Occasionally, we are tasked with designing circuitry for aspecific purpose. The request may have customer originsor it may be an in-house requirement. Alternately, a circuitmay be developed because its possibility is simply tooattractive to ignore1. Over time, these circuits accumulate,encompassing a wide and useful body of proven capabilities.They also represent substantial effort. These considerationsmake publication an almost obligatory propositionand, as such, a group of circuits is presented here. This isnot the first time we have displayed such wares and, giventhe encouraging reader response, it will not be the last2.Eighteen circuits are included in this latest effort, roughlyarranged in the categories given in this publication’s title.They appear at the next paragraph.
Portable, battery-powered operation of electronic apparatushas become increasingly desirable. Medical, remotedata acquisition, power monitoring and other applicationsare good candidates for batteryoperation. In some circumstances,due to space, power or reliability considerations,it is preferable to operate the circuitry from a single 1.5Vcell. Unfortunately, a 1.5V supply eliminates almost alllinear ICs as design candidates. In fact, the LM10 opamp-reference and the LT®1017/LT1018 comparators arethe only IC gain blocks fully specifi ed for 1.5V operation.Further complications are presented by the 600mV dropof silicon transistors and diodes. This limitation consumesa substantial portion of available supply range, makingcircuit design diffi cult. Additionally, any circuit designedfor 1.5V operation mustfunction at end-of-life batteryvoltage, typically 1.3V. (See Box Section, “Componentsfor 1.5V Operation.”)
設(shè)計了一種基于PIC16C71單片機(jī)的數(shù)字水溫配制閥。該配制閥采用NTC熱敏電阻作溫度傳感器，與固定電阻組成簡單分壓電路作為水溫測量電路，利用PIC16C71單片機(jī)內(nèi)置的8位A/D轉(zhuǎn)換器把熱敏電阻上的模擬電壓轉(zhuǎn)換為數(shù)字量，PIC16C71單片機(jī)控制直流電機(jī)驅(qū)動混水閥調(diào)節(jié)冷熱水的混合比例實現(xiàn)水溫調(diào)節(jié)。給出了控制電路圖，對水溫測量電路的參數(shù)選擇和測溫精度作了詳細(xì)討論。實驗和分析表明，選用阻值較大的NTC熱敏電阻和分壓電阻可較好地解決熱敏電阻因功耗較大造成的熱擊穿問題。
Abstract:
A digital valve for controlling water temperature based on PIC16C71 was presented in this paper.A bleeder circuit which consisted of a NTC thermistor as temperature sensor and a fixed resistance was designed as water temperature measuring circuit.The analog voltage on the thermistor was converted into digital signal by a 8-bit A/D converter embedded in PIC16C71. Based on the digital signal， the MCU PIC16C71 drived the valve by a DC motor to adjust the water temperature through adjusting the proportion of hot water and cold water.The circuit diagram of controller was given，the principle，the component parameters and the accuracy of measuring temperatures were also dissertated in detail. It was found by experiment and analysis that thermal breakdown of thermistor caused by high power could be solved by selecting thermistor and fixed resistance with high impedance value.
針對目前汽車追尾事件頻發(fā)問題，提出一種防汽車車前和車后追尾的安全裝置設(shè)計。該設(shè)計以高性能、低功耗的8位AVR微處理器ATmega8L為核心，結(jié)合霍爾式車速傳感器、激光雷達(dá)測距裝置和MMA7260QT加速度傳感器，能夠兼顧車前和車后，摒棄以往設(shè)計中只考慮車前或車后單一性缺點(diǎn)，尤其適用于高速、夜晚或新手行車。
Abstract:
Aiming at the high frequency of vehicle rear-end collision，a safe device design of anti-vehicle rear-end collision is presented.In the design，the high-performance，low-power8-bit AVR microprocessor ATmega8L is utilized as a core combined with Hall-type speed sensor，laser-radar ranging devices and the acceleration sensor MMA7260QT.The design considers both the front and back of a car，and overcomes the drawbacks of former designs in which only the front or the back of the car is considered，so it is especially suitable for high-speed，night or the beginner’s driving.
介紹了采用ATmega48單片機(jī)實現(xiàn)三相無刷直流電機(jī)控制器的方法。利用Atmega48獲得帶死區(qū)的脈寬調(diào)制（PWM）、霍爾傳感器的換相處理、正弦驅(qū)動信號的產(chǎn)生和電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速的控制等功能。采用該方法的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是所需的外圍器件少，成本低。
Abstract:
The method of 3-phase brushless DC motor control based on ATmega48 is presented in this paper.The system uses ATmega48 to generate PWM signals with dead-time, hall sensors signals commutation，sine driving signal and rotational speed of motor.Using this method，the needed external devices are few, the cost is low.
介紹一種采用單片機(jī)技術(shù)和基站器件EM4095的手持式低頻RFID讀卡器方案。首先對整個系統(tǒng)框架進(jìn)行說明，然后介紹主要功能模塊的設(shè)計，給出了各模塊的原理圖。重點(diǎn)描述了基站器件EM4095的性能參數(shù)和功能原理，最后描述了該系統(tǒng)的主程序流程圖。
Abstract:
In this paper,a handheld RFID reader based on MCU and EM4095 is introduced.At first，the configuration of this system is explained.Then the design of main modules and schematic documents are particularly presented.The parameters and principle of the chip EM4095 are introduced in detail. At last，the main software flow is given
闡述了一個由上位PC機(jī)和AT89C52下位單片機(jī)組成的主從分布式溫度巡回檢測系統(tǒng)。主從機(jī)采用RS-485 串行通訊標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行通信，可在下位單片機(jī)實現(xiàn)基本的溫度數(shù)據(jù)巡回檢測基礎(chǔ)上，由上位PC機(jī)實現(xiàn)綜合處理功能或擴(kuò)展為遠(yuǎn)程操作。整個系統(tǒng)具有巡檢速度快，擴(kuò)展性好的特點(diǎn)。
Abstract:
In this paper,a top PC and AT89C52 under-bit microcontrollers from the main component of the tour distributed temperature detection system is presented. Master and slave can use RS-485 serial communication standards for communications.Based on next-bit machine for basic goods temperature detected data Tour, the top can achieve the integrated treatment of PC functions or for the expansion of long-distance operation. The entire inspection system is fast, expansion.
在開放式數(shù)控系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)模型的基礎(chǔ)上，研究了基于ISA總線的DSP通信控制原理。采用中斷方式完成了PC機(jī)和DSP之間的通信。介紹了以DriverWorks為工具開發(fā)ISA設(shè)備WDM驅(qū)動程序的方法，探討了中斷處理、驅(qū)動程序與應(yīng)用程序之間的通信,簡要說明了驅(qū)動程序的安裝與調(diào)試。通過調(diào)試,系統(tǒng)設(shè)計運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定。
Abstract:
The ISA bus and DSP correspondence control principle is investigated in the basis of the existing open architecture numerical control system.The interrupt method is used to realize the communication between PC and DSP based on the ISA bus.The methods of WDM driver exploitation for ISA device using Driver Works are introduced.The main process of driver program and the keys such as handle interrupt and the communication between the drivers and application are presented.And how to debug and install the drive is explained.
針對目前燃?xì)庠钍袌龅臓顩r，提出一種基于PIC16C711單片機(jī)的燃?xì)庠蠲}沖點(diǎn)火控制器設(shè)計,具體包括有系統(tǒng)的組成和功能介紹、硬件電路設(shè)計及軟件功能實現(xiàn)。
Abstract:
Aiming at today’s gas cooker market, a pulse ignition controler design based on PIC16C711 is presented.The specific descriptions of system components and functions,hardware circuit design and software function are given.
氣壓是氣象監(jiān)測中的一個重要參數(shù)，提出了一種氣壓數(shù)據(jù)采集模塊設(shè)計方案，該模塊采用數(shù)字氣壓傳感器MS5534B、MSP430單片機(jī)MSP430F2272和帶實時時鐘（RTC）64 KB鐵電存儲器。通過低功耗軟件設(shè)計方法以微安級整體平均功耗實現(xiàn)了氣壓數(shù)據(jù)的采集和存儲，適合電池供電的連續(xù)高精度氣壓采集應(yīng)用。給出了模塊的軟硬件設(shè)計以及MS5534B的性能指標(biāo)和使用經(jīng)驗。
Abstract:
Air pressure is an important parameter in weather monitor.This paper futs forward a new design scheme of low power-air pressure data acquisition module.The module uses a digital output barometer sensor MS5534B,MSP430 microcontroller MSP430F2272 and integrated RTC 64KB FRAM,precision air pressure measurement and storage chip.Another point of this module is low power consumption, so it is well suited for battery powered air pressure data acquisition applications. At the same time,the software and hardware deign of module is presented,And the speciaties and use notices of MS5534B are given.
