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<title>PGP Encryption for Beginners</title>
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PGP Encryption for Beginners<br>
Version 1.1 | author: <a href="mailto:sainty@euroseek.com">the saint</a> & <a href="mailto:khopeson@icqmail.com">krans</a><br>
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Contents<br>
========<br>
<br>
<a href="#1">Why Encrypt?</a><br>
<a href="#2">What is PGP?</a><br>
<a href="#3">Introduction to Cryptography.</a><br>
<a href="#4">Main Types of Cryptography.</a><br>
<a href="#5">How Does Cryptography Work?</a><br>
<a href="#6">Conventional Cryptography</a><br>
<a href="#7">Public Key Cryptography</a><br>
<a href="#8">How Does PGP Work?</a><br>
<a href="#9">A Few Words About The Keys...</a><br>
<a href="#10">..And About Digital Signatures</a><br>
<a href="#11">The Message Digest</a><br>
<a href="#12">Digital Certificates</a><br>
<a href="#13">Certificate Formats</a><br>
<a href="#14">Validity and Trust</a><br>
<a href="#15">Passwords and Passphrases</a><br>
<br>
<a name="1">Why Encrypt?</a><br>
============<br>
<br>
Why the hell would you want to encrypt your data anyway? Well, for several reasons:<br>
<br>
(1) Suppose someone breaks into your computer. Instead of being able to quickly grab all of your credit card numbers, passwords etc', if you've encrypted your data he will only get encrypted garbage, which will mean nothing to him, and will be excruciatingly hard to decipher.<br>
<br>
(2) Suppose you're not the only one using your computer. Would you risk putting your private information wide-open to strangers and maybe even malicious users? I wouldn't.<br>
<br>
I hope you get my drift. Now, let's move on.<br>
<br>
<a name="2">What is PGP?</a><br>
============<br>
<br>
PGP (Pretty Good Privacy) - is an encrypting technology which combines features of both conventional and public key cryptography (the keys we will discuss later in this topic) and is sometimes called a hybrid cryptosystem.<br>
<br>
<a name="3">Introduction to Cryptography</a><br>
============================<br>
<br>
At first, I would like to introduce you to some new words, which will be widely used in this tutorial:<br>
<br>
1. "Plain text" or "clear text" is unencrypted data, which can be read and easily understood and has not been encrypted. This tutorial is written in clear text, for example.<br>
2. Encryption - the process of changing plain text into ciphertext.<br>
3. Ciphertext - is the result of encryption - meaningless garbage at first sight. (One of the meanings is "an obsolete name for zero).<br>
4. Decryption - it is a method to convert readable data from Ciphertext.<br>
5. Cryptography - the science of encryption.<br>
6. Cryptanalysis - a branch of mathematics that involves breaking encrypted data mathematically or statistically.<br>
7. Attackers - anybody who tries to get cleartext from ciphertext without authorisation.<br>
8. Cryptology - synonym for cryptography<br>
9. Cipher - an algorithm or mathematical function that converts plaintext to ciphertext.<br>
10. Cryptosystem - a cipher and all the tools/algorithms associated with it<br>
<br>
Here is logical chain of all this process:<br>
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PLAINTEXT --> ENCRYPTION --> CIPHERTEXT --> DECRYPTION --> PLAINTEXT<br>
\<br>
-> SUCCESSFUL ATTACK --> PLAINTEXT<br>
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<br>
Cryptography actually is a mathematical science. It uses mathematics to encrypt / decrypt data in order to store it or to transfer it securely across an insecure network (the internet for example, but it could be any other type of network, not even the electronic type) to ensure that information is only available to authorized people.<br>
<br>
<a name="4">Main types of Cryptography</a><br>
==========================<br>
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