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<div id="preamble"><h1>Apache Module mod_access</h1>
<div class="toplang">
<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_access.html" title="English"> en </a> |
<a href="../ja/mod/mod_access.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a></p>
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<table class="module"><tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Provides access control based on client hostname, IP
address, or other characteristics of the client request.</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#ModuleIdentifier">Module營dentifier:</a></th><td>access_module</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#SourceFile">Source燜ile:</a></th><td>mod_access.c</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Available only in versions prior to 2.1</td></tr></table>
<h3>Summary</h3>
<p>The directives provided by <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_access.html">mod_access</a></code> are used
in <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code>,
<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#files"><Files></a></code>, and
<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#location"><Location></a></code> sections
as well as <code><a href="core.html#accessfilename">.htaccess</a></code>
files to control access to particular parts of the server. Access
can be controlled based on the client hostname, IP address, or
other characteristics of the client request, as captured in <a href="../env.html">environment variables</a>. The <code class="directive"><a href="#allow">Allow</a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="#deny">Deny</a></code> directives are used to
specify which clients are or are not allowed access to the server,
while the <code class="directive"><a href="#order">Order</a></code>
directive sets the default access state, and configures how the
<code class="directive"><a href="#allow">Allow</a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="#deny">Deny</a></code> directives interact with each
other.</p>
<p>Both host-based access restrictions and password-based
authentication may be implemented simultaneously. In that case,
the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#satisfy">Satisfy</a></code> directive is used
to determine how the two sets of restrictions interact.</p>
<p>In general, access restriction directives apply to all
access methods (<code>GET</code>, <code>PUT</code>,
<code>POST</code>, etc). This is the desired behavior in most
cases. However, it is possible to restrict some methods, while
leaving other methods unrestricted, by enclosing the directives
in a <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#limit"><Limit></a></code> section.</p>
</div>
<div id="quickview"><h3 class="directives">Directives</h3>
<ul id="toc">
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#allow">Allow</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#deny">Deny</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#order">Order</a></li>
</ul>
<h3>See also</h3>
<ul class="seealso">
<li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#satisfy">Satisfy</a></code></li>
<li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#require">Require</a></code></li>
</ul></div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="Allow" id="Allow">Allow</a> <a name="allow" id="allow">Directive</a></h2>
<table class="directive">
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Controls which hosts can access an area of the
server</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code> Allow from
all|<var>host</var>|env=<var>env-variable</var>
[<var>host</var>|env=<var>env-variable</var>] ...</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>Limit</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_access</td></tr>
</table>
<p>The <code class="directive">Allow</code> directive affects which hosts can
access an area of the server. Access can be controlled by
hostname, IP Address, IP Address range, or by other
characteristics of the client request captured in environment
variables.</p>
<p>The first argument to this directive is always
<code>from</code>. The subsequent arguments can take three
different forms. If <code>Allow from all</code> is specified, then
all hosts are allowed access, subject to the configuration of the
<code class="directive"><a href="#deny">Deny</a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="#order">Order</a></code> directives as discussed
below. To allow only particular hosts or groups of hosts to access
the server, the <var>host</var> can be specified in any of the
following formats:</p>
<dl>
<dt>A (partial) domain-name</dt>
<dd>
<div class="example"><h3>Example:</h3><p><code>
Allow from apache.org<br />
Allow from .net example.edu
</code></p></div>
<p>Hosts whose names match, or end in, this string are allowed
access. Only complete components are matched, so the above
example will match <code>foo.apache.org</code> but it will not
match <code>fooapache.org</code>. This configuration will cause
Apache to perform a double reverse DNS lookup on the client IP
address, regardless of the setting of the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#hostnamelookups">HostnameLookups</a></code> directive. It will do
a reverse DNS lookup on the IP address to find the associated
hostname, and then do a forward lookup on the hostname to assure
that it matches the original IP address. Only if the forward
and reverse DNS are consistent and the hostname matches will
access be allowed.</p></dd>
<dt>A full IP address</dt>
<dd>
<div class="example"><h3>Example:</h3><p><code>
Allow from 10.1.2.3<br />
Allow from 192.168.1.104 192.168.1.205
</code></p></div>
<p>An IP address of a host allowed access</p></dd>
<dt>A partial IP address</dt>
<dd>
<div class="example"><h3>Example:</h3><p><code>
Allow from 10.1<br />
Allow from 10 172.20 192.168.2
</code></p></div>
<p>The first 1 to 3 bytes of an IP address, for subnet
restriction.</p></dd>
<dt>A network/netmask pair</dt>
<dd>
<div class="example"><h3>Example:</h3><p><code>
Allow from 10.1.0.0/255.255.0.0
</code></p></div>
<p>A network a.b.c.d, and a netmask w.x.y.z. For more
fine-grained subnet restriction.</p></dd>
<dt>A network/nnn CIDR specification</dt>
<dd>
<div class="example"><h3>Example:</h3><p><code>
Allow from 10.1.0.0/16
</code></p></div>
<p>Similar to the previous case, except the netmask consists of
nnn high-order 1 bits.</p></dd>
</dl>
<p>Note that the last three examples above match exactly the
same set of hosts.</p>
<p>IPv6 addresses and IPv6 subnets can be specified as shown
below:</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
Allow from 2001:db8::a00:20ff:fea7:ccea<br />
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