The Internet of Things is considered to be the next big opportunity, and challenge, for the Internet engineering community, users of technology, companies and society as a whole. It involves connecting embedded devices such as sensors, home appliances, weather stations and even toys to Internet Protocol (IP) based networks. The number of IP-enabled embedded devices is increasing rapidly, and although hard to estimate, will surely outnumber the number of personal computers (PCs) and servers in the future. With the advances made over the past decade in microcontroller,low-power radio, battery and microelectronic technology, the trend in the industry is for smart embedded devices (called smart objects) to become IP-enabled, and an integral part of the latest services on the Internet. These services are no longer cyber, just including data created by humans, but are to become very connected to the physical world around us by including sensor data, the monitoring and control of machines, and other kinds of physical context. We call this latest frontier of the Internet, consisting of wireless low-power embedded devices, the Wireless Embedded Internet. Applications that this new frontier of the Internet enable are critical to the sustainability, efficiency and safety of society and include home and building automation, healthcare, energy efficiency, smart grids and environmental monitoring to name just a few.
標簽： Embedded Internet Wireless 6LoWPAN The
上傳時間： 2020-05-26
上傳用戶：shancjb
Radio frequency (RF) power amplifiers are used in everyday life for many applica- tions including cellular phones, magnetic resonance imaging, semiconductor wafer processing for chip manufacturing, etc. Therefore, the design and performance of RF amplifiers carry great importance for the proper functionality of these devices. Furthermore, several industrial and military applications require low-profile yet high-powered and efficient power amplifiers.
標簽： Introduction Amplifier Design Power to RF
上傳時間： 2020-05-27
上傳用戶：shancjb
An optical fiber amplifier is a key component for enabling efficient transmission of wavelength-divisionmultiplexed(WDM)signalsoverlongdistances.Eventhough many alternative technologies were available, erbium-doped fiber amplifiers won theraceduringtheearly1990sandbecameastandardcomponentforlong-haulopti- caltelecommunicationssystems.However,owingtotherecentsuccessinproducing low-cost, high-power, semiconductor lasers operating near 1450 nm, the Raman amplifiertechnologyhasalsogainedprominenceinthedeploymentofmodernlight- wavesystems.Moreover,becauseofthepushforintegratedoptoelectroniccircuits, semiconductor optical amplifiers, rare-earth-doped planar waveguide amplifiers, and silicon optical amplifiers are also gaining much interest these days.
標簽： Propagation Light Media Gain in
上傳時間： 2020-05-27
上傳用戶：shancjb
In order to improve the spectral efficiency in wireless communications, multiple antennas are employed at both transmitter and receiver sides, where the resulting system is referred to as the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system. In MIMO systems, it is usually requiredto detect signals jointly as multiple signals are transmitted through multiple signal paths between the transmitter and the receiver. This joint detection becomes the MIMO detection.
標簽： Complexity Detection MIMO Low
上傳時間： 2020-05-27
上傳用戶：shancjb
For nearly a hundred years telecommunications provided mainly voice services and very low speed data (telegraph and telex). With the advent of the Internet, several data services became mainstream in telecommunications; to the point that voice is becoming an accessory to IP-centric data networks. Today, high-speed data services are already part of our daily lives at work and at home (web surfing, e-mail, virtual private networks, VoIP, virtual meetings, chats...). The demand for high-speed data services will grow even more with the increasing number of people telecommuting.
上傳時間： 2020-05-27
上傳用戶：shancjb
Microwave radio network design is a subset of activities that constitute the overall transmission network design. Transmission networks are sometimes called transport networks, access networks, or connectivity networks. For many wireless carriers, microwave is becoming a popu- lar preference over wireline (leased lines) transport for many reasons, especially as microwave radio equipment costs decrease and installation becomes simpler. Low monthly operating costs can undercut those of typical single (and especially multiple) T1/E1 expenses, proving it to be more economical over the long term—usually two to four years. Network operators also like the fact that they can own and control microwave radio networks instead of relying on other service providers for network components.
標簽： Transmission Microwave Networks
上傳時間： 2020-05-28
上傳用戶：shancjb
Never have telecommunications operations and network management been so important. Never has it been more important to move away from practices that date back to the very beginning of the telecommunications industry. Building and con- necting systems internally at low cost, on an as - needed basis, and adding software for supporting new networks and services without an overall architectural design will not be cost effective for the future. Defi ning operations and network manage- ment requirements at the 11th hour for new technologies, networks, and services deployments must also change.
標簽： Telecommunications Generation Networks Next
上傳時間： 2020-05-31
上傳用戶：shancjb
The first gem of wisdom I ever acquired about consulting, obtained many years ago from a former schoolmate, was to ensure that everything is plugged in: no continuity, no data. Wires carry voltages and currents from one place to another. Their behavior is reasonably simple and predictable—at least for sufficiently low data rates and short lengths—and they can be seen, grabbed, traced, and tugged.
標簽： RF Engineering
上傳時間： 2020-06-01
上傳用戶：shancjb
The single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) system is a well-known system that has recently become a preferred choice for mobile uplink channels. This is attributed to its advantages such as the low peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) and the use of frequency domain equalizers. Low PAPR allows the system to relax the specifications of linearity in the power amplifier of the mobile terminal, which reduces cost and power consumption.
標簽： Communications SC-FDMA Mobile for
上傳時間： 2020-06-01
上傳用戶：shancjb
Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology enables high data-rate short-range communica- tion, in excess of hundredmegabit-per-secondsand up to multi-gigabit-per-seconds, over a wide spectrum of frequencies, while keeping power consumption at low lev- els. This low power operation results in a less-interfering co-existence with other existed communication technologies (e.g., UNII bands). In addition to carrying a huge amount of data over a distance of up to 230 feet at very low power (less than 0.5mW), the UWB signal has the ability to penetrate through the doors and other obstacles that tend to reflect signals at more limited bandwidths and higher power densities.
標簽： Silicon-Based Front-Ends RF
上傳時間： 2020-06-01
上傳用戶：shancjb
