/*  This Code is Submitted by wywcgs for Problem 2111 on 2005-10-07 at 19:20:16 */ 
#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
	int n, sum;
	int i, j, test, t;
	
	scanf("%d", &test);
	for(i = 0; i < test; i++) {
		sum = 1;
		scanf("%d", &n);
		for(j = 0; j < n; j++) {
			scanf("%d", &t);
			sum += t-1;
		}
		printf("%d\n", sum);
	}
	
	return 0;
}