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<TD class=l17><FONT class=f14 id=zoom> <BR>Question
39-50<O:P> <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><BR>
</SPAN>The changing profile of a city in the United States is
apparent <BR>in the shifting definitions used by the United
States Bureau <BR>of the Census. In 1870 the census officially
distinguished <BR>the nation's "urban" from its "rural"
population for the first <BR>time. "Urban population" was
defined as persons living in <BR>towns of 8,000 inhabitants or
more. But after 1900 it meant <BR>persons living in
incorporated places having 2,500 or
more <BR>inhabitants.<O:P> <SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"><BR> </SPAN>Then, in 1950 the Census
Bureau radically changed its <BR>definition of "urban" to take
account of the new vagueness of <BR>city boundaries. In
addition to persons living in incorporated <BR>units of 2,500
or more, the census now included those who <BR>lived in
unincorporated units of that size, and also all
persons <BR>living in the densely settled urban fringe,
including both incor-<BR>porated and unincorporated areas located
around cities of <BR>50,000 inhabitants or more. Each such
unit, conceived as an <BR>integrated economic and social unit
with a large population <BR>nucleus, was named a Standard
Metropolitan Statistical Area <BR>(SMSA).<O:P> <SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"><BR> </SPAN>Each SMSA would contain
at least (a) one central city <BR>with 50,000 inhabitants or
more or (b) two cities having <BR>shared boundaries and
constituting, for general economic and <BR>social purposes, a
single community with a combined population <BR>of at least
50,000,<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>the smaller of
which must have a population <BR>of at least 15,000. Such an
area included the county in <BR>which the central city is
located, and adjacent counties that are <BR>found to be
metropolitan in character and economically and <BR>socially
integrated with the country of the central city. By
1970, <BR>about two-thirds of the population of the United
States was <BR>living in these urbanized areas, and of that
figure more than <BR>half were living outside the central
cities.<O:P> <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><BR>
</SPAN>While the Census Bureau and the United States
government <BR>used the term SMSA (by 1969 there were 233 of
them), <BR>social scientists were also using new terms to
describe <BR>the elusive, vaguely defined areas reaching out
from what used <BR>to be simple "town" and "cities". A host of
terms came into <BR>use: "metropolitan regions", "polynucleated
population <BR>groups", "conurbations", "metropolitan
clusters", <BR>"megalopolises", and so on.<O:P>
<BR>39.What does the passage mainly discuss?<O:P>
<BR>(A)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>How cities
in the United States began and developed<O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Solutions to overcrowding in
cities<O:P> <BR>(C)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>The changing definition of an urban area<O:P>
<BR>(D)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>How the
United States Census Bureau conducts a census<O:P>
<BR>40.According to the passage, the population of the United
States was first classified as rural or urban in<O:P>
<BR>(A)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>1870<O:P>
<BR>(B)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>1900<O:P>
<BR>(C)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>1950<O:P>
<BR>(D)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>1970<O:P>
<BR>41.The word "distinguished" in line 3 is closest in
meaning to<O:P> <BR>(A)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>differentiated<O:P>
<BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>removed<O:P>
<BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>honored<O:P>
<BR>(D)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>protected<O:P>
<BR>42.Prior to 1900, how many inhabitants would a town have
to have before being defines as urban?<O:P> <BR>(A)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>2,500<O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>8,000<O:P> <BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>15,000<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>50,000<O:P> <BR>43.According
to the passage, why did the Census Bureau revise the definition of
urban in 1950?<O:P> <BR>(A)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>City borders had become less
distinct.<O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Cities had undergone radical
social change<O:P> <BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Elected officials could not
agree on an acceptable definition.<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>New businesses had relocated to
larger cities.<O:P> <BR>44.The word "those" in line 9 refers
to <O:P> <BR>(A)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>boundaries
<O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>persons<O:P>
<BR>(C)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>units<O:P>
<BR>(D)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>areas<O:P>
<BR>45.The word "constituting" in line 16 is closest in
meaning to<O:P> <BR>(A)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>located near<O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>determine by<O:P>
<BR>(C)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>calling
for<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>marking up<O:P> <BR>46.The word "which" in line 18
refers to a smaller<O:P> <BR>(A)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>population<O:P>
<BR>(B)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>city<O:P>
<BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>character<O:P>
<BR>(D)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>figure<O:P>
<BR>47.Which of the following is NOT true of an SMSA?<O:P>
<BR>(A)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>It has a
population of at least 50,000<O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>It can include a city's
outlying regions<O:P> <BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>It can include unincorporated
regions<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>It consists of at least two cities.<O:P> <BR>48.By
1970, what proportion of the population in the United States did NOT
live in an SMSA?<O:P> <BR>(A)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>3/4<O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>2/3<O:P> <BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>1/2<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>1/3<O:P> <BR>49.The
Census Bureau first used the term "SMSA" in <O:P> <BR>(A)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>1900<O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>1950<O:P> <BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>1969<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>1970<O:P> <BR>50.Where
in the passage does the author mention names used by social
scientists for an urban area?<O:P> <BR>(A)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Lines 4-5<O:P>
<BR>(B)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Lines
7-8<O:P> <BR>(C)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>Lines 21-23<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Lines 27-29.<O:P>
</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <?XML:NAMESPACE
PREFIX = O /><O:P> </O:P></SPAN>
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