Many good textbooks exist on probability and random processes written at the under-
graduate level to the research level. However, there is no one handy and ready book
that explains most of the essential topics, such as random variables and most of their
frequently used discrete and continuous probability distribution functions; moments,
transformation, and convergences of random variables; characteristic and generating
functions; estimation theory and the associated orthogonality principle; vector random
variables; random processes and their autocovariance and cross-covariance functions; sta-
tionarity concepts; and random processes through linear systems and the associated
Wiener and Kalman filters.
Convergence between the two largest networks (Telecom and IP) is taking place
very rapidly and at diff erent levels: (1) network level: unifi cation of IP networks
with traditional Telecom networks through evolving standards (Session Initiation
Protocol (SIP), Realtime Transfer Protocol (RTP), SS7, 3G) to support interopera-
bility; (2) service level: traditional Telecom services like voice calls are being provi-
sioned on the IP backbone (VoIP), while traditional IP services (most data-driven
services such as multimedia, browsing, chatting, gaming, etc.) are accessible over
the Telecom network.
In this updated and expanded edition of her excellent telecommunications primer,
Lili explains in just the right detail everything you need to know to become
fluent in this most important and fascinating industry. Besides including a
satisfying amount of expert technical detail, the book also discusses equally
crucial aspects of how communications technology affects society, culture, and
politics. Electronic communications is changing the world for the better; learn
from Lili's expertise how you, too, can participate in the revolution." Steve Riley, senior security strategist, Microsoft
Corporation
The continuing explosive growth in mobile communication is demanding more spectrally
efficient radio access technologies than the prevalent second generation (2G) systems such as
GSM to handle just the voice traffic. We are already witnessing high levels of mobile
penetration exceeding 70% in some countries. It is anticipated that by 2010 more than half of
all communications will be carried out by mobile cellular networks. On the other hand, the
information revolution and changing life habits are bringing the requirement of commu-
nicating on a multimedia level to the mobile environment. But the data handling capabilities
and flexibility of the 2G cellular systems are limited.
In this first part of the book the Vienna Link Level (LL) Simulators are described.
The first chapter provides basics of LL simulations, introduces the most common
variables and parameters as well as the transceiver structures that are applied in
Long-Term Evolution (LTE) and Long-Term Evolution-Advanced (LTEA). We
focus here mostly on the Downlink (DL) of LTE as most results reported in later
chapters are related to DL transmissions.
Describing the relevant detection and estimation theory, this detailed guide provides
the background knowledge needed to tackle the design of practical WLAN positioning
systems. It sets out key system-level challenges and design considerations in increasing
positioningaccuracyandreducingcomputationalcomplexity,examinesdesigntradeoffs,
and presents experimental results.
The challenges associated with the design and implementation of Electro-
static Discharge (ESD) protection circuits become increasingly complex as
technology is scaled well into nano-metric regime. One must understand the
behavior of semiconductor devices under very high current densities, high
temperature transients in order to surmount the nano-meter ESD challenge.
As a consequence, the quest for suitable ESD solution in a given technology
must start from the device level. Traditional approaches of ESD design may
not be adequate as the ESD damages occur at successively lower voltages in
nano-metric dimensions.
The planarization technology of Chemical-Mechanical-Polishing (CMP), used for the manufacturing of multi-
level metal interconnects for high-density Integrated Circuits (IC), is also readily adaptable as an enabling technology
in MicroElectroMechanical Systems (MEMS) fabrication, particularly polysilicon surface micromachining. CMP not
only eases the design and manufacturability of MEMS devices by eliminating several photolithographic and film
issues generated by severe topography, but also enables far greater flexibility with process complexity and associated
designs. T
Over many years, RF-MEMS have been a hot topic in research at the technology
and device level. In particular, various kinds of mechanical Si-MEMS resonators
and piezoelectric BAW (bulk acoustic wave) resonators have been developed. The
BAW technology has made its way to commercial products for passive RF filters,
in particular for duplexers in RF transceiver front ends for cellular communica-
tions. Beyond their use in filters, micromachined resonators can also be used in
conjunction with active devices in innovative circuits and architectures.
HIS IS THE THIRD —and most likely the last—book
in the series on information technology for
energy managers and web based energy infor-
mation and control systems. This book concentrates on
web based enterprise energy and building automation
systems, and serves as a capstone volume in this series.
The thrust here is that the highest level functions of a
building and facility automation system are provided
by a web based EIS/ECS system that provides energy
management, maintenance management, overall facility
operational management, and ties in with the enterprise
resource management system for the entire facility or
the group of facilities being managed. If there were ever
to be a fourth volume in this series, it would follow
the logical progression of the first three volumes, and
would probably be titled Web Based Enterprise Resource
Management Systems.
