/*Copyright (c) 1997, 1998 Carnegie Mellon University.  All RightsReserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or withoutmodification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentationand/or other materials provided with the distribution.3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote productsderived from this software without specific prior written permission.THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS ORIMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIESOF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OROTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IFADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.The AODV code developed by the CMU/MONARCH group was optimized and tuned by Samir Das and Mahesh Marina, University of Cincinnati. The work was partially done in Sun Microsystems. Modified for gratuitous replies by Anant Utgikar, 09/16/02.*///#include <ip.h>#include <aodv/aodv.h>#include <aodv/aodv_packet.h>#include <random.h>#include <cmu-trace.h>//#include <energy-model.h>#define max(a,b)        ( (a) > (b) ? (a) : (b) )#define CURRENT_TIME    Scheduler::instance().clock()//#define DEBUG//#define ERROR#ifdef DEBUGstatic int extra_route_reply = 0;static int limit_route_request = 0;static int route_request = 0;#endif/*  TCL Hooks*/int hdr_aodv::offset_;static class AODVHeaderClass : public PacketHeaderClass {public:        AODVHeaderClass() : PacketHeaderClass("PacketHeader/AODV",                                              sizeof(hdr_all_aodv)) {	  bind_offset(&hdr_aodv::offset_);	} } class_rtProtoAODV_hdr;static class AODVclass : public TclClass {public:        AODVclass() : TclClass("Agent/AODV") {}        TclObject* create(int argc, const char*const* argv) {          assert(argc == 5);          //return (new AODV((nsaddr_t) atoi(argv[4])));	  return (new AODV((nsaddr_t) Address::instance().str2addr(argv[4])));        }} class_rtProtoAODV;intAODV::command(int argc, const char*const* argv) {  if(argc == 2) {  Tcl& tcl = Tcl::instance();        if(strncasecmp(argv[1], "id", 2) == 0) {      tcl.resultf("%d", index);      return TCL_OK;    }        if(strncasecmp(argv[1], "start", 2) == 0) {      btimer.handle((Event*) 0);#ifndef AODV_LINK_LAYER_DETECTION      htimer.handle((Event*) 0);      ntimer.handle((Event*) 0);#endif // LINK LAYER DETECTION      rtimer.handle((Event*) 0);      return TCL_OK;     }                 }  else if(argc == 3) {    if(strcmp(argv[1], "index") == 0) {      index = atoi(argv[2]);      return TCL_OK;    }    else if(strcmp(argv[1], "log-target") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "tracetarget") == 0) {      logtarget = (Trace*) TclObject::lookup(argv[2]);      if(logtarget == 0)	return TCL_ERROR;      return TCL_OK;    }    else if(strcmp(argv[1], "drop-target") == 0) {    int stat = rqueue.command(argc,argv);      if (stat != TCL_OK) return stat;      return Agent::command(argc, argv);    }    else if(strcmp(argv[1], "if-queue") == 0) {    ifqueue = (PriQueue*) TclObject::lookup(argv[2]);            if(ifqueue == 0)	return TCL_ERROR;      return TCL_OK;    }    else if (strcmp(argv[1], "port-dmux") == 0) {    	dmux_ = (PortClassifier *)TclObject::lookup(argv[2]);	if (dmux_ == 0) {		fprintf (stderr, "%s: %s lookup of %s failed\n", __FILE__,		argv[1], argv[2]);		return TCL_ERROR;	}	return TCL_OK;    }  }  return Agent::command(argc, argv);}/*    Constructor*/AODV::AODV(nsaddr_t id) : Agent(PT_AODV),			  btimer(this), htimer(this), ntimer(this), 			  rtimer(this), lrtimer(this), rqueue() {                   index = id;  seqno = 2;  bid = 1;  LIST_INIT(&nbhead);  LIST_INIT(&bihead);  logtarget = 0;  ifqueue = 0;  nlinkfail = 0; // ktnahm  bind( "beta_", &beta ); // ktnahm}/*  Timers*/voidBroadcastTimer::handle(Event*) {  agent->id_purge();  Scheduler::instance().schedule(this, &intr, BCAST_ID_SAVE);}voidHelloTimer::handle(Event*) {   agent->sendHello();   double interval = MinHelloInterval +                  ((MaxHelloInterval - MinHelloInterval) * Random::uniform());   assert(interval >= 0);   Scheduler::instance().schedule(this, &intr, interval);}voidNeighborTimer::handle(Event*) {  agent->nb_purge();  Scheduler::instance().schedule(this, &intr, HELLO_INTERVAL);}voidRouteCacheTimer::handle(Event*) {  agent->rt_purge();#define FREQUENCY 0.5 // sec  Scheduler::instance().schedule(this, &intr, FREQUENCY);}voidLocalRepairTimer::handle(Event* p)  {  // SRD: 5/4/99aodv_rt_entry *rt;struct hdr_ip *ih = HDR_IP( (Packet *)p);   /* you get here after the timeout in a local repair attempt */   /*	fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", __FUNCTION__); */    rt = agent->rtable.rt_lookup(ih->daddr());	    if (rt && rt->rt_flags != RTF_UP) {    // route is yet to be repaired    // I will be conservative and bring down the route    // and send route errors upstream.    /* The following assert fails, not sure why */    /* assert (rt->rt_flags == RTF_IN_REPAIR); */		      //rt->rt_seqno++;      agent->rt_down(rt);      // send RERR#ifdef DEBUG      fprintf(stderr,"Node %d: Dst - %d, failed local repair\n",index, rt->rt_dst);#endif          }    Packet::free((Packet *)p);}/*   Broadcast ID Management  Functions*/voidAODV::id_insert(nsaddr_t id, u_int32_t bid) {BroadcastID *b = new BroadcastID(id, bid); assert(b); b->expire = CURRENT_TIME + BCAST_ID_SAVE; LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&bihead, b, link);}/* SRD */boolAODV::id_lookup(nsaddr_t id, u_int32_t bid) {BroadcastID *b = bihead.lh_first;  // Search the list for a match of source and bid for( ; b; b = b->link.le_next) {   if ((b->src == id) && (b->id == bid))     return true;      } return false;}voidAODV::id_purge() {BroadcastID *b = bihead.lh_first;BroadcastID *bn;double now = CURRENT_TIME; for(; b; b = bn) {   bn = b->link.le_next;   if(b->expire <= now) {     LIST_REMOVE(b,link);     delete b;   } }}/*  Helper Functions*/doubleAODV::PerHopTime(aodv_rt_entry *rt) {int num_non_zero = 0, i;double total_latency = 0.0; if (!rt)   return ((double) NODE_TRAVERSAL_TIME );	 for (i=0; i < MAX_HISTORY; i++) {   if (rt->rt_disc_latency[i] > 0.0) {      num_non_zero++;      total_latency += rt->rt_disc_latency[i];   } } if (num_non_zero > 0)   return(total_latency / (double) num_non_zero); else   return((double) NODE_TRAVERSAL_TIME);}/*  Link Failure Management Functions*/static voidaodv_rt_failed_callback(Packet *p, void *arg) {  ((AODV*) arg)->rt_ll_failed(p);}/* * This routine is invoked when the link-layer reports a route failed. */voidAODV::rt_ll_failed(Packet *p) {struct hdr_cmn *ch = HDR_CMN(p);struct hdr_ip *ih = HDR_IP(p);aodv_rt_entry *rt;nsaddr_t broken_nbr = ch->next_hop_;// ktnahm starts if ( ch->xmit_reason_ == XMIT_REASON_CONFIRM ) {   nlinkfail = 0;   //   lossintv++;   return; }  nlinkfail ++; // now, it's a link failure for sure -- ktnahm if (beta == 0 || nlinkfail < beta) {   drop( p, DROP_RTR_MAC_CALLBACK);   Packet::free(p);   p = 0;   return; } // ktnahm ends#ifndef AODV_LINK_LAYER_DETECTION drop(p, DROP_RTR_MAC_CALLBACK);#else  /*  * Non-data packets and Broadcast Packets can be dropped.  */  if(! DATA_PACKET(ch->ptype()) ||     (u_int32_t) ih->daddr() == IP_BROADCAST) {    drop(p, DROP_RTR_MAC_CALLBACK);    return;  }  log_link_broke(p);	if((rt = rtable.rt_lookup(ih->daddr())) == 0) {    drop(p, DROP_RTR_MAC_CALLBACK);    return;  }  log_link_del(ch->next_hop_);#ifdef AODV_LOCAL_REPAIR  /* if the broken link is closer to the dest than source,      attempt a local repair. Otherwise, bring down the route. */  if (ch->num_forwards() > rt->rt_hops) {    local_rt_repair(rt, p); // local repair    // retrieve all the packets in the ifq using this link,    // queue the packets for which local repair is done,     return;  }  else	#endif // LOCAL REPAIR	  {    drop(p, DROP_RTR_MAC_CALLBACK);    // Do the same thing for other packets in the interface queue using the    // broken link -Maheshwhile((p = ifqueue->filter(broken_nbr))) {     drop(p, DROP_RTR_MAC_CALLBACK);    }	    nb_delete(broken_nbr);  }#endif // LINK LAYER DETECTION}voidAODV::handle_link_failure(nsaddr_t id) {aodv_rt_entry *rt, *rtn;Packet *rerr = Packet::alloc();struct hdr_aodv_error *re = HDR_AODV_ERROR(rerr); re->DestCount = 0; for(rt = rtable.head(); rt; rt = rtn) {  // for each rt entry   rtn = rt->rt_link.le_next;    if ((rt->rt_hops != INFINITY2) && (rt->rt_nexthop == id) ) {     assert (rt->rt_flags == RTF_UP);     assert((rt->rt_seqno%2) == 0);     rt->rt_seqno++;     re->unreachable_dst[re->DestCount] = rt->rt_dst;     re->unreachable_dst_seqno[re->DestCount] = rt->rt_seqno;#ifdef DEBUG     fprintf(stderr, "%s(%f): %d\t(%d\t%u\t%d)\n", __FUNCTION__, CURRENT_TIME,		     index, re->unreachable_dst[re->DestCount],		     re->unreachable_dst_seqno[re->DestCount], rt->rt_nexthop);#endif // DEBUG     re->DestCount += 1;     rt_down(rt);   }   // remove the lost neighbor from all the precursor lists   rt->pc_delete(id); }    if (re->DestCount > 0) {#ifdef DEBUG   fprintf(stderr, "%s(%f): %d\tsending RERR...\n", __FUNCTION__, CURRENT_TIME, index);#endif // DEBUG   sendError(rerr, false); } else {   Packet::free(rerr); }}voidAODV::local_rt_repair(aodv_rt_entry *rt, Packet *p) {#ifdef DEBUG  fprintf(stderr,"%s: Dst - %d\n", __FUNCTION__, rt->rt_dst); #endif    // Buffer the packet   rqueue.enque(p);  // mark the route as under repair   rt->rt_flags = RTF_IN_REPAIR;  sendRequest(rt->rt_dst);  // set up a timer interrupt  Scheduler::instance().schedule(&lrtimer, p->copy(), rt->rt_req_timeout);}voidAODV::rt_update(aodv_rt_entry *rt, u_int32_t seqnum, u_int16_t metric,	       	nsaddr_t nexthop, double expire_time) {     rt->rt_seqno = seqnum;     rt->rt_hops = metric;     rt->rt_flags = RTF_UP;     rt->rt_nexthop = nexthop;     rt->rt_expire = expire_time;}voidAODV::rt_down(aodv_rt_entry *rt) {  /*   *  Make sure that you don't "down" a route more than once.   */  if(rt->rt_flags == RTF_DOWN) {    return;  }  // assert (rt->rt_seqno%2); // is the seqno odd?  rt->rt_last_hop_count = rt->rt_hops;  rt->rt_hops = INFINITY2;  rt->rt_flags = RTF_DOWN;  rt->rt_nexthop = 0;  rt->rt_expire = 0;} /* rt_down function *//*  Route Handling Functions*/voidAODV::rt_resolve(Packet *p) {struct hdr_cmn *ch = HDR_CMN(p);struct hdr_ip *ih = HDR_IP(p);aodv_rt_entry *rt; /*  *  Set the transmit failure callback.  That  *  won't change.  */ ch->xmit_failure_ = aodv_rt_failed_callback;