Image Capture (Win32):0";       // common name in WinXP  // private static final String CAP_DEVICE = "vfw:Microsoft WDM Image Capture:0";       // common name in Win98  // private static final String CAP_DEVICE = "vfw:Logitech USB Video Camera:0";  private static final String CAP_LOCATOR = "vfw://0";  // used while waiting for the BufferToImage object to be initialized  private static final int MAX_TRIES = 7;  private static final int TRY_PERIOD = 1000;   // ms  private int size;       // x/y- dimensions of final BufferedImage  private double scaleFactor;  // snap --> final image scaling  private Player p;  private FrameGrabbingControl fg;  private BufferToImage bufferToImage = null;  private boolean closedDevice;  // used for waiting until the player has started  private Object waitSync = new Object();  private boolean stateTransitionOK = true;  public JMFCapture(int sz)  {    size = sz;    closedDevice = true;   // since device is not available yet    // link player to capture device    try {      MediaLocator ml = findMedia(CAP_DEVICE);      // MediaLocator ml = new MediaLocator(CAP_LOCATOR);	  p = Manager.createRealizedPlayer(ml);      System.out.println("Created player");    }    catch (Exception e) {      System.out.println("Failed to create player");      System.exit(0);    }    p.addControllerListener(this);    // create the frame grabber    fg =  (FrameGrabbingControl) p.getControl(                            "javax.media.control.FrameGrabbingControl");    if (fg == null) {      System.out.println("Frame grabber could not be created");      System.exit(0);    }    // wait until the player has started    System.out.println("Starting the player...");    p.start();    if (!waitForStart()) {      System.err.println("Failed to start the player.");      System.exit(0);    }    waitForBufferToImage();  }  // end of JMFCapture()  private MediaLocator findMedia(String requireDeviceName)  // return a media locator for the specified capture device  {    Vector devices = CaptureDeviceManager.getDeviceList(null);    if (devices == null) {      System.out.println("Devices list is null");      System.exit(0);    }    if (devices.size() == 0) {      System.out.println("No devices found");      System.exit(0);    }    for (int i = 0; i < devices.size(); i++) {      CaptureDeviceInfo devInfo =             (CaptureDeviceInfo) devices.elementAt(i);      String devName = devInfo.getName();      if (devName.equals(requireDeviceName)) {   // found device        System.out.println("Found device: " + requireDeviceName);        return devInfo.getLocator();   // this method may not work      }    }    System.out.println("Device " + requireDeviceName + " not found");    System.out.println("Using default media locator: " + CAP_LOCATOR);    return new MediaLocator(CAP_LOCATOR);  }  // end of findMedia()  private boolean waitForStart()  // wait for the player to enter its Started state  { synchronized (waitSync) {      try {        while (p.getState() != Controller.Started && stateTransitionOK)          waitSync.wait();      }      catch (Exception e) {}    }    return stateTransitionOK;  } // end of waitForStart()  private void waitForBufferToImage()  /* Wait for the BufferToImage object to be initialized.     May take several seconds to initialize this object,      so this method makes up to MAX_TRIES attempts.  */  {    int tryCount = MAX_TRIES;    System.out.println("Initializing BufferToImage...");    while (tryCount > 0) {      if (hasBufferToImage())   // initialization succeeded        break;      try {   // initialization failed so wait a while and try again        System.out.println("Waiting...");		Thread.sleep(TRY_PERIOD);      }      catch (InterruptedException e)      {  System.out.println(e);  }      tryCount--;    }    if (tryCount == 0) {      System.out.println("Giving Up");      System.exit(0);    }    closedDevice = false;   // device now available  }  // end of waitForBufferToImage()  private boolean hasBufferToImage()  /*  The BufferToImage object is initialized here, so that when       grabImage() is called later, the snap can be quickly changed to       an image.      The object is initialized by taking a snap, which      may be an actual picture or be 'empty'.      An 'empty' snap is a Buffer object with no video information,      as detected by examining its component VideoFormat data.       An 'empty' snap is caused by the delay in the player, which       although in its started state may still take several seconds to       start capturing.       The dimensions of the snap are used to calculate the scale      factor from the original image size to size*size.  */  {    Buffer buf = fg.grabFrame();     // take a snap    if (buf == null) {      System.out.println("No grabbed frame");      return false;    }        // there is a buffer, but check if it's empty or not    VideoFormat vf = (VideoFormat) buf.getFormat();    if (vf == null) {      System.out.println("No video format");      return false;    }    System.out.println("Video format: " + vf);    int width = vf.getSize().width;     // the image's dimensions    int height = vf.getSize().height;    if (width > height)      scaleFactor = ((double) size) / width;    else      scaleFactor = ((double) size) / height;    // initialize bufferToImage with the video format info.    bufferToImage = new BufferToImage(vf);    return true;  }  // end of hasBufferToImage()  synchronized public BufferedImage grabImage()  /* Capture an image/frame.     The frame is converted from Buffer object to Image,     and finally to BufferedImage.   */  {    if (closedDevice)      return null;    // grab the current frame as a buffer object    Buffer buf = fg.grabFrame();    if (buf == null) {      System.out.println("No grabbed buffer");      return null;    }        // convert buffer to image    Image im = bufferToImage.createImage(buf);    if (im == null) {      System.out.println("No grabbed image");      return null;    }    return makeBIM(im);  }  // end of grabImage()  private BufferedImage makeBIM(Image im)  /* Make a BufferedImage copy of im, assuming no alpha channel.     Resize it to fit into size dimensions. */  {    BufferedImage copy = new BufferedImage(size, size,                                         BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);                                        // BufferedImage.TYPE_3BYTE_BGR);      // TYPE_3BYTE_BGR is a BufferedImage format that can support       // dynamic texturing in OpenGL v.1.2 (and above) and D3D    // create a graphics context    Graphics2D g2d = copy.createGraphics();    // image --> resized BufferedImage    g2d.scale(scaleFactor, scaleFactor);         /* Scale the image according to the scaleFactor value, by            scaling the graphics context instead. */    g2d.drawImage(im,0,0,null);    g2d.dispose();    return copy;  }  // end of makeBIM()  synchronized public void close()  /* close() and grabImage() are synchronized so that it's not     possible to close down the player while a frame is being     snapped. */  {  p.close();       closedDevice = true;  }   public boolean isClosed()  {  return closedDevice;  }  public void controllerUpdate(ControllerEvent evt)  // respond to events  {    if (evt instanceof StartEvent) {   // the player has started      synchronized (waitSync) {        stateTransitionOK = true;        waitSync.notifyAll();      }    }    else if (evt instanceof ResourceUnavailableEvent) {        synchronized (waitSync) {  // there was a problem getting a player resource        stateTransitionOK = false;        waitSync.notifyAll();      }    }  } // end of controllerUpdate()} // end of JMFCapture class