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<TD class=l17><FONT class=f14 id=zoom></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN>
<P></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US>Question 19-29<O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>A folk culture is small,
isolated, cohesive, conservative, <BR>nearly self-sufficient
group that is homogeneous in custom and <BR>race, with a strong
family or clan structure and highly <BR>developed rituals.
Order is maintained through sanctions based in <BR>the religion
or family, and interpersonal relationships are <BR>strong.
Tradition is paramount, and change comes infrequently <BR>and
slowly. There is relatively little division of labor
into <BR>specialized duties. Rather, each person is expected to
perform <BR>a great variety of tasks, though duties many differ
between the <BR>sexes. Most goods are handmade, and a
subsistence economy <BR>prevails. Individualism is weakly
developed in folk cultures, as <BR>are social classes.
Unaltered folk cultures no longer exist in <BR>industrialized
countries such as the United States and Canada. <BR>Perhaps the
nearest modern-equivalent in Anglo-America is the <BR>Amish, a
German American farming sect that largely renounces <BR>the
products and labor saving device of the industrial <BR>age. In
Amish areas, horse - drawn buggies still serve as a
local <BR>transportation device, and the faithful are not
permitted to <BR>own automobiles. The Amish's central religious
concept of <BR>Demut, "humility", clearly reflects the weakness
of individualism <BR>and social class so typical of folk
cultures, and there is a <BR>corresponding strength of Amish
group identity. Rarely do the <BR>Amish marry outside their
sect. The religion, a variety of the <BR>Mennonite faith,
provides the principal mechanism for maintaining<BR>order.<O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>By contrast, a popular
culture is a large heterogeneous <BR>group, often highly
individualistic and constantly changing. <BR>Relationships tend
to be impersonal, and a pronounced division <BR>of labor
exists, leading to the establishment of many
specialized <BR>professions. Secular institutions of control
such as the police <BR>and army take the place of religion and
family in maintaining <BR>order, and a money-based economy
prevails. Because of these <BR>contrasts, "popular" may be
viewed as clearly different from <BR>"folk". The popular is
replacing the folk in industrialized countries <BR>and in many
developing nations, Folk-made objects give <BR>way to their
popular equivalent, usually because the popular <BR>item is
more quickly or cheaply produced, is easier or time <BR>saving
to use, or lends more prestige to the owner.<O:P> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: -12pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>19.What does the passage mainly discuss?<O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 19.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -19.5pt; tab-stops: 19.5pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Two decades in modern
society.<O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>The influence of industrial technology<O:P>
<BR>(C)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>The
characteristics of "folk" and "popular" societies.<O:P>
<BR>(D)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>The
specialization of labor in Canada and United States<O:P>
</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: -12pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>20.The word "homogeneous" in line 2 is closest in meaning
to<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 19.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -19.5pt; tab-stops: 19.5pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>uniform<O:P>
<BR>(B)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>general<O:P> <BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>primitive<O:P>
<BR>(D)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>traditional<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: -12pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>21.Which of the following is typical of folk
cultures?<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 19.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -19.5pt; tab-stops: 19.5pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>There is a money- based
economy.<O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>Social change occurs slowly.<O:P> <BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Contact with other cultures
is encouraged<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Each person develops one
specialized skill.<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: -12pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>22.What does the author imply about the United States and
Canada?<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 19.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -19.5pt; tab-stops: 19.5pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>They value folk cultures<O:P>
<BR>(B)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>They have
no social classes.<O:P> <BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>They have popular
cultures.<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>They do not value individualism.<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: -12pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>23.The phrase "largely renounces" in line 11 is closest
in meaning to<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 19.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -19.5pt; tab-stops: 19.5pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>generally rejects<O:P>
<BR>(B)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>greatly
modifies<O:P> <BR>(C)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>loudly declares<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>often criticizes<O:P>
</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: -12pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>24.What is the main source of order in Amish
society?<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 19.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -19.5pt; tab-stops: 19.5pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>The government<O:P>
<BR>(B)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>The
economy<O:P> <BR>(C)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>The clan structure<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>The religion<O:P>
</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: -12pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>25.Which of the following statements about Amish beliefs
does the passage support?<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 19.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -19.5pt; tab-stops: 19.5pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>A variety of religious
practices is tolerated.<O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Individualism and competition
are important.<O:P> <BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Pre-modern technology is
preferred.<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>People are defined according to their class.<O:P>
</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: -12pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>26.Which of the following would probably NOT be found in
a folk culture?<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 19.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -19.5pt; tab-stops: 19.5pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>A carpenter<O:P>
<BR>(B)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>A
farmer<O:P> <BR>(C)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>A weaver<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>A banker<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: -12pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>27.The word "prevails" in line 23 is closest in meaning
to<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18.75pt; tab-stops: 18.75pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>dominates<O:P>
<BR>(B)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>provides<O:P> <BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>develops<O:P>
<BR>(D)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>invests<O:P>
</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: -12pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>28.The word "their" in line 26 refer to
<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 19.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -19.5pt; tab-stops: 19.5pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>folk<O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>nations<O:P>
<BR>(C)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>countries<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>objects<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: -12pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>29.Which of the following is NOT given as a reason why
folk-made objects are replaced by mass-produced objects?<O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18.75pt; tab-stops: 18.75pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Cost <O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Prestige<O:P>
<BR>(C)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>Quality<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>Convenience<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
<BR></FONT></SPAN></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
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