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At present, there is a strong worldwide push toward bringing fiber closer to indi-
vidual homes and businesses. Fiber-to-the-Home/Business (FTTH/B) or close to it
networks are poised to become the next major success story for optical fiber com-
munications. In fact, FTTH connections are currently experiencing double-digit or
even higher growth rates, e.g., in the United States the annual growth rate was 112%
between September 2006 and September 2007, and their presence can add value of
U.S. $4,000–15,000 to the selling price of a home.
This book is an entry-level text on the technology of telecommunications. It has been
crafted with the newcomer in mind. The eighteen chapters of text have been prepared
for high-school graduates who understand algebra, logarithms, and basic electrical prin-
ciples such as Ohm’s law. However, many users require support in these areas so Appen-
dices A and B review the essentials of electricity and mathematics through logarithms.
This book is an entry-level text on the technology of telecommunications. It has been
crafted with the newcomer in mind. The twenty-one chapters of text have been prepared
for high-school graduates who understand algebra, logarithms, and the basic principles of
electricity such as Ohm’s law. However, it is appreciated that many readers require support
in these areas. Appendices A and B review the essentials of electricity and mathematics
up through logarithms. This material was placed in the appendices so as not to distract
from the main theme, the technology of telecommunication systems. Another topic that
many in the industry find difficult is the use of decibels and derived units. Appendix C
provides the reader a basic understanding of decibels and their applications. The only
mathematics necessary is an understanding of the powers of ten
This books presents the research work of COST 273 Towards Mobile Broadband Multimedia
Networks, hence, it reports on the work performed and on the results achieved within the project
by its participants. The material presented here corresponds to the results obtained in four years
of collaborative work by more than 350 researchers from 137 institutions (universities, operators,
manufacturers, regulators, independent laboratories and others – a full list is provided in Appendix
B) belonging to 29 countries (mainly European, but also from Asia and North America) in the area of
mobileradio. Theobjectiveofpublishingtheseresultsasabookisessentiallytomakethemavailable
to an audience wider than the project. In fact, it just follows a ‘tradition’ of previous COST Actions
in this area of telecommunications, i.e. COST 207, 231 and 259.
This edition updates and continues the series of books based on the residential
courses on radiowave propagation organised by the IEE/IET.
The first course was held in 1974, with lectures by H. Page, P. Matthews,
D. Parsons, M.W. Gough, P.A. Watson, E. Hickin, T. Pratt, P. Knight, T.B. Jones,
P.A. Bradley, B. Burgess and H. Rishbeth.
In this thesis several asp ects of space-time pro cessing and equalization for wire-
less communications are treated. We discuss several di?erent metho ds of improv-
ing estimates of space-time channels, such as temp oral parametrization, spatial
parametrization, reduced rank channel estimation, b o otstrap channel estimation,
and joint estimation of an FIR channel and an AR noise mo del. In wireless commu-
nication the signal is often sub ject to intersymb ol interference as well as interfer-
ence from other users.
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) phenomena have been known to mankind since Thales of
Miletus in approximately 600 B.C.E. noticed the attraction of strands of hay to amber.
Two thousand six hundred years have passed and the quest to obtain a better under-
standing of electrostatics and ESD phenomenon continues. Today, the manufacturing
of microelectronics has continued the interest in the field of electrostatic phenomenon
spanning factory issues, tooling, materials, and the microelectronic industry
