Differential Nonlinearity: Ideally, any two adjacent digital codes correspond to output analog voltages that are exactly one LSB apart. Differential non-linearity is a measure of the worst case deviation from the ideal 1 LSB step. For example, a DAC with a 1.5 LSB output change for a 1 LSB digital code change exhibits 1⁄2 LSB differential non-linearity. Differential non-linearity may be expressed in fractional bits or as a percentage of full scale. A differential non-linearity greater than 1 LSB will lead to a non-monotonic transfer function in a DAC. Gain Error (Full Scale Error): The difference between the output voltage (or current) with full scale input code and the ideal voltage (or current) that should exist with a full scale input code. Gain Temperature Coefficient (Full Scale Temperature Coefficient): Change in gain error divided by change in temperature. Usually expressed in parts per million per degree Celsius (ppm/°C). Integral Nonlinearity (Linearity Error): Worst case deviation from the line between the endpoints (zero and full scale). Can be expressed as a percentage of full scale or in fraction of an LSB. LSB (Lease-Significant Bit): In a binary coded system this is the bit that carries the smallest value or weight. Its value is the full scale voltage (or current) divided by 2n, where n is the resolution of the converter. Monotonicity: A monotonic function has a slope whose sign does not change. A monotonic DAC has an output that changes in the same direction (or remains constant) for each increase in the input code. the converse is true for decreasing codes.