Single-Ended and Differential S-Parameters
Differential circuits have been important incommunication systems for many years. In the past,differential communication circuits operated at lowfrequencies, where they could be designed andanalyzed using lumped-element models andtechniques. With the frequency of operationincreasing beyond 1GHz, and above 1Gbps fordigital communications, this lumped-elementapproach is no longer valid, because the physicalsize of the circuit approaches the size of awavelength.Distributed models and analysis techniques are nowused instead of lumped-element techniques.Scattering parameters, or S-parameters, have beendeveloped for this purpose [1]. These S-parametersare defined for single-ended networks. S-parameterscan be used to describe differential networks, but astrict definition was not developed until Bockelmanand others addressed this issue [2]. Bockelman’swork also included a study on how to adapt single-ended S-parameters for use with differential circuits[2]. This adaptation, called “mixed-mode S-parameters,” addresses differential and common-mode operation, as well as the conversion betweenthe two modes of operation.This application note will explain the use of single-ended and mixed-mode S-parameters, and the basicconcepts of microwave measurement calibration.
標簽：
差分電路
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模式
上傳時間：
2014-03-25
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VIP專區-嵌入式/單片機編程源碼精選合集系列（104）資源包含以下內容：1. mips命令集詳解.2. 數碼相框原理圖,ZXDP-010 (8302+720).3. CBM2090單片8BIT 16BIT共板原理圖.4. 紅外線遙控是目前使用最廣泛的一種通信和遙控手段。由于紅外線遙控裝置具有體積小、功耗低、功能強、成本低等特點.5. 時間觸發嵌入式系統設計模式
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標簽：
光電子
上傳時間：
2013-06-25
上傳用戶：eeworm
