軟件開發人員必備工具書，，目錄如下Welcome to Software Construction [1]1.1 What Is Software Construction?1.2 Why Is Software Construction Important?1.3 How to Read This Book......7.1 Valid Reasons to Create a Routine7.2 Design at the Routine Level7.3 Good Routine Names7.4 How Long Can a Routine Be?7.5 How to Use Routine Parameters7.6 Special Considerations in the Use of Functions7.7 Macro Routines and Inline RoutinesDefensive Programming [5.6 + new material]8.1 Protecting Your Program From Invalid Inputs8.2 Assertions8.3 Error Handling Techniques8.4 Exceptions8.5 Barricade Your Program to Contain the Damage Caused by Errors8.6 Debugging Aids8.7 Determining How Much Defensive Programming to Leave in Production Code8.8 Being Defensive About Defensive ProgrammingThe Pseudocode Programming Process [4+new material]9.1 Summary of Steps in Building Classes and Routines9.2 Pseudocode for Pros9.3 Constructing Routines Using the PPP9.4 Alternatives to the PPP......
基于LabVIEW2012FPGA模式的數據采集和存儲系統摘 要：為了提高數據采集系統精度，減少開發成本，提高開發效率，基于LabVIEW虛擬儀器開發工具研究并設計了一
種數據采集系統。該系統采用FPGA編程模式和網絡流技術實現大批量數據實時傳輸，并對數據進行分析處理和存儲。系
統硬件采用美國NI實時控制器CRIO?9025，實現16路數據可靠采集與存儲。實驗仿真及實際運行結果表明該數據采集系
統能夠精確地對數據進行實時采集以及分析處理，達到了項目要求。
關鍵詞：FPGA；FIFO；網絡流；數據采集系統；SQL數據庫
中圖分類號：TN98?34 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1004?373X（2014）14?0142?04
Data acquisition and storage system based on LabVIEW 2012FPGA pattern
WANG Shu?dong1,2
，WEI Kong?zhen1
，LI Xiao?pei1
（1. College of Electrical and Information Engineering，Lanzhou University of Technology，Lanzhou 730050，China；
2. Gansu Key Laboratory for Advanced Industrial Process Control，Lanzhou 730050，China）
本文主要介紹如何在Wado設計套件中進行時序約束，原文出自 xilinx中文社區。1 Timing Constraints in Vivado-UCF to xdcVivado軟件相比于sE的一大轉變就是約束文件，5E軟件支持的是UcF（User Constraints file，而 Vivado軟件轉換到了XDc（Xilinx Design Constraints）。XDC主要基于SDc（Synopsys Design Constraints）標準，另外集成了Xinx的一些約束標準可以說這一轉變是xinx向業界標準的靠攏。Altera從 TimeQuest開始就一直使用SDc標準，這一改變，相信對于很多工程師來說是好事，兩個平臺之間的轉換會更加容易些。首先看一下業界標準SDc的原文介紹：Synopsys widely-used design constraints format, known as sDc, describes the design intent"and surrounding constraints for synthesis, clocking, timing, power, test and environmental and operating conditions. sDc has been in use and evolving for more than 20 years, making it the most popular and proven format for describing design constraints. Essentially all synthesized designs use SDc and numerous EDa companies have translators that can read and process sDc
以AT89S52單片機為控制核心,采用電容降壓技術,Buck電路拓撲,PWM驅動模塊和功率器件散熱設計,通過高速的數據采集、主功率輸入輸出模塊和控制模塊,設計一種新型智能車載充電器.在充電過程中,通過負脈沖瞬間放電實現對鉛酸蓄電池的再生修復,提高電池的有效容量,延長使用壽命.該充電器體積小、速度快、效率高、可靠性好.With AT89S52 single chip computer as the control core,a new type of intelligent car-carried charger was designed by using capacitance step-down technology,Buck circuit topology,PWM driving module and power device heat dissipation design,through high-speed data acquisition,main power input and output module and control module.In the charging process,the regeneration and repair of lead-acid batteries are realized by instantaneous discharge of negative pulse,which improves the effective capacity of batteries and prolongs their service life.The charger has the advantages of small size,fast speed,high efficiency and good reliability.
學習本章要達到的目標：口1.理解 Linux內核編譯選項的含義口2.學會根據不同的硬件配置裁減定制內核；口3.理解內核編譯過程中每一步的功能，并編譯 Linux2.630內核。需要去重新編譯 Linux內核口增加操作系統對新的硬件設備的支持口增加內核新的功能口對內核代碼或內核配置進行優化時Prompt for development and/or incomplete code/drivers口顯示處于開發調試中或尚未完善的代碼或驅口選中：如果是測試人員或者開發者；口不選：其他情況Local version append to kerne release口追加本地版本號口使用命令“uname-a”進行查看。POSIX Message Queues口 POSIX消息隊列的支持，這是 POSIX進程間通信的一部分BSD Process Accounting口將進程的統計信息寫入文件口信息通常包括建立時間、所有者、命令名稱、內存使用、控制終端等，這個選項一般是選擇的。Enable loadable module support口使能可加載模塊支持口如果使能此選項則可以通過"makemodules_insta"把內核模塊安裝在/lib/modules/中Kernel support for ELF binaries口內核對ELF文件格式的支持口ELF是開放平臺下最常用的二進制文件格式支持動態連接，支持不同的硬件平臺Kernel support for a out and ECOFF binaries口早期UNIX系統的可執行文件格式，目前已經被ELF格式取代Unix domain sockets口本機高效率的 Socket口僅能運行在本機上的高效率的 Socket，簡稱 Unix socket?？诤芏噙M程使用為這種機制在操作系統內部進行進程間通信，例如 X Window和 syslog等TCP/IP networking口TcP/IP網絡協議的支持
以單片機控制A/D轉換器TLC549為例,對A/D轉換器的主要技術指標進行了分析研究,在Proteus平臺下,完成了A/D轉換電路的構建,采用器件工作時序方式進行程序編寫,借助仿真圖表、虛擬儀器等工具對A/D轉換的數據進行測量并對失調誤差、增益誤差、微分非線性、積分非線性和轉換時間等重要參數進行了詳細分析。結果表明:使用Proteus軟件可對A/D轉換過程進行定性分析,將抽象的A/D轉換器技術指標直觀化、形象化展現出來,有助于學生更好地理解A/D轉換過程。The main technical indicators of A/D converter were analyzed and studied with an example from A/D converter TLC2543 which is controlled by using SCM.It was completed the construction of the A/D converter circuit under the Proteus software.The programming based on the operation sequence of the chip is put forward.With the aid of the simulation tools such as virtual instrument,simulation charts provided by Proteus,the important parameters of circuit such as offset error,gain error,differential nonlinearity(DNL),integral nonlinearity (INL) and conversion time are analyzed detailedly.Simulation results show that the A/D conversion process can be qualitatively analyzed and visualized the abstract indicators of A/D.The system can help students better to understand the SCM conversion process.
搶答器是一種智力競賽常用的器件,搶答器的設計方法千差萬別,文章利用常用的數字電子器件,設計了八路搶答器電路的設計、仿真及實現的全過程,提出兩種可行的設計方案:方案1采用74ls373實現電路鎖存,74ls148實現電路編碼,74ls74及數碼管實現電路顯示;方案二采用CD4511BCN和LMC555CM集成電路及數碼管實現搶答器的控制和顯示。本文設計用的器件簡單,容易理解,適用于初學電子技術的人員。Answer scrambler is a common device in intelligence competition, and its design methods vary greatly. This paper designs the whole process of design, simulation and Realization of the circuit of eight-way answer scrambler by using common digital electronic devices, and puts forward two feasible design schemes: scheme 1 uses 74 ls373 to realize circuit latching, 74 ls148 to realize circuit coding,74 ls74 and digital tube to realize circuit. The second scheme uses CD4511 BCN, LMC555 CM integrated circuit and digital tube to control and display the answerer. The device designed in this paper is simple and easy to understand, and it is suitable for the beginners of electronic technology.
應用無跡卡爾曼濾波算法（UKF）進行鋰電池的SOC估計,采用Thevenin二階RC等效電路模型,對HPPC電池脈沖充放電實驗數據進行Matlab處理,得到較為準確的模型.通過在Matlab中編寫算法程序,對不同工況的估計值與實際值進行誤差估算及對比分析,通過此算法進行SOC估計,得到該算法可有效降低系統誤差并糾正SOC的初值偏差.The non trace Calman filter （UKF） is applied to the SOC estimation of lithium battery. The Thevenin two order RC equivalent circuit model is used to process the HPPC battery pulse charge discharge experimental data by Matlab processing, and a more accurate model is obtained. By writing algorithm program in Matlab, the error estimation and comparison analysis of the estimated value and actual value of different states are carried out, and the SOC estimation is carried out by this algorithm. The algorithm can effectively reduce the system error and correct the initial value deviation of the SOC.
