hold on
%SNR upto 20 dBs
EbNo=[0:2:20];

%N, M: number of transmit and receive antennas

%N=no_tx_antennas;
N=2;
%M=no_rx_antennas;
 M=1;
%initialize count
idx = 1;
K=1000;  %符號數
Num=100;
%channel_model='AWGN ';%信道模型是高斯信道
model='Rayleigh';%信道模型是Rayleigh

for SNR=EbNo

  sigma=0.5/(10^(SNR/10));  

% Num -> number of packets
       for packet_count=1:Num
% we are interested in transmitting 'K' SYMBOLS not bits. Hence, K*2 for QPSK
% etc.      
                    data=randint(K*2,N);
                    BIT=2;
               
tx_bits=data.';
temp=[];
temp1=[];
for i=1:N
%i=2
   % [temp1 s P]=tx_modulate(tx_bits(i,:),modulation);
   %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
   bits_in(i,:)=tx_bits(i,:);
   full_len = length(bits_in(i,:));
    % Angle [pi/4 3*pi/4 -3*pi/4 -pi/4] corresponds to 
   % Gray code vector [00 10 11 01], respectively.
   table=exp(j*[-3/4*pi 3/4*pi 1/4*pi -1/4*pi]);  % generates QPSK symbols
   table=table([0 1 3 2]+1); % Gray code mapping pattern for QPSK symbols
   inp=reshape(bits_in(i,:),2,full_len/2);
   mod_symbols=table([2 1]*inp+1);  % maps transmitted bits into QPSK symbols
   P=4;% 4 constellation points
   temp1=mod_symbols;
   s=table;
   %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
    temp=[temp; temp1];
    temp1=0;
end
%ready to transmit symbols of length 'K'
X=temp.';
fr_length=length(X);
 
% block coding-Alamouti
 x0=X(:,1);% required to verify a 1x1 system
 x1=X;
 x2(:,1)=-conj(X(:,2));
 x2(:,2)=conj(X(:,1));
 

 % form the channel matrix
 for n=1:N
  %   if channel_model=='AWGN    '
   %      Hr(n,:,:)=ones(fr_length,N);
    % else
         Hr(n,:,:)=(randn(fr_length,N)+j*randn(fr_length,N))/sqrt(2);
     %end
 end

 

%transmission matrix   
H=reshape(Hr(n,:,:),fr_length,N);
Habs(:,n)=sum(abs(H).^2,2);

%received signal per receiver antenna   
 r1=sum(H.*x1,2)/sqrt(N)+sqrt(sigma)*(randn(fr_length,1)+j*randn(fr_length,1));
 r2=sum(H.*x2,2)/sqrt(N)+sqrt(sigma)*(randn(fr_length,1)+j*randn(fr_length,1));
  
% demodulate the received signals
 z1=r1.*conj(H(:,1))+conj(r2).*H(:,2);
 z2=r1.*conj(H(:,2))-conj(r2).*H(:,1);

%uncoded(1,1)
 r01=H(:,1).*x0+sqrt(sigma)*(randn(fr_length,1)+j*randn(fr_length,1));
     
%form estimates
for m=1:P
   d01(:,m)=abs(r01-H(:,1)*s(m)).^2; %uncoded signal
%coded signals       
   d1(:,m)=abs(sum(z1,2)-s(m)).^2+(-1+sum(Habs,2))*abs(s(m))^2;
   d2(:,m)=abs(sum(z2,2)-s(m)).^2+(-1+sum(Habs,2))*abs(s(m))^2;
end
     
% determine the minimum of estimates      
     
%decision for detecting uncoded
      [y0,i0]=min((d01),[],2);
      s0d=s(i0).';
      
      clear d01 
      
%decision for detecting s1     
      [y1,i1]=min(d1,[],2);
      s1d=s(i1).';
      
      clear d1
%decision for detecting s2     
      [y2,i2]=min(d2,[],2);
      s2d=s(i2).';
      
      clear d2

% form received symbols    
      Xd=[s1d s2d];
%determine symbol errors   
error_un(packet_count)=sum(X(:,1)~=s0d);% for uncoded
temp1=X>0;
temp2=Xd>0;
error(packet_count)=sum(sum(temp1~=temp2));% for coded
       end% end of FOR loop for "packet_count"

%calculate FER, SER and BER for current idx

%for uncoded signal
  SER_uncoded(idx)=sum(error_un)/(Num*K);
  BER_uncoded(idx)=SER_uncoded(idx)/BIT;
  FER_uncoded(idx)=SER_uncoded(idx)*K;

% for coded signals
  SER(idx)=sum(error)/(Num*K);
  BER(idx)=SER(idx)/BIT;
  FER(idx)=SER(idx)*K;
  
%increment idx  
  idx=idx + 1; 
end% end of FOR loop for SNR
%semilogy(EbNo,SER,'g')
%hold on
semilogy(EbNo,BER,'>')
%legend('SER','BER')
clc
clear