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<TD align=middle><FONT size=3>1997年8月托福閱讀全真試題</FONT></TD></TR>
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<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US>Question 10-20</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Barbed wire, first patented
in the United States in 1867, <BR>played an important part in
the development of American <BR>farming, as it enabled the
settlers to make effective fencing to <BR>enclose their land
and keep cattle away from their crops. This <BR>had a
considerable effect on cattle ranching, since the herds
no <BR>longer had unrestricted use of the plans for grazing,
and the <BR>fencing led to conflict between the farmers and the
cattle <BR>ranchers.<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Before barbed wire came into
general use, fencing was often <BR>made from serrated wire,
which was unsatisfactory because <BR>it broke easily when under
strain, and could snap in cold <BR>weather due to contraction.
The first practical machine for <BR>producing barbed wire was
invented in 1874 by an Illinois <BR>farmer, and between then
and the end of the century about <BR>400 types of barbed wire
were devised, of which only about a <BR>dozen were ever put to
practical use.<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Modern barbed wire is made
from mild steel high-tensile <BR>steel, or aluminum. Mild steel
and aluminum barbed wire <BR>have two strands twisted together
to form a cable which is <BR>stronger than single-strand wire
and less affected by temperature <BR>changes. Single-strand
wire, round or oval, is made from <BR>high-tensile steel with
the barbs crimped or welded on . The <BR>steel wires used are
galvanized - coated with zinc to make <BR>them rustproof. The
two wires that make up the line wire or <BR>cable are fed
separately into a machine at one end. They leave <BR>it at the
other end twisted-together and barbed. The wire to <BR>make the
barbs is fed into the machine from the sides and cut <BR>to
length by knives that cut diagonally through the wire
to <BR>produce a sharp point. This process continues
automatically, <BR>and the finished barbed wire is wound onto
reels, usually made <BR>of wire in length of 400 meters or in
weights of up to 50 <BR>kilograms.<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>A variation of barbed wire
is also used for military <BR>purposes. It is formed into long
coils or entanglements called <BR>concertina wire.<O:P>
<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: -12pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>11.What is the main topic of the passage?<O:P>
<BR>(A)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Cattle
ranching in the United States.<O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>A type of fencing<O:P>
<BR>(C)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Industrial
uses of wire<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>A controversy over land use.<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: -12pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>12.The word "unrestricted" in line 5 is closest in
meaning to<O:P> <BR>(A)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>unsatisfactory<O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>difficult<O:P>
<BR>(C)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>considerable<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>unlimited<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: -12pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>13.The word "snap" in line 10 could best be replaced by
which of the following?<O:P> <BR>(A)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>freeze<O:P>
<BR>(B)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>click<O:P>
<BR>(C)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>loosen<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>break<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: -12pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>14.What is the benefit of using two-stranded barbed
wire?<O:P> <BR>(A)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>Improved rust-resistance<O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Increased strength<O:P>
<BR>(C)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>More rapid
attachment of barbs<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Easier installation.<O:P>
</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: -12pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>15.According to the author, the steel wires used to make
barbed wire are specially processed to<O:P> <BR>(A)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>protect them against rust<O:P>
<BR>(B)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>make them
more flexible<O:P> <BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>prevent contraction in cold
weather<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>straighten them.<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: -12pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>16.The word "fed" in line 24 is closest in meaning
to<O:P> <BR>(A)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>put<O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>eaten<O:P> <BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>bitten<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>nourished<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: -12pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>17.The knives referred to in line 27 are used to<O:P>
<BR>(A)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>separate
double-stranded wire<O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>prevent the reel from
advancing too rapidly<O:P> <BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>twist the wire<O:P>
<BR>(D)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>cut the wire
that becomes barbs<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: -12pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>18.What is the author's purpose in the third
paragraph?<O:P> <BR>(A)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>To explain the importance of the wire.<O:P>
<BR>(B)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>To outline
the difficulty of making the wire<O:P> <BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>To describe how the wire is
made<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>To suggest several different uses of the wire.<O:P>
</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: -12pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>19.According to the passage, concertina wire is used for
<O:P> <BR>(A)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>livestock management<O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>international
communications<O:P> <BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>prison enclosures<O:P>
<BR>(D)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>military
purposes.<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: -12pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>20.Which of the following most closely resembles the
fencing described in the passage?<O:P> <BR>(A)<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（圖）<SPAN
lang=EN-US><O:P> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（圖）<SPAN
lang=EN-US><O:P> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（圖）<SPAN
lang=EN-US><O:P> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR>(D)<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（圖）<SPAN
lang=EN-US><O:P> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <BR></FONT></SPAN></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
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