The TJA1051 is a high-speed CAN transceiver that provides an interface between aController Area Network (CAN) protocol controller and the physical two-wire CAN bus.The transceiver is designed for high-speed (up to 1 Mbit/s) CAN applications in theautomotive INdustry, providing differential transmit and receive capability to (amicrocontroller with) a CAN protocol controller.
標簽： High-speed transce 1051 TJA
上傳時間： 2013-10-17
上傳用戶：jisujeke
多功能高集成外圍器件6. 1 多功能高集成外圍器件82371PCI的英文名稱：Peripheral Component Interconnect （外圍部件互聯PCI總線）；82371是PCI總線組件。ISA是：INdustry Standard Architecture（工業標準體系結構）IDE是 （Integrated Device Electronics）集成電路設備簡稱PIIX4PIIX4器件（芯片）的特點1、是一種支持Pentium和PentiumII微處理器的部件。2、82371對ISA橋來說，是一種多功能PCI總線。3、對可移動性和桌面深綠色環境均提供支持。4、電源管理邏輯。5、被集成化的IDE控制器。6、增強了性能的DMA控制器。 （7）基于兩個82C59的中斷控制器。（8）基于82C54芯片的定時器。（9）USB（Universal Serial Bus）通用串行總線。（10）SMBus系統管理總線。（11）實時時鐘（12）順應Microsoft Win95所需的功能其芯片的邏輯框圖如圖6-1所示。 PIIX4芯片邏輯框圖6.1.1 概述PIIX4芯片是一個多功能的PCI器件，圖6-2 是82371在系統中扮演的角色。（續上圖）1. PCI與EIO之間的橋（PIIX4芯片）橋是不對程的，是各類不同標準總線與PCI總線連接，82371AB橋也可理解為一種總線轉換譯碼器和控制器，橋內包含復雜的協議總線信號和緩沖器。(1).在PCI系統內，當PIIX4操作時，它總是作為系統內各種模塊的主控設備，如USB和DMA控制器、IDE總線和分布式DMA的主控設備等，而且總是以ISA主控設備的名義出現。(2). 在向ISA總線或IDE總線進行傳送操作的傳送周期期間作為從屬設備使用，并對內部寄存器譯碼。PIIX4芯片（橋）的配置(1).可以把PIIX4芯片配置成整個ISA總線，或ISA總線的子集，也可擴展成EIO總線。在使用EIO總線時，可以把未使用的信號配置成通用的輸入和輸出。(2).PIIX4可直接驅動5個ISA插槽；(3).能提供字節-交換邏輯、I/O的恢復支持、等待狀態的生成以及SYSCLK的生成。(4).提供X-BUS鍵盤控制器芯片、BIOS芯片、實時時鐘芯片、二級微程序器等的選擇。2. IDE接口（總線主控設備的權利和同步DMA方式）IDE接口為4個IDE的設備提供支持，比如IDE接口的硬盤和CD-ROM等。注意：目前硬盤接口有5類：IDE、SCSI、Fibre Channel、IEEE1394和USB等。IDE口幾乎在PC機最多，因為便宜。SCSI多用于服務器和集群機。IDE的PIO IDE速率：14MB/s；而總線主控設備IDE的速率：33MB/s在PIIX4芯片的IDE系統內，配有兩個各次獨立的IDE信號通道。3. 具有兼容性的模塊—DMA、定時器/計數器、中斷控制器等（1）在PIIX4內的兩各82C37 DMA控制器經邏輯的組合，產生7個獨立的可編程通道。通道[0：3]是通過與8個二進位的硬件連線實現的。通過以字節為單位的計數進行傳送。而通道[5：7]是通過16個二進位的連線實現的，以字為單位的計數進行傳送。（2）DMA控制器還能通過PCI總線，處理舊的DMA的兩個不同的方法提供支持。（3）計數/定時器模塊在功能上與82C54等價。（4）中斷控制器與ISA兼容，其功能是兩個82C59的功能之和。
上傳時間： 2013-11-19
上傳用戶：3到15
計算機部件要具有通用性，適應不同系統與不同用戶的需求，設計必須模塊化。計算機部件產品(模塊)供應出現多元化。模塊之間的聯接關系要標準化，使模塊具有通用性。模塊設計必須基于一種大多數廠商認可的模塊聯接關系，即一種總線標準。總線的標準總線是一類信號線的集合是模塊間傳輸信息的公共通道，通過它，計算機各部件間可進行各種數據和命令的傳送。為使不同供應商的產品間能夠互換，給用戶更多的選擇，總線的技術規范要標準化。總線的標準制定要經周密考慮，要有嚴格的規定。總線標準（技術規范）包括以下幾部分：機械結構規范：模塊尺寸、總線插頭、總線接插件以及按裝尺寸均有統一規定。功能規范：總線每條信號線（引腳的名稱）、功能以及工作過程要有統一規定。電氣規范：總線每條信號線的有效電平、動態轉換時間、負載能力等。總線的發展情況S-100總線：產生于1975年，第一個標準化總線，為微計算機技術發展起到了推動作用。IBM-PC個人計算機采用總線結構（INdustry Standard Architecture, ISA)并成為工業化的標準。先后出現8位ISA總線、16位ISA總線以及后來兼容廠商推出的EISA（Extended ISA)32位ISA總線。為了適應微處理器性能的提高及I/O模塊更高吞吐率的要求，出現了VL-Bus(VESA Local Bus)和PCI(Peripheral Component Interconnect,PCI）總線。適合小型化要求的PCMCIA(Personal Computer Memory Card International Association)總線，用于筆記本計算機的功能擴展。總線的指標計算機主機性能迅速提高,各功能模塊性能也要相應提高,這對總線性能提出更高的要求。總線主要技術指標有幾方面：總線寬度：一次操作可以傳輸的數據位數，如S100為8位，ISA為16位，EISA為32位，PCI-2可達64位。總線寬度不會超過微處理器外部數據總線的寬度。總數工作頻率：總線信號中有一個CLK時鐘，CLK越高每秒鐘傳輸的數據量越大。ISA、EISA為8MHz，PCI為33.3MHz, PCI-2可達達66.6MHz。單個數據傳輸周期：不同的傳輸方式，每個數據傳輸所用CLK周期數不同。ISA要2個，PCI用1個CLK周期。這決定總線最高數據傳輸率。5. 總線的分類與層次系統總線：是微處理器芯片對外引線信號的延伸或映射，是微處理器與片外存儲器及I/0接口傳輸信息的通路。系統總線信號按功能可分為三類：地址總線（Where）：指出數據的來源與去向。地址總線的位數決定了存儲空間的大小。系統總線：數據總線（What）提供模塊間傳輸數據的路徑，數據總線的位數決定微處理器結構的復雜度及總體性能。控制總線（When）：提供系統操作所必需的控制信號，對操作過程進行控制與定時。擴充總線：亦稱設備總線，用于系統I/O擴充。與系統總線工作頻率不同，經接口電路對系統總統信號緩沖、變換、隔離，進行不同層次的操作（ISA、EISA、MCA)局部總線：擴充總線不能滿足高性能設備（圖形、視頻、網絡）接口的要求，在系統總線與擴充總線之間插入一層總線。由于它經橋接器與系統總線直接相連，因此稱之為局部總線（PCI）。
上傳時間： 2013-11-09
上傳用戶：nshark
The AT89C52 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcomputer with 8Kbytes of Flash programmable and erasable read only memory (PEROM). The deviceis manufactured using Atmel’s high-density nonvolatile memory technology and iscompatible with the INdustry-standard 80C51 and 80C52 instruction set and pinout.The on-chip Flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed in-system or by aconventional nonvolatile memory programmer. By combining a versatile 8-bit CPUwith Flash on a monolithic chip, the Atmel AT89C52 is a powerful microcomputerwhich provides a highly-flexible and cost-effective solution to many embedded controlapplications.
上傳時間： 2013-11-10
上傳用戶：1427796291
As businesses and consumers expect more fromportable electronics, the FPGA INdustry has beencompelled to re-think how it serves these low-power,cost-sensitive markets. Application classes like
上傳時間： 2013-11-10
上傳用戶：XLHrest
This white paper discusses how market trends, the need for increased productivity, and new legislation have accelerated the use of safety systems in industrial machinery. This TÜV-qualified FPGA design methodology is changing the paradigms of safety designs and will greatly reduce development effort, system complexity, and time to market. This allows FPGA users to design their own customized safety controllers and provides a significant competitive advantage over traditional microcontroller or ASIC-based designs. Introduction The basic motivation of deploying functional safety systems is to ensure safe operation as well as safe behavior in cases of failure. Examples of functional safety systems include train brakes, proximity sensors for hazardous areas around machines such as fast-moving robots, and distributed control systems in process automation equipment such as those used in petrochemical plants. The International Electrotechnical Commission’s standard, IEC 61508: “Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related systems,” is understood as the standard for designing safety systems for electrical, electronic, and programmable electronic (E/E/PE) equipment. This standard was developed in the mid-1980s and has been revised several times to cover the technical advances in various industries. In addition, derivative standards have been developed for specific markets and applications that prescribe the particular requirements on functional safety systems in these INdustry applications. Example applications include process automation (IEC 61511), machine automation (IEC 62061), transportation (railway EN 50128), medical (IEC 62304), automotive (ISO 26262), power generation, distribution, and transportation. 圖Figure 1. Local Safety System
上傳時間： 2013-11-05
上傳用戶：維子哥哥
The standard that governs the design of avioniccomponents and systems, DO-254, is one of the mostpoorly understood but widely applicable standardsin the avionic INdustry. While information on thegeneral aspects of the standard is easy to obtain, thedetails of exactly how to implement the standard aresketchy. And once an entity develops a process thatachieves compliance, the details of how compliancewas achieved become part of the intellectualproperty of that entity. This white paper focuses onthe details of developing a DO-254 compliantprocess for the design of FPGAs.
上傳時間： 2013-11-12
上傳用戶：q123321
According to CIBC World Markets, Equity Research, theFlat Panel Display (FPD) INdustry has achieved sufficientcritical mass for its growth to explode. Thus, it can nowattract the right blend of capital investments and R&Dresources to drive technical innovation toward continuousimprovement in view quality, manufacturing efficiency,and system integration. These in turn are sustainingconsumer interest, penetration, revenue growth, and thepotential for increasing long-term profitability for INdustryparticipants. CIBC believes that three essential conditionsare now converging to drive the market forward
上傳時間： 2013-10-18
上傳用戶：日光微瀾
The LogiCORE™ GTP Wizard automates the task of creating HDL wrappers to configure the high-speed serial GTP transceivers in Virtex™-5 LXT and SXT devices. The menu-driven interface allows one or more GTP transceivers to be configured using pre-definedtemplates for popular INdustry standards, or from scratch, to support a wide variety of custom protocols.The Wizard produces a wrapper, an example design, and a testbench for rapid integration and verification of the serial interface with your custom function Features• Creates customized HDL wrappers to configureVirtex-5 RocketIO™ GTP transceivers• Users can configure Virtex-5 GTP transceivers toconform to INdustry standard protocols usingpredefined templates, or tailor the templates forcustom protocols• Included protocol templates provide support for thefollowing specifications: Aurora, CPRI, FibreChannel 1x, Gigabit Ethernet, HD-SDI, OBSAI,OC3, OC12, OC48, PCI Express® (PCIe®), SATA,SATA II, and XAUI• Automatically configures analog settings• Each custom wrapper includes example design, testbench; and both implementation and simulation scripts
標簽： Transceiver Virtex Wizar GTP
上傳時間： 2013-10-23
上傳用戶：leyesome
The field of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), particularly micromachinedmechanical transducers, has been expanding over recent years, and the productioncosts of these devices continue to fall. Using materials, fabrication processes, anddesign tools originally developed for the microelectronic circuits INdustry, newtypes of microengineered device are evolving all the time—many offering numerousadvantages over their traditional counterparts. The electrical properties of siliconhave been well understood for many years, but it is the mechanical properties thathave been exploited in many examples of MEMS. This book may seem slightlyunusual in that it has four editors. However, since we all work together in this fieldwithin the School of Electronics and Computer Science at the University of Southampton,it seemed natural to work together on a project like this. MEMS are nowappearing as part of the syllabus for both undergraduate and postgraduate coursesat many universities, and we hope that this book will complement the teaching thatis taking place in this area.
上傳時間： 2013-10-16
上傳用戶：朗朗乾坤
