Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design I enjoyed reading this book for a number of reasons. One reason is that itaddresses high-speed analog design in the context of microwave issues. This isan advanced-level book, which should follow courses in basic circuits andtransmission lines. Most analog integrated circuit designers in the past workedon applications at low enough frequency that microwave issues did not arise.As a consequence, they were adept at lumped parameter circuits and often notcomfortable with circuits where waves travel in space. However, in order todesign radio frequency (RF) communications integrated circuits (IC) in thegigahertz range, one must deal with transmission lines at chip interfaces andwhere interconnections on chip are far apart. Also, impedance matching isaddressed, which is a topic that arises most often in microwave circuits. In mycareer, there has been a gap in comprehension between analog low-frequencydesigners and microwave designers. Often, similar issues were dealt with in twodifferent languages. Although this book is more firmly based in lumped-elementanalog circuit design, it is nice to see that microwave knowledge is brought inwhere necessary.Too many analog circuit books in the past have concentrated first on thecircuit side rather than on basic theory behind their application in communications.The circuits usually used have evolved through experience, without asatisfying intellectual theme in describing them. Why a given circuit works bestcan be subtle, and often these circuits are chosen only through experience. Forthis reason, I am happy that the book begins first with topics that require anintellectual approach—noise, linearity and filtering, and technology issues. Iam particularly happy with how linearity is introduced (power series). In therest of the book it is then shown, with specific circuits and numerical examples,how linearity and noise issues arise.
上傳時間： 2014-12-23
上傳用戶：han_zh
This document provides practical, common guidelines for incorporating PCI Express interconnect layouts onto Printed Circuit Boards (PCB) ranging from 4-layer desktop baseboard designs to 10- layer or more server baseboard designs. Guidelines and constraints in this document are intended for use on both baseboard and add-in card PCB designs. This includes interconnects between PCI Express devices located on the same baseboard (chip-to-chip routing) and interconnects between a PCI Express device located “down” on the baseboard and a device located “up” on an add-in card attached through a connector. This document is intended to cover all major components of the physical interconnect including design guidelines for the PCB traces, vias and AC coupling capacitors, as well as add-in card edge-finger and connector considerations. The intent of the guidelines and examples is to help ensure that good high-speed signal design practices are used and that the timing/jitter and loss/attenuation budgets can also be met from end-to-end across the PCI Express interconnect. However, while general physical guidelines and suggestions are given, they may not necessarily guarantee adequate performance of the interconnect for all layouts and implementations. Therefore, designers should consider modeling and simulation of the interconnect in order to ensure compliance to all applicable specifications. The document is composed of two main sections. The first section provides an overview of general topology and interconnect guidelines. The second section concentrates on physical layout constraints where bulleted items at the beginning of a topic highlight important constraints, while the narrative that follows offers additional insight.
上傳時間： 2013-10-15
上傳用戶：busterman
Abstract: Electrolytic capacitors are notorious for short lifetimes in high-temperature applications such asLED light bulbs. The careful selection of these devices with proper interpretation of their specifications isessential to ensure that they do not compromise the life of the end product. This application notediscusses this problem with electrolytic capacitors in LED light bulbs and provides an analysis that showshow it is possible to use electrolytics in such products.
上傳時間： 2013-11-17
上傳用戶：asdfasdfd
Abstract: It may sound trite, but it is definitely true: the smart grid has the potential to completely transform the energyindustry. However, smart meters and grid management alone will not ensure the success of the smart grid. Unliketraditional IT networks, smart grids require consideration of energy measurement and security. To completely optimize thistechnology, smart grid designs must focus on energy measurement and security. This tutorial considers the benefits ofboth energy measurement and security and how they make machine-to-machine networks different from traditional IT.
上傳時間： 2013-10-29
上傳用戶：皇族傳媒
Automobile electronic systems place high demands ontoday’s DC/DC converters. they must be able to preciselyregulate an output voltage in the face of wide temperatureand input voltage ranges—including load dump transientsin excess of 60V and cold crank voltage drops to 4V. Theconverter must also be able to minimize battery drain inalways-on systems by maintaining high effi ciency over abroad load current range. Similar demands are made bymany 48V nonisolated telecom applications, 40V FireWireperipherals and battery-powered applications with autoplug adaptors. The LT3437’s best in classperformancemeets all of these requirements in a small thermallyenhanced 3mm × 3mm DFN package.
上傳時間： 2013-10-15
上傳用戶：stampede
Alkaline batteries are convenient because they’re easy tofi nd and relatively inexpensive, making them the powersource of choice for portable instruments and devicesused for outdoor recreation. Their long shelf life alsomakes them an excellent choice for emergency equipmentthat may see infrequent use but must be ready to go on amoment’s notice. It is important that the DC/DC convertersin portable devices operate over the widest possiblebattery voltage range to extend battery run time, and thussave the user from frequent battery replacement.
上傳時間： 2014-12-24
上傳用戶：569342831
Linear Technology’s DC/DC step-down μModule®regulators are complete switchmode power supplies in asurface-mount package. they include the DC/DC controller,inductor, power switches and supporting circuitry.These highly integrated regulators also provide an easysolution for applications that require negative outputvoltages. In other words, these products can operate asinverting buck-boost regulators. As a result, the lowestpotential in the circuit is not the standard 0V, but –VOUT,which must be tied to the μModule regulator’s GND. Allsignals are now referred to –VOUT.
上傳時間： 2013-10-22
上傳用戶：ztj182002
Occasionally, we are tasked with designing circuitry for aspecific purpose. The request may have customer originsor it may be an in-house requirement. Alternately, a circuitmay be developed because its possibility is simply tooattractive to ignore1. Over time, these circuits accumulate,encompassing a wide and useful body of proven capabilities.they also represent substantial effort. These considerationsmake publication an almost obligatory propositionand, as such, a group of circuits is presented here. This isnot the first time we have displayed such wares and, giventhe encouraging reader response, it will not be the last2.Eighteen circuits are included in this latest effort, roughlyarranged in the categories given in this publication’s title.they appear at the next paragraph.
上傳時間： 2013-11-12
上傳用戶：012345
Size, output flexibility and efficiency advantages havemade switching regulators common in electronic apparatus.The continued emphasis on these attributes hasresulted in circuitry with 95% efficiency that requiresminimal board area. Although these advantages are welcome,they necessitate compromising other parameters
上傳時間： 2013-11-04
上傳用戶：zycidjl
The above title is not happenstance and was arrived at afterconsiderable deliberation. As a linear IC manufacturer, it isour goal to encourage users to design and build switchingregulators. A problem is that while everyone agrees thatworking switching regulators are a good thing, everyonealso agrees that they are difficult to get working. Switchingregulators, with their high efficiency and small size, areincreasingly desirable as overall package sizes shrink.Unfortunately, switching regulators are also one of themost difficult linear circuits to design. Mysterious modes,sudden, seemingly inexplicable failures, peculiar regulationcharacteristics and just plain explosions are commonoccurrences. Diodes conduct the wrong way. Things gethot that shouldn’t. Capacitors act like resistors, fusesdon’t blow and transistors do. The output is at ground, andthe ground terminal shows volts of noise.
標簽： Regulators Switching Poets for
上傳時間： 2013-12-19
上傳用戶：奇奇奔奔
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