Construction Strategy of ESD Protection CircuitAbstract： The PRINCIPLES used to construct ESD protection on circuits and the basic conceptions of ESD protection design are presented.Key words：ESD protection/On circuit, ESD design window, ESD current path1 引言靜電放電（ESD，Electrostatic Discharge）給電子器件環境會帶來破壞性的后果。它是造成集成電路失效的主要原因之一。隨著集成電路工藝不斷發展，互補金屬氧化物半導體（CMOS，Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor）的特征尺寸不斷縮小，金屬氧化物半導體(MOS, Metal-Oxide Semiconductor)的柵氧厚度越來越薄，MOS 管能承受的電流和電壓也越來越小，因此要進一步優化電路的抗ESD 性能，需要從全芯片ESD 保護結構的設計來進行考慮。
介紹基于VHDL的微型打印機控制器的設計。論述了微型打印機的基本原理，以及實現控制器的VHDL語言設計。打印機的數據來自系統中的存儲模塊，根據需要控制打印。該微型打印機控制器可取代傳統的微型打印機,且抗干擾性好,可靠性高，具有較強的移植性，稍加改動就可應用于不同場合。
Abstract:
This paper introduced the design method of micro printer controller based on VHDL.The basic PRINCIPLES of microprinter is explained,as well as the realization of the controller by VHDL language.The printer data is from the system memory modules,can control printer.The design of microprinter controller has antigood and high reliability，it can replace the traditional printer.The controller has very good portability,and need little modify that can use in different situation.
針對目前采用的熱敏電阻測量方法，提出了采用單總線數字式溫度傳感器DS18B20和單片機組成的新型溫度測量儀。介紹DS18B20的結構和工作原理，以及單總線工作原理，給出了由Mega8單片機和DS18B20構成的單總線溫度測量儀的硬件電路及軟件流程圖。經試驗基于單總線器件DS18B20的溫度測量儀，具有測量準確、測溫范圍寬、體積小、控制方便等優點。
Abstract:
This paper brings forward a new temperature meter composed of 1-Wire temperature sensor DS18B20 and MCU which has advantage of the thermistor. In the article, the DS18B20＇s structure and controlling PRINCIPLES are introduced and hardware circuit and software diagram of the temperature meter are given.After been tested,the temperature meter has the advantages of accurate measurement, wide temperature range, small volume and convenient controlling.
介紹基于ATmega8型單片機的溫度測量及加熱控制系統。分析系統的工作原理，詳盡討論系統的硬件電路和軟件流程。實驗證明，該系統工作可靠，穩定性高。
Abstract:
The new temperature measuring and heating control system based on ATmega8 MCU is introduced.The system’s working PRINCIPLES is analyzed.The design PRINCIPLES of hardware and software are also discussed in detail.This system has been testified and it works steady and reliably.
針對當前安檢力學試驗機所能完成的試驗種類單一、自動化程度低等問題，提出一種以ATmega128單片機為核心控制器的安檢力學試驗機的設計。詳細闡述了該安檢力學試驗機各個組成部分的設計原理和方案，并且給出了各部分的軟件設計思想和操作流程。經過大量測試試驗表明：設計的安檢力學試驗機可以完成多達十余種的力學安檢試驗，完全符合相關國家標準，并且具有數據采集精度高、傳輸速度快、操作安全簡便等特點，實現了安檢設備的多功能化、數字化和自動化。
Abstract:
Currently， many mechanical security testing machines have only one function. The degree of automation of them is low. To solve those problems， a new kind of mechanical security testing machine， using ATmega128 micro-controller as its core controller， has been advanced. It describes the components of the machine. The PRINCIPLES and the scheme in the designing processes are presented in detail， and the software architecture and the operation processes of each part are given. After having done many testing， we have reached the following conclusions: the mechanical security testing machine presented can do over ten mechanical security tests complying with related national standards. It has high data acquisition accuracy and high transmission speed. The operation of the machine is simple and safe. In general， this machine is a multi-functional， highly automatic， digitalized security testing device.
為了在CDMA系統中更好地應用QDPSK數字調制方式，在分析四相相對移相（QDPSK)信號調制解調原理的基礎上，設計了一種QDPSK調制解調電路，它包括串并轉換、差分編碼、四相載波產生和選相、相干解調、差分譯碼和并串轉換電路。在MAX+PLUSⅡ軟件平臺上，進行了編譯和波形仿真。綜合后下載到復雜可編程邏輯器件EPM7128SLC84-15中，測試結果表明，調制電路能正確選相，解調電路輸出數據與QDPSK調制輸入數據完全一致，達到了預期的設計要求。
Abstract:
In order to realize the better application of digital modulation mode QDPSK in the CDMA system， a sort of QDPSK modulation-demodulation circuit was designed based on the analysis of QDPSK signal modulation-demodulation PRINCIPLES. It included serial/parallel conversion circuit, differential encoding circuit, four-phase carrier wave produced and phase chosen circuit, coherent demodulation circuit, difference decoding circuit and parallel/serial conversion circuit. And it was compiled and simulated on the MAX+PLUSⅡ software platform,and downloaded into the CPLD of EPM7128SLC84-15.The test result shows that the modulation circuit can exactly choose the phase，and the output data of the demodulator circuit is the same as the input data of the QDPSK modulate. The circuit achieves the prospective requirement of the design.
This book is about the digital logic design of microprocessors. It is intended to provide both an understanding of the basic PRINCIPLES of digital logic design, and how these fundamental PRINCIPLES are applied in the building of complex microprocessor circuits using current technologies.
為了在CDMA系統中更好地應用QDPSK數字調制方式，在分析四相相對移相（QDPSK)信號調制解調原理的基礎上，設計了一種QDPSK調制解調電路，它包括串并轉換、差分編碼、四相載波產生和選相、相干解調、差分譯碼和并串轉換電路。在MAX+PLUSⅡ軟件平臺上，進行了編譯和波形仿真。綜合后下載到復雜可編程邏輯器件EPM7128SLC84-15中，測試結果表明，調制電路能正確選相，解調電路輸出數據與QDPSK調制輸入數據完全一致，達到了預期的設計要求。
Abstract:
In order to realize the better application of digital modulation mode QDPSK in the CDMA system， a sort of QDPSK modulation-demodulation circuit was designed based on the analysis of QDPSK signal modulation-demodulation PRINCIPLES. It included serial/parallel conversion circuit, differential encoding circuit, four-phase carrier wave produced and phase chosen circuit, coherent demodulation circuit, difference decoding circuit and parallel/serial conversion circuit. And it was compiled and simulated on the MAX+PLUSⅡ software platform,and downloaded into the CPLD of EPM7128SLC84-15.The test result shows that the modulation circuit can exactly choose the phase，and the output data of the demodulator circuit is the same as the input data of the QDPSK modulate. The circuit achieves the prospective requirement of the design.
One of the most important issues affecting
the implementation of microcontroller
software deals with the data-decision
algorithm. Data-decision refers to decoding
the DIO-pin from the CC400/CC900. Two
main PRINCIPLES exist for decoding
Manchester-coded data: Data decision
based on timing the period between
transitions, and data decision based on
oversampling.
