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<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:11.15pt;mso-char-indent-count:.98'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>1</span><span style='font-family:宋體'>．順序<span
lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>2</span>．（<span lang=EN-US>n-1</span>）<span lang=EN-US>/2<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>3</span>．<span lang=EN-US>py->next=px->next; px->next=py<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:11.15pt;mso-char-indent-count:.98'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>4 </span><span style='font-family:宋體'>．<span
lang=EN-US>n-i+1<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:11.15pt;mso-char-indent-count:.98'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>5</span><span style='font-family:宋體'>．主要是使插入和刪除等操作統一，在第一個元素之前插入<span
style='color:red'>元素</span>和刪除第一個結點不必另作判斷。另外，不論鏈表是否為空，鏈表指針不變。<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:9.4pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
宋體'>6</span><span style='font-family:宋體'>．<span lang=EN-US>O(1)</span>，<span
lang=EN-US>O(n)<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>7</span>．單鏈表，<span style='color:red'>多重</span>鏈表，（動態）鏈表，靜態鏈表<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:11.15pt;mso-char-indent-count:.98'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>8</span><span style='font-family:宋體'>．<span
lang=EN-US>f->next=p->next; f->prior=p; p->next->prior=f; p->next=f;<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:11.15pt;mso-char-indent-count:.98'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>9</span><span style='font-family:宋體'>．<span
lang=EN-US>p^.prior<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>s^.prior^.next<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:11.15pt;mso-char-indent-count:.98'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>10</span><span style='font-family:宋體'>． 指針<span
lang=EN-US><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>11</span>．物理上相鄰<span
lang=EN-US><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span>指針<span
lang=EN-US><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>12</span>．<span lang=EN-US>4<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>2<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:11.15pt;mso-char-indent-count:.98'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>13</span><span style='font-family:宋體'>．從任一結點出發都可訪問到鏈表中每一個元素。<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:11.15pt;mso-char-indent-count:.98'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>14</span><span style='font-family:宋體'>．<span
lang=EN-US>u=p->next; p->next=u->next; free(u);<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>15</span>．<span
lang=EN-US>L->next->next==L<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>16</span>．<span lang=EN-US>p->next!=null<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:11.4pt;mso-para-margin-left:1.0gd'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>17</span><span style='font-family:宋體'>．<span
lang=EN-US>L->next==L && L->prior==L<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>18</span>．<span lang=EN-US>s->next=p->next;p->next=s;<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:11.4pt;mso-para-margin-left:1.0gd'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>19</span><span style='font-family:宋體'>．<span
lang=EN-US>(1) <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>IF </b>pa=NIL <b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>THEN</b> <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'>return</b>(true);<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:11.4pt;mso-para-margin-left:1.0gd;
text-indent:19.5pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>(2) pb<>NIL <b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>AND</b> pa^.data>=pb^.data<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:11.4pt;mso-para-margin-left:1.0gd;
text-indent:19.5pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>(3) <b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>return</b>(inclusion(pa,pb));<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:11.4pt;mso-para-margin-left:1.0gd;
text-indent:19.5pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>(4) pb:=pb^.next;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:11.4pt;mso-para-margin-left:1.0gd;
text-indent:19.5pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>(5) <b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>return</b>(false);<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:11.4pt;mso-para-margin-left:1.0gd;
text-indent:19.5pt'><span style='font-family:宋體'>非遞歸算法：<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:28.5pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.5'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>(1)pre:=pb; (2) pa<>NIL AND
pb<>NIL AND pb^.data>=pa^.data<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>(3)pa:=pa^.next; pb:=pb->next;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:28.5pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.5'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>(4)pb:=pre^.next;pre:=pb;pa:=pa^.next;(5)<b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>IF </b>pa=NIL <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'>THEN</b> <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>return</b>(true) <b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>ELSE</b> <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'>return</b>(false);<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>[</span><span
style='font-family:宋體'>注<span lang=EN-US>]</span>：本題是在鏈表上求模式匹配問題。非遞歸算法中用指針<span
lang=EN-US>pre</span>指向主串中開始結點（初始時為第一元素結點）。若主串與子串對應數據相等，兩串工作指針<span lang=EN-US>pa</span>和<span
lang=EN-US>pb</span>后移；否則，主串工作指針從<span lang=EN-US>pre</span>的下一結點開始（這時<span
lang=EN-US>pre</span>又指向新的開始結點），子串工作指針從子串第一元素開始，比較一直繼續到循環條件失敗。若<span
lang=EN-US>pa</span>為空，則匹配成功，返回<span lang=EN-US>true</span>，否則，返回<span
lang=EN-US>false</span>。<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:11.4pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.0'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>20</span><span style='font-family:宋體'>．<span
lang=EN-US>A</span>．<b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span lang=EN-US>VAR</span></b><span
lang=EN-US> head:ptr<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>B. new(p)<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>C. p^.data:=k<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>D. q^.next:=p<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>E. q:=p(</span>帶頭結點<span
lang=EN-US>)<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:11.4pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.0'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>21</span><span style='font-family:宋體'>．（<span
lang=EN-US>1</span>）<span lang=EN-US>new(h);∥</span>生成頭結點，以便于操作。<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.6pt'><span lang=EN-US
style='font-family:宋體'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋體'>（<span lang=EN-US>2</span>）<span lang=EN-US>r^.next:=p; <span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>(3) r^.next:=q;<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>(4) <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><span style='color:red'>IF </span></b>(q=NIL) <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><span style='color:red'>THEN</span></b> r^.next:=p;<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:11.4pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.0'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>22</span><span style='font-family:宋體'>．<span
lang=EN-US>A: r^.link^.data<>max <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>AND</b>
q^.link^.data<>max<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:34.2pt;mso-char-indent-count:3.0'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>B: r:=r^.link<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>C: q^.link <span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>D: q^.link <span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>E: r^.link <span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>F: r^.link<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:34.2pt;mso-char-indent-count:3.0'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>G: r:=s</span><span style='font-family:宋體'>（或<span
lang=EN-US>r:= r^.link</span>）<span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>H: r:=r^.link <span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>I: q^.link:=s^.link<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='tab-stops:27.0pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
宋體'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>23</span><span
style='font-family:宋體'>．<span lang=EN-US>(1)la<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>(2)0<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>(3)j<i-1<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>(4)p</span>↑<span lang=EN-US>.next
<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>(5)i<1<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='tab-stops:27.0pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
宋體'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>24.(1)head^.left:=s<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>∥head</span><span style='font-family:
宋體'>的前驅指針指向插入結點<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:31.8pt;tab-stops:27.0pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>(2)j:=<span style='color:red'>1</span>;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:31.8pt;tab-stops:27.0pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>(3)p:=p^.right<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span style='font-family:宋體'>∥工作指針后移<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:31.8pt;tab-stops:27.0pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>(4)s^.left:=p<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:31.8pt;tab-stops:27.0pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>(5)p^.right^.left:=s;<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span style='font-family:宋體'>∥<span
lang=EN-US>p</span>后繼的前驅是<span lang=EN-US>s<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:31.8pt;tab-stops:27.0pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>(6)s^.left:=p;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:22.8pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
tab-stops:27.0pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>25.(1)i<=L.last<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>∥L.last </span><span style='font-family:
宋體'>為元素個數 <span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:22.8pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
tab-stops:27.0pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>(2)j:=j+1<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋體'>∥有值不相等的元素<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:40.8pt;mso-char-indent-count:3.58;
tab-stops:27.0pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>(3)L.elem[j]:=L.elem[i]<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span style='font-family:宋體'>∥元素前移<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:40.8pt;mso-char-indent-count:3.58;
tab-stops:27.0pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>(4)L.last:=j<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span style='font-family:宋體'>∥元素個數<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.6pt;tab-stops:27.0pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>26.(A)p^.link:=q;∥</span><span
style='font-family:宋體'>拉上鏈，前驅指向后繼<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.6pt;tab-stops:27.0pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>(B)p:=q;</span><span style='font-family:宋體'>∥新的前驅<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.6pt;tab-stops:27.0pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>(C)p^.link:=head;</span><span style='font-family:宋體'>∥形成循環鏈表<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.6pt;tab-stops:27.0pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>(D)j:=0;<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋體'>∥計數器，記被刪結點<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.6pt;tab-stops:27.0pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>(E)q:=p^.link</span><span style='font-family:宋體'>∥記下被刪結點<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.6pt;tab-stops:27.0pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>(F)p^.link=q^.link<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋體'>∥刪除結點<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.6pt;tab-stops:27.0pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>27. (1)p:=r;∥r</span><span style='font-family:
宋體'>指向工作指針<span lang=EN-US>s</span>的前驅，<span lang=EN-US>p</span>指向最小值的前驅。<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.6pt;tab-stops:27.0pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>(2)q:=s;</span><span
style='font-family:宋體'>∥<span lang=EN-US>q</span>指向最小值結點，<span lang=EN-US>s</span>是工作指針<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:46.05pt;mso-char-indent-count:4.04;
tab-stops:27.0pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>(3)s:=s^.link</span><span
style='font-family:宋體'>∥工作指針后移<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:46.05pt;mso-char-indent-count:4.04;
tab-stops:27.0pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>(4)head:=head^.next;</span><span
style='font-family:宋體'>∥第一個結點值最小；<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:46.05pt;mso-char-indent-count:4.04;
tab-stops:27.0pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>(5)p^link:=q^.link;</span><span
style='font-family:宋體'>∥跨過被刪結點（即刪除一結點）<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.6pt;tab-stops:27.0pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>28</span><span style='font-family:宋體'>．<span
lang=EN-US>(1) l^.key:=x;∥</span>頭結點<span lang=EN-US>l</span>這時起監視哨作用<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.6pt;tab-stops:27.0pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>(2) l^.freq:=p^.freq<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>∥</span><span style='font-family:
宋體'>頭結點起監視哨作用<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:45.85pt;mso-char-indent-count:4.02;
tab-stops:27.0pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>(3) q->pre->next=q->next;
q->next->pre=q->pre;<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
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