一:微電腦設(shè)計(jì)11.1:微電腦基本結(jié)構(gòu)11.2:?jiǎn)涡酒㈦娔X21.3:?jiǎn)涡酒㈦娔X種類3二:MCS51架構(gòu)介紹62.1:接腳說(shuō)明62.2:內(nèi)部構(gòu)造圖72.3:系統(tǒng)時(shí)序82.4:內(nèi)存結(jié)構(gòu)92.5:系統(tǒng)重制142.6:中斷結(jié)構(gòu)15三:LCD簡(jiǎn)介243.1:簡(jiǎn)介243.2:內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)263.3:模塊指令29圖1-1 微電腦基本結(jié)構(gòu)1表1-1 MCS-51 單芯片比較.5圖2-1 MCS-51 接腳圖.6圖2-2 內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)方塊圖8圖2-3 MCS-51 指令執(zhí)行時(shí)序.9圖2-4 MCS-51 內(nèi)部數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)器.10圖2-5 MCS-51 程序內(nèi)存結(jié)構(gòu)圖.10圖2-6 MCS-51內(nèi)部數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)器結(jié)構(gòu)11圖2-7 特殊功能緩存器12表2-1 特殊功能緩存器(SFC)初值設(shè)定.13圖2-8 數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)器結(jié)構(gòu)圖13表2-2 SFR重置設(shè)定值.15表2-3 中斷向量17圖2-9 中斷結(jié)構(gòu)方塊圖18表2-4 中斷致能緩存器IE19表2-5 中斷優(yōu)先權(quán)緩存器(IP) .20表2-6 中斷源優(yōu)先權(quán)順序21表2-7 計(jì)時(shí)/計(jì)數(shù)控制緩存器TCON.21表2-8 計(jì)時(shí)/計(jì)數(shù)模式設(shè)定.23圖3-1 LCD 的接口電路方圖24表3-1 LCD 接腳說(shuō)明25表3-2 控制腳功能25表3-3 LCD 模塊地址對(duì)映26表3-4 字符產(chǎn)生器與字型碼對(duì)映27表3-5 LCD 內(nèi)字型表28表3-6 LCD 控制指令表32圖3-2 初始化流程圖33表4-1 功能說(shuō)明34圖4-1 電路圖35圖4-2 程序流程圖36此篇專題主要研究是利用8051芯片制作出電子鐘,利用LCD當(dāng)作顯示介面,并且設(shè)置有鬧鈴功能,是很可以融入生活的小家電。關(guān)鍵詞: AT89C51,LCD,電子鍾,數(shù)字鐘,鬧鈴。四:電子鐘344.1:相關(guān)知識(shí)344.2:功能說(shuō)明344.3`:流程圖36五:心得感想41六:程序代碼42附錄:MCS51指令集.54參考數(shù)據(jù)60
上傳時(shí)間: 2013-10-11
上傳用戶:butterfly2013
含原理圖+電路圖+程序的波形發(fā)生器:在工作中,我們常常會(huì)用到波形發(fā)生器,它是使用頻度很高的電子儀器。現(xiàn)在的波形發(fā)生器都采用單片機(jī)來(lái)構(gòu)成。單片機(jī)波形發(fā)生器是以單片機(jī)核心,配相應(yīng)的外圍電路和功能軟件,能實(shí)現(xiàn)各種波形發(fā)生的應(yīng)用系統(tǒng),它由硬件部分和軟件部分組成,硬件是系統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ),軟件則是在硬件的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)其合理的調(diào)配和使用,從而完成波形發(fā)生的任務(wù)。 波形發(fā)生器的技術(shù)指標(biāo):(1) 波形類型:方型、正弦波、三角波、鋸齒波;(2) 幅值電壓:1V、2V、3V、4V、5V;(3) 頻率值:10HZ、20HZ、50HZ、100HZ、200HZ、500HZ、1KHZ;(4) 輸出極性:雙極性操作設(shè)計(jì)1、 機(jī)器通電后,系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行初始化,LED在面板上顯示6個(gè)0,表示系統(tǒng)處于初始狀態(tài),等待用戶輸入設(shè)置命令,此時(shí),無(wú)任何波形信號(hào)輸出。2、 用戶按下“F”、“V”、“W”,可以分別進(jìn)入頻率,幅值波形設(shè)置,使系統(tǒng)進(jìn)入設(shè)置狀態(tài),相應(yīng)的數(shù)碼管顯示“一”,此時(shí),按其它鍵,無(wú)效;3、 在進(jìn)入某一設(shè)置狀態(tài)后,輸入0~9等數(shù)字鍵,(數(shù)字鍵僅在設(shè)置狀態(tài)時(shí),有效)為欲輸出的波形設(shè)置相應(yīng)參數(shù),LED將參數(shù)顯示在面板上;4、 如果在設(shè)置中,要改變已設(shè)定的參數(shù),可按下“CL”鍵,清除所有已設(shè)定參數(shù),系統(tǒng)恢復(fù)初始狀態(tài),LED顯示6個(gè)0,等待重新輸入命令;5、 當(dāng)必要的參數(shù)設(shè)定完畢后,所有參數(shù)顯示于LED上,用戶按下“EN”鍵,系統(tǒng)會(huì)將各波形參數(shù)傳遞到波形產(chǎn)生模塊中,以便控制波形發(fā)生,實(shí)現(xiàn)不同頻率,不同電壓幅值,不同類型波形的輸出;6、 用戶按下“EN”鍵后,波形發(fā)生器開(kāi)始輸出滿足參數(shù)的波形信號(hào),面板上相應(yīng)類型的運(yùn)行指示燈閃爍,表示波形正在輸出,LED顯示波形類型編號(hào),頻率值、電壓幅值等波形參數(shù);7、 波形發(fā)生器在輸出信號(hào)時(shí),按下任意一個(gè)鍵,就停止波形信號(hào)輸出,等待重新設(shè)置參數(shù),設(shè)置過(guò)程如上所述,如果不改變參數(shù),可按下“EN”鍵,繼續(xù)輸出原波形信號(hào);8、 要停止波形發(fā)生器的使用,可按下復(fù)位按鈕,將系統(tǒng)復(fù)位,然后關(guān)閉電源。硬件組成部分通過(guò)綜合比較,決定選用獲得廣泛應(yīng)用,性能價(jià)格高的常用芯片來(lái)構(gòu)成硬件電路。單片機(jī)采用MCS-51系列的89C51(一塊),74LS244和74LS373(各一塊),反相驅(qū)動(dòng)器 ULN2803A(一塊),運(yùn)算放大器 LM324(一塊) 波形發(fā)生器的硬件電路由單片機(jī)、鍵盤顯示器接口電路、波形轉(zhuǎn)換(D/ A)電路和電源線路等四部分構(gòu)成。1.單片機(jī)電路功能:形成掃描碼,鍵值識(shí)別,鍵功能處理,完成參數(shù)設(shè)置;形成顯示段碼,向LED顯示接口電路輸出;產(chǎn)生定時(shí)中斷;形成波形的數(shù)字編碼,并輸出到D/A接口電路;如電路原理圖所示: 89C51的P0口和P2口作為擴(kuò)展I/O口,與8255、0832、74LS373相連接,可尋址片外的寄存器。單片機(jī)尋址外設(shè),采用存儲(chǔ)器映像方式,外部接口芯片與內(nèi)部存儲(chǔ)器統(tǒng)一編址,89C51提供16根地址線P0(分時(shí)復(fù)用)和P2,P2口提供高8位地址線,P0口提供低8位地址線。P0口同時(shí)還要負(fù)責(zé)與8255,0832的數(shù)據(jù)傳遞。P2.7是8255的片選信號(hào),P2.6是0832(1)的片選,P2.5是0832(2)的片選,低電平有效,P0.0、P0.1經(jīng)過(guò)74LS373鎖存后,送到8255的A1、A2作,片內(nèi)A口,B口,C口,控制口等寄存器的字選。89C51的P1口的低4位連接4只發(fā)光三極管,作為波形類型指示燈,表示正在輸出的波形是什么類型。單片機(jī)89C51內(nèi)部有兩個(gè)定時(shí)器/計(jì)數(shù)器,在波形發(fā)生器中使用T0作為中斷源。不同的頻率值對(duì)應(yīng)不同的定時(shí)初值,定時(shí)器的溢出信號(hào)作為中斷請(qǐng)求。控制定時(shí)器中斷的特殊功能寄存器設(shè)置如下:定時(shí)控制寄存器TCON=(00010000)工作方式選擇寄存器(TMOD)=(00000000)中斷允許控制寄存器(IE)=(10000010)2、鍵盤顯示器接口電路功能:驅(qū)動(dòng)6位數(shù)碼管動(dòng)態(tài)顯示; 提供響應(yīng)界面; 掃面鍵盤; 提供輸入按鍵。由并口芯片8255,鎖存器74LS273,74LS244,反向驅(qū)動(dòng)器ULN2803A,6位共陰極數(shù)碼管(LED)和4×4行列式鍵盤組成。8255的C口作為鍵盤的I/O接口,C口的低4位輸出到掃描碼,高4位作為輸入行狀態(tài),按鍵的分布如圖所示。8255的A口作為L(zhǎng)ED段碼輸出口,與74LS244相連接,B口作為L(zhǎng)ED的位選信號(hào)輸出口,與ULN2803A相連接。8255內(nèi)部的4個(gè)寄存器地址分配如下:控制口:7FFFH , A口:7FFFCH , B口:7FFDH , C口:7FFEH 3、D/A電路功能:將波形樣值的數(shù)字編碼轉(zhuǎn)換成模擬值;完成單極性向雙極性的波形輸出;構(gòu)成由兩片0832和一塊LM324運(yùn)放組成。0832(1)是參考電壓提供者,單片機(jī)向0832(1)內(nèi)的鎖存器送數(shù)字編碼,不同的編碼會(huì)產(chǎn)生不同的輸出值,在本發(fā)生器中,可輸出1V、2V、3V、4V、5V等五個(gè)模擬值,這些值作為0832(2)的參考電壓,使0832(2)輸出波形信號(hào)時(shí),其幅度是可調(diào)的。0832(2)用于產(chǎn)生各種波形信號(hào),單片機(jī)在波形產(chǎn)生程序的控制下,生成波形樣值編碼,并送到0832(2)中的鎖存器,經(jīng)過(guò)D/A轉(zhuǎn)換,得到波形的模擬樣值點(diǎn),假如N個(gè)點(diǎn)就構(gòu)成波形的一個(gè)周期,那么0832(2)輸出N個(gè)樣值點(diǎn)后,樣值點(diǎn)形成運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡,就是波形信號(hào)的一個(gè)周期。重復(fù)輸出N個(gè)點(diǎn)后,由此成第二個(gè)周期,第三個(gè)周期……。這樣0832(2)就能連續(xù)的輸出周期變化的波形信號(hào)。運(yùn)放A1是直流放大器,運(yùn)放A2是單極性電壓放大器,運(yùn)放A3是雙極性驅(qū)動(dòng)放大器,使波形信號(hào)能帶得起負(fù)載。地址分配:0832(1):DFFFH ,0832(2):BFFFH4、電源電路:功能:為波形發(fā)生器提供直流能量;構(gòu)成由變壓器、整流硅堆,穩(wěn)壓塊7805組成。220V的交流電,經(jīng)過(guò)開(kāi)關(guān),保險(xiǎn)管(1.5A/250V),到變壓器降壓,由220V降為10V,通過(guò)硅堆將交流電變成直流電,對(duì)于諧波,用4700μF的電解電容給予濾除。為保證直流電壓穩(wěn)定,使用7805進(jìn)行穩(wěn)壓。最后,+5V電源配送到各用電負(fù)載。
標(biāo)簽: 波形發(fā)生器 原理圖 電路圖 源程序
上傳時(shí)間: 2013-11-08
上傳用戶:685
TEA1504開(kāi)關(guān)電源低功耗控制芯片的應(yīng)用:介紹了Philips 公司開(kāi)發(fā)的Green Chip TM 綠色芯片TEA1504 的內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)及工作原理,該控制芯片集成了開(kāi)關(guān)電源的PWM 控制、高低頻模式轉(zhuǎn)換、柵極驅(qū)動(dòng)和保護(hù)等功能,同時(shí)上有瞬態(tài)響應(yīng)快,啟動(dòng)電流過(guò)沖小,待機(jī)功耗低等特點(diǎn)。關(guān)鍵詞:開(kāi)關(guān)電源 TEA1504 脈寬調(diào)制低功耗1 前言開(kāi)關(guān)電源以其供電效率高,穩(wěn)壓范圍大,體積小被越來(lái)越多的電子電器設(shè)備所采用,在大屏幕電視機(jī)、監(jiān)視器、計(jì)算機(jī)等電器的待機(jī)或備用(stand-by)狀態(tài)會(huì)繼續(xù)耗電,為此,Philips 公司采用BiCOMS 工藝開(kāi)發(fā)出了被之為Green Chip TM(綠色芯片)的高壓開(kāi)關(guān)電源控制芯片。該類集成芯片(IC)的穩(wěn)壓范圍為90~276V(AC),能將開(kāi)關(guān)電源待機(jī)功耗降至2W 以下,其本身的待機(jī)損耗小于100mW,并具有快速和高效的片內(nèi)啟動(dòng)電流源;在負(fù)載功率較低時(shí),它還能自動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)換到低頻工作模式,從而降低了開(kāi)關(guān)電源的損耗。高水平的集成技術(shù)使IC 的外圍元件大大減少,以實(shí)現(xiàn)開(kāi)關(guān)電源的小型化、高效率和高可靠性。本文介紹的TEA1504 是Green Chip TM 系列IC 中的重要成員之一。
標(biāo)簽: 1504 TEA 開(kāi)關(guān)電源 低功耗
上傳時(shí)間: 2013-12-27
上傳用戶:lyy1234
AVR高速嵌入式單片機(jī)原理與應(yīng)用(修訂版)詳細(xì)介紹ATMEL公司開(kāi)發(fā)的AVR高速嵌入式單片機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu);講述AVR單片機(jī)的開(kāi)發(fā)工具和集成開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境(IDE),包括Studio調(diào)試工具、AVR單片機(jī)匯編器和單片機(jī)串行下載編程;學(xué)習(xí)指令系統(tǒng)時(shí),每條指令均有實(shí)例,邊學(xué)習(xí)邊調(diào)試,使學(xué)習(xí)者看得見(jiàn)指令流向及操作結(jié)果,真正理解每條指令的功能及使用注意事項(xiàng);介紹AVR系列多種單片機(jī)功能特點(diǎn)、實(shí)用程序設(shè)計(jì)及應(yīng)用實(shí)例;作為提高篇,講述簡(jiǎn)單易學(xué)、適用AVR單片機(jī)的高級(jí)語(yǔ)言BASCOMAVR及ICC AVR C編譯器。 AVR高速嵌入式單片機(jī)原理與應(yīng)用(修訂版) 目錄 第一章ATMEL單片機(jī)簡(jiǎn)介1.1ATMEL公司產(chǎn)品的特點(diǎn)11.2AT90系列單片機(jī)簡(jiǎn)介21.3AT91M系列單片機(jī)簡(jiǎn)介2第二章AVR單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)2.1AVR單片機(jī)總體結(jié)構(gòu)42.2AVR單片機(jī)中央處理器CPU62.2.1結(jié)構(gòu)概述72.2.2通用寄存器堆92.2.3X、Y、Z寄存器92.2.4ALU運(yùn)算邏輯單元92.3AVR單片機(jī)存儲(chǔ)器組織102.3.1可下載的Flash程序存儲(chǔ)器102.3.2內(nèi)部和外部的SRAM數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)器102.3.3EEPROM數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)器112.3.4存儲(chǔ)器訪問(wèn)和指令執(zhí)行時(shí)序112.3.5I/O存儲(chǔ)器132.4AVR單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)復(fù)位162.4.1復(fù)位源172.4.2加電復(fù)位182.4.3外部復(fù)位192.4.4看門狗復(fù)位192.5AVR單片機(jī)中斷系統(tǒng)202.5.1中斷處理202.5.2外部中斷232.5.3中斷應(yīng)答時(shí)間232.5.4MCU控制寄存器 MCUCR232.6AVR單片機(jī)的省電方式242.6.1休眠狀態(tài)242.6.2空閑模式242.6.3掉電模式252.7AVR單片機(jī)定時(shí)器/計(jì)數(shù)器252.7.1定時(shí)器/計(jì)數(shù)器預(yù)定比例器252.7.28位定時(shí)器/計(jì)數(shù)器0252.7.316位定時(shí)器/計(jì)數(shù)器1272.7.4看門狗定時(shí)器332.8AVR單片機(jī)EEPROM讀/寫訪問(wèn)342.9AVR單片機(jī)串行接口352.9.1同步串行接口 SPI352.9.2通用串行接口 UART402.10AVR單片機(jī)模擬比較器452.10.1模擬比較器452.10.2模擬比較器控制和狀態(tài)寄存器ACSR462.11AVR單片機(jī)I/O端口472.11.1端口A472.11.2端口 B482.11.3端口 C542.11.4端口 D552.12AVR單片機(jī)存儲(chǔ)器編程612.12.1編程存儲(chǔ)器鎖定位612.12.2熔斷位612.12.3芯片代碼612.12.4編程 Flash和 EEPROM612.12.5并行編程622.12.6串行下載662.12.7可編程特性67第三章AVR單片機(jī)開(kāi)發(fā)工具3.1AVR實(shí)時(shí)在線仿真器ICE200693.2JTAG ICE仿真器693.3AVR嵌入式單片機(jī)開(kāi)發(fā)下載實(shí)驗(yàn)器SL?AVR703.4AVR集成開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境(IDE)753.4.1AVR Assembler編譯器753.4.2AVR Studio773.4.3AVR Prog783.5SL?AVR系列組態(tài)開(kāi)發(fā)實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)793.6SL?AVR*.ASM源文件說(shuō)明81第四章AVR單片機(jī)指令系統(tǒng)4.1指令格式844.1.1匯編指令844.1.2匯編器偽指令844.1.3表達(dá)式874.2尋址方式894.3數(shù)據(jù)操作和指令類型924.3.1數(shù)據(jù)操作924.3.2指令類型924.3.3指令集名詞924.4算術(shù)和邏輯指令934.4.1加法指令934.4.2減法指令974.4.3乘法指令1014.4.4取反碼指令1014.4.5取補(bǔ)指令1024.4.6比較指令1034.4.7邏輯與指令1054.4.8邏輯或指令1074.4.9邏輯異或指令1104.5轉(zhuǎn)移指令1114.5.1無(wú)條件轉(zhuǎn)移指令1114.5.2條件轉(zhuǎn)移指令1144.6數(shù)據(jù)傳送指令1354.6.1直接數(shù)據(jù)傳送指令1354.6.2間接數(shù)據(jù)傳送指令1374.6.3從程序存儲(chǔ)器直接取數(shù)據(jù)指令1444.6.4I/O口數(shù)據(jù)傳送指令1454.6.5堆棧操作指令1464.7位指令和位測(cè)試指令1474.7.1帶進(jìn)位邏輯操作指令1474.7.2位變量傳送指令1514.7.3位變量修改指令1524.7.4其它指令1614.8新增指令(新器件)1624.8.1EICALL-- 延長(zhǎng)間接調(diào)用子程序1624.8.2EIJMP--擴(kuò)展間接跳轉(zhuǎn)1634.8.3ELPM--擴(kuò)展裝載程序存儲(chǔ)器1644.8.4ESPM--擴(kuò)展存儲(chǔ)程序存儲(chǔ)器1644.8.5FMUL--小數(shù)乘法1664.8.6FMULS--有符號(hào)數(shù)乘法1664.8.7FMULSU--有符號(hào)小數(shù)和無(wú)符號(hào)小數(shù)乘法1674.8.8MOVW--拷貝寄存器字1684.8.9MULS--有符號(hào)數(shù)乘法1694.8.10MULSU--有符號(hào)數(shù)與無(wú)符號(hào)數(shù)乘法1694.8.11SPM--存儲(chǔ)程序存儲(chǔ)器170 第五章AVR單片機(jī)AT90系列5.1AT90S12001725.1.1特點(diǎn)1725.1.2描述1735.1.3引腳配置1745.1.4結(jié)構(gòu)縱覽1755.2AT90S23131835.2.1特點(diǎn)1835.2.2描述1845.2.3引腳配置1855.3ATmega8/8L1855.3.1特點(diǎn)1865.3.2描述1875.3.3引腳配置1895.3.4開(kāi)發(fā)實(shí)驗(yàn)工具1905.4AT90S2333/44331915.4.1特點(diǎn)1915.4.2描述1925.4.3引腳配置1945.5AT90S4414/85151955.5.1特點(diǎn)1955.5.2AT90S4414和AT90S8515的比較1965.5.3引腳配置1965.6AT90S4434/85351975.6.1特點(diǎn)1975.6.2描述1985.6.3AT90S4434和AT90S8535的比較1985.6.4引腳配置2005.6.5AVR RISC結(jié)構(gòu)2015.6.6定時(shí)器/計(jì)數(shù)器2125.6.7看門狗定時(shí)器 2175.6.8EEPROM讀/寫2175.6.9串行外設(shè)接口SPI2175.6.10通用串行接口UART2175.6.11模擬比較器 2175.6.12模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換器2185.6.13I/O端口2235.7ATmega83/1632285.7.1特點(diǎn)2285.7.2描述2295.7.3ATmega83與ATmega163的比較2315.7.4引腳配置2315.8ATtiny10/11/122325.8.1特點(diǎn)2325.8.2描述2335.8.3引腳配置2355.9ATtiny15/L2375.9.1特點(diǎn)2375.9.2描述2375.9.3引腳配置2395 .10ATmega128/128L2395.10.1特點(diǎn)2405.10.2描述2415.10.3引腳配置2435.10.4開(kāi)發(fā)實(shí)驗(yàn)工具2455.11ATmega1612465.11.1特點(diǎn)2465.11.2描述2475.11.3引腳配置2475.12AVR單片機(jī)替代MCS51單片機(jī)249第六章實(shí)用程序設(shè)計(jì)6.1程序設(shè)計(jì)方法2506.1.1程序設(shè)計(jì)步驟2506.1.2程序設(shè)計(jì)技術(shù)2506.2應(yīng)用程序舉例2516.2.1內(nèi)部寄存器和位定義文件2516.2.2訪問(wèn)內(nèi)部 EEPROM2546.2.3數(shù)據(jù)塊傳送2546.2.4乘法和除法運(yùn)算應(yīng)用一2556.2.5乘法和除法運(yùn)算應(yīng)用二2556.2.616位運(yùn)算2556.2.7BCD運(yùn)算2556.2.8冒泡分類算法2556.2.9設(shè)置和使用模擬比較器2556.2.10半雙工中斷方式UART應(yīng)用一2556.2.11半雙工中斷方式UART應(yīng)用二2566.2.128位精度A/D轉(zhuǎn)換器2566.2.13裝載程序存儲(chǔ)器2566.2.14安裝和使用相同模擬比較器2566.2.15CRC程序存儲(chǔ)的檢查2566.2.164×4鍵區(qū)休眠觸發(fā)方式2576.2.17多工法驅(qū)動(dòng)LED和4×4鍵區(qū)掃描2576.2.18I2C總線2576.2.19I2C工作2586.2.20SPI軟件2586.2.21驗(yàn)證SLAVR實(shí)驗(yàn)器及AT90S1200的口功能12596.2.22驗(yàn)證SLAVR實(shí)驗(yàn)器及AT90S1200的口功能22596.2.23驗(yàn)證SLAVR實(shí)驗(yàn)器及具有DIP40封裝的口功能第七章AVR單片機(jī)的應(yīng)用7.1通用延時(shí)子程序2607.2簡(jiǎn)單I/O口輸出實(shí)驗(yàn)2667.2.1SLAVR721.ASM 2667.2.2SLAVR722.ASM2677.2.3SLAVR723.ASM2687.2.4SLAVR724.ASM2707.2.5SLAVR725.ASM2717.2.6SLAVR726.ASM2727.2.7SLAVR727.ASM2737.3綜合程序2747.3.1LED/LCD/鍵盤掃描綜合程序2747.3.2LED鍵盤掃描綜合程序2757.3.3在LED上實(shí)現(xiàn)字符8的循環(huán)移位顯示程序2757.3.4電腦放音機(jī)2777.3.5鍵盤掃描程序2857.3.6十進(jìn)制計(jì)數(shù)顯示2867.3.7廉價(jià)的A/D轉(zhuǎn)換器2897.3.8高精度廉價(jià)的A/D轉(zhuǎn)換器2947.3.9星星燈2977.3.10按鈕猜數(shù)程序2987.3.11漢字的輸入3047.4復(fù)雜實(shí)用程序3067.4.110位A/D轉(zhuǎn)換3067.4.2步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制程序3097.4.3測(cè)脈沖寬度3127.4.4LCD顯示8字循環(huán)3187.4.5LED電腦時(shí)鐘3247.4.6測(cè)頻率3307.4.7測(cè)轉(zhuǎn)速3327.4.8AT90S8535的A/D轉(zhuǎn)換334第八章BASCOMAVR的應(yīng)用8.1基于高級(jí)語(yǔ)言BASCOMAVR的單片機(jī)開(kāi)發(fā)平臺(tái)3408.2BASCOMAVR軟件平臺(tái)的安裝與使用3418.3AVR I/O口的應(yīng)用3458.3.1LED發(fā)光二極管的控制3458.3.2簡(jiǎn)易手控廣告燈3468.3.3簡(jiǎn)易電腦音樂(lè)放音機(jī)3478.4LCD顯示器3498.4.1標(biāo)準(zhǔn)LCD顯示器的應(yīng)用3498.4.2簡(jiǎn)單游戲機(jī)--按鈕猜數(shù)3518.5串口通信UART3528.5.1AVR系統(tǒng)與PC的簡(jiǎn)易通信3538.5.2PC控制的簡(jiǎn)易廣告燈3548.6單總線接口和溫度計(jì)3568.7I2C總線接口和簡(jiǎn)易IC卡讀寫器359第九章ICC AVR C編譯器的使用9.1ICC AVR的概述3659.1.1介紹ImageCraft的ICC AVR3659.1.2ICC AVR中的文件類型及其擴(kuò)展名3659.1.3附注和擴(kuò)充3669.2ImageCraft的ICC AVR編譯器安裝3679.2.1安裝SETUP.EXE程序3679.2.2對(duì)安裝完成的軟件進(jìn)行注冊(cè)3679.3ICC AVR導(dǎo)游3689.3.1起步3689.3.2C程序的剖析3699.4ICC AVR的IDE環(huán)境3709.4.1編譯一個(gè)單獨(dú)的文件3709.4.2創(chuàng)建一個(gè)新的工程3709.4.3工程管理3719.4.4編輯窗口3719.4.5應(yīng)用構(gòu)筑向?qū)?719.4.6狀態(tài)窗口3719.4.7終端仿真3719.5C庫(kù)函數(shù)與啟動(dòng)文件3729.5.1啟動(dòng)文件3729.5.2常用庫(kù)函數(shù)3729.5.3字符類型庫(kù)3739.5.4浮點(diǎn)運(yùn)算庫(kù)3749.5.5標(biāo)準(zhǔn)輸入/輸出庫(kù)3759.5.6標(biāo)準(zhǔn)庫(kù)和內(nèi)存分配函數(shù)3769.5.7字符串函數(shù)3779.5.8變量參數(shù)函數(shù)3799.5.9堆棧檢查函數(shù)3799.6AVR硬件訪問(wèn)的編程3809.6.1訪問(wèn)AVR的底層硬件3809.6.2位操作3809.6.3程序存儲(chǔ)器和常量數(shù)據(jù)3819.6.4字符串3829.6.5堆棧3839.6.6在線匯編3839.6.7I/O寄存器3849.6.8絕對(duì)內(nèi)存地址3849.6.9C任務(wù)3859.6.10中斷操作3869.6.11訪問(wèn)UART3879.6.12訪問(wèn)EEPROM3879.6.13訪問(wèn)SPI3889.6.14相對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)移/調(diào)用的地址范圍3889.6.15C的運(yùn)行結(jié)構(gòu)3889.6.16匯編界面和調(diào)用規(guī)則3899.6.17函數(shù)返回非整型值3909.6.18程序和數(shù)據(jù)區(qū)的使用3909.6.19編程區(qū)域3919.6.20調(diào)試3919.7應(yīng)用舉例*3929.7.1讀/寫口3929.7.2延時(shí)函數(shù)3929.7.3讀/寫EEPROM3929.7.4AVR的PB口變速移位3939.7.5音符聲程序3939.7.68字循環(huán)移位顯示程序3949.7.7鋸齒波程序3959.7.8正三角波程序3969.7.9梯形波程序396附錄1AT89系列單片機(jī)簡(jiǎn)介398附錄2AT94K系列現(xiàn)場(chǎng)可編程系統(tǒng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)集成電路401附錄3指令集綜合404附錄4AVR單片機(jī)選型表408參 考 文 獻(xiàn)412
上傳時(shí)間: 2013-11-08
上傳用戶:xcy122677
1 概述由于在某些通訊設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)用中,需要擴(kuò)展更多的串口數(shù)量,比如車床監(jiān)控、紡織儀器檢測(cè)和網(wǎng)狀連接的數(shù)據(jù)采集等應(yīng)用。為此成都國(guó)騰微電子有限公司推出的GM814x 可以滿足多個(gè)同類產(chǎn)品的并聯(lián)擴(kuò)展,并且能簡(jiǎn)單的實(shí)現(xiàn)電路連接和程序控制,主MCU 可以識(shí)別數(shù)據(jù)的來(lái)源和指定和某個(gè)GM814x 通信。2 應(yīng)用說(shuō)明2.1 CS 與SPI 的數(shù)據(jù)通信GM814x 的CS(片選)引腳可用于控制SPI 總線時(shí)鐘有效性,CS 低電平有效,內(nèi)部下拉。CS 有效時(shí),允許芯片的時(shí)鐘接收和數(shù)據(jù)收發(fā);無(wú)效時(shí),SCLK、DIN 和DOUT 均為高阻狀態(tài),GM814x 不響應(yīng)SPI 上的數(shù)據(jù)收發(fā),但能正常收發(fā)子串口數(shù)據(jù)和產(chǎn)生相應(yīng)中斷。2.2 應(yīng)用建議當(dāng)使用GM814x 的應(yīng)用需要擴(kuò)展4 個(gè)以上的串口數(shù)量時(shí),就需要使用2 片以上的GM814x。擴(kuò)展的方式也有多種。方式一:將多個(gè)GM814x 的SPI 接口接在主MCU 的SPI 總線上,然后將所有GM814x 的中斷進(jìn)行線與后連接到MCU 的IRQ 上,同時(shí)將各GM814x 的IRQ 輸出又連接到MCU的IO,以便MCU響應(yīng)中斷后檢測(cè)是具體哪一個(gè)GM814x 輸出的中斷,然后再拉低對(duì)應(yīng)的CS,拉高其它GM814x的CS,并執(zhí)行通信操作。方式二:如果擴(kuò)展的GM814x 數(shù)量較多,采用上述擴(kuò)展方式可能會(huì)占用MCU較多的IO 資源,則可以將GM814x 的中斷輸出連接到具有OC 輸出的與門芯片上,再輸出到MCU 的中斷輸入。同時(shí)又將所有的GM814x 的中斷輸出進(jìn)行編碼輸入到MCU,以供其判斷產(chǎn)生中斷的是哪一個(gè)GM814x。方式三:將所有GM814x 的中斷輸出連接到優(yōu)先編碼器進(jìn)行編碼輸出,同時(shí)編碼器也能輸出低電平信號(hào)給MCU 作為中斷響應(yīng)。MCU 檢測(cè)編碼數(shù)據(jù)以獲知產(chǎn)生中斷的GM814x,然后進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)通信處理。這種方式電路最簡(jiǎn)單,占用MCU 的IO 資源也最少。 舉例:使用MCS51 單片機(jī)擴(kuò)展8 片GM814x。本電路中,采用了上述提到的第三種擴(kuò)展方式。通過(guò)普通的MCS51 單片機(jī)擴(kuò)展最多8 片GM814x,可擴(kuò)展最多32 個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)串口。為了節(jié)省MCU的IO 資源,電路中增加了一片8-3 線優(yōu)先編碼器74LS348 和一片3-8 線譯碼器74HC138。8 片GM814x 的IRQ 中斷通過(guò)一片74LS348 輸出中斷源向量,同時(shí)產(chǎn)生GS 低電平信號(hào)到MCS51 的外部中斷0 上,MCS51 響應(yīng)中斷后,可查詢A0~A2 的值確定產(chǎn)生中斷的GM814x,然后MCU 使能74HC138,輸出對(duì)應(yīng)的ABC 信號(hào)選中產(chǎn)生IRQ 信號(hào)的GM814x,再進(jìn)行SPI 總線上的數(shù)據(jù)通信。 示例程序:本示例程序使用C 語(yǔ)言描述,僅供參考。 由于74LS348 是優(yōu)先編碼器,多個(gè)中斷同時(shí)產(chǎn)生的時(shí)候,74LS348 的編碼只會(huì)指示輸入編號(hào)上最高的IRQ,MCU 無(wú)法直接獲知是否其它的GM814x 也產(chǎn)生了中斷。同時(shí)GM814x 在自己的中斷申請(qǐng)后,數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)降?bit 時(shí)會(huì)自動(dòng)清除,所以數(shù)據(jù)接收完后如果MCU 的中斷引腳仍然為低,則表示還有其它GM814x 的中斷申請(qǐng),故必須在處理完當(dāng)前中斷后繼續(xù)查詢新的中斷向量。這就是上述示例程序中while 循環(huán)的目的。 以上應(yīng)用建議僅供設(shè)計(jì)者參考,不代表最終實(shí)現(xiàn)方式,更可靠和實(shí)際的實(shí)現(xiàn)方式可由設(shè)計(jì)者根據(jù)自己的實(shí)際情況確定。l 示例中的數(shù)據(jù)、參數(shù)和標(biāo)志字命名不代表實(shí)際產(chǎn)品的特性,請(qǐng)參考實(shí)際產(chǎn)品的數(shù)據(jù)手冊(cè)來(lái)獲取你所需要的數(shù)據(jù)。
上傳時(shí)間: 2013-10-26
上傳用戶:suicoe
PIC系列單片機(jī)手冊(cè) 第1 章 簡(jiǎn)介 1-1簡(jiǎn)介 ................................................................................................................................................................. 1-2本手冊(cè)的宗旨 ................................................................................................................................................... 1-3器件結(jié)構(gòu) .......................................................................................................................................................... 1-4開(kāi)發(fā)支持 .......................................................................................................................................................... 1-6器件種類 .......................................................................................................................................................... 1-7格式和符號(hào)的約定 ......................................................................................................................................... 1-12相關(guān)文檔 ........................................................................................................................................................ 1-14相關(guān)應(yīng)用筆記 ................................................................................................................................................. 1-17版本歷史 ........................................................................................................................................................ 1-18第2 章 振蕩器 2-1簡(jiǎn)介 ................................................................................................................................................................. 2-2振蕩器配置 ...................................................................................................................................................... 2-2晶體振蕩器 / 陶瓷諧振器 ................................................................................................................................. 2-4外部RC 振蕩器 ............................................................................................................................................. 2-124MHz 內(nèi)部 RC 振蕩器 ................................................................................................................................... 2-13休眠模式對(duì)片內(nèi)振蕩器的影響 ........................................................................................................................ 2-17器件復(fù)位對(duì)片內(nèi)振蕩器的影響 ........................................................................................................................ 2-17設(shè)計(jì)技巧 ........................................................................................................................................................ 2-18相關(guān)應(yīng)用筆記 ................................................................................................................................................. 2-19版本歷史 ........................................................................................................................................................ 2-20第3 章 復(fù)位 3-1簡(jiǎn)介 ................................................................................................................................................................. 3-2上電復(fù)位、上電延時(shí)定時(shí)器、 起振定時(shí)器、欠壓復(fù)位和奇偶校驗(yàn)錯(cuò)誤復(fù)位 ...................................................... 3-4寄存器和狀態(tài)位的值 ...................................................................................................................................... 3-10設(shè)計(jì)技巧 ........................................................................................................................................................ 3-16相關(guān)應(yīng)用筆記 ................................................................................................................................................. 3-17版本歷史 ........................................................................................................................................................ 3-18 第4 章 架構(gòu) 4-1簡(jiǎn)介 ................................................................................................................................................................. 4-2時(shí)序圖/ 指令周期 ............................................................................................................................................ 4-5指令流/ 流水線 ................................................................................................................................................ 4-6I/O 端口描述 .................................................................................................................................................... 4-7設(shè)計(jì)技巧 ........................................................................................................................................................ 4-12相關(guān)應(yīng)用筆記 ................................................................................................................................................. 4-13版本歷史 ........................................................................................................................................................ 4-14 第5 章 CPU 和ALU 5-1簡(jiǎn)介 ................................................................................................................................................................. 5-2指令的一般格式 ............................................................................................................................................... 5-4中央處理單元(CPU) .................................................................................................................................... 5-4指令時(shí)鐘 .......................................................................................................................................................... 5-4算術(shù)邏輯單元(ALU) .................................................................................................................................... 5-5狀態(tài)寄存器 ...................................................................................................................................................... 5-6OPTION_REG 寄存器 ..................................................................................................................................... 5-8電源控制寄存器 ............................................................................................................................................... 5-9設(shè)計(jì)技巧 ........................................................................................................................................................ 5-10相關(guān)應(yīng)用筆記 ................................................................................................................................................. 5-11版本歷史 ........................................................................................................................................................ 5-12第6 章 存儲(chǔ)器構(gòu)成 6-1簡(jiǎn)介 ................................................................................................................................................................. 6-2程序存儲(chǔ)器構(gòu)成 ............................................................................................................................................... 6-2數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)器構(gòu)成 ............................................................................................................................................... 6-8初始化 ........................................................................................................................................................... 6-14設(shè)計(jì)技巧 ........................................................................................................................................................ 6-16相關(guān)應(yīng)用筆記 ................................................................................................................................................. 6-17版本歷史 ........................................................................................................................................................ 6-18第7 章 數(shù)據(jù)EEPROM 7-1簡(jiǎn)介 ................................................................................................................................................................. 7-2控制寄存器 ...................................................................................................................................................... 7-3EEADR ............................................................................................................................................................ 7-4EECON1 和EECON2 寄存器 .......................................................................................................................... 7-4從EEPROM 數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)器中讀數(shù)據(jù) .................................................................................................................... 7-5向EEPROM 數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)器中寫數(shù)據(jù) .................................................................................................................... 7-5寫校驗(yàn) ............................................................................................................................................................. 7-6誤寫操作保護(hù) ................................................................................................................................................... 7-7代碼保護(hù)配置下的數(shù)據(jù)EEPROM 操作 ............................................................................................................. 7-7初始化 ............................................................................................................................................................. 7-7設(shè)計(jì)技巧 .......................................................................................................................................................... 7-8相關(guān)應(yīng)用筆記 ................................................................................................................................................... 7-9版本歷史 ........................................................................................................................................................ 7-10第8 章 中斷 8-1簡(jiǎn)介 ................................................................................................................................................................. 8-2控制寄存器 ...................................................................................................................................................... 8-5中斷響應(yīng)延時(shí) ................................................................................................................................................. 8-10INT 和外部中斷 .............................................................................................................................................. 8-10中斷的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)保護(hù) ............................................................................................................................................. 8-11初始化 ........................................................................................................................................................... 8-14設(shè)計(jì)技巧 ........................................................................................................................................................ 8-16相關(guān)應(yīng)用筆記 ................................................................................................................................................. 8-17版本歷史 ........................................................................................................................................................ 8-18第9 章 I/O 端口 9-1簡(jiǎn)介 ................................................................................................................................................................. 9-2PORTA 和TRISA 寄存器 ................................................................................................................................ 9-4PORTB 和TRISB 寄存器 ................................................................................................................................ 9-6PORTC 和TRISC 寄存器 ................................................................................................................................ 9-8PORTD 和TRISD 寄存器 ................................................................................................................................ 9-9PORTE 和TRISE 寄存器 ............................................................................................................................... 9-10PORTF 和 TRISF 寄存器 ............................................................................................................................... 9-11PORTG 和TRISG 寄存器 .............................................................................................................................. 9-12GPIO 和TRISGP 寄存器 ............................................................................................................................... 9-13I/O 編程注意事項(xiàng) ........................................................................................................................................... 9-14初始化 ........................................................................................................................................................... 9-16設(shè)計(jì)技巧 ........................................................................................................................................................ 9-17相關(guān)應(yīng)用筆記 ................................................................................................................................................. 9-19版本歷史 ........................................................................................................................................................ 9-20第10 章 并行從動(dòng)端口 10-1簡(jiǎn)介 ............................................................................................................................................................... 10-2控制寄存器 .................................................................................................................................................... 10-3操作 ............................................................................................................................................................... 10-4休眠模式下的操作 ......................................................................................................................................... 10-5復(fù)位的影響 .................................................................................................................................................... 10-5PSP 波形 ....................................................................................................................................................... 10-5設(shè)計(jì)技巧 ........................................................................................................................................................ 10-6相關(guān)應(yīng)用筆記 ................................................................................................................................................. 10-7版本歷史 ........................................................................................................................................................ 10-8 第11 章 TIMER0 11-1簡(jiǎn)介 ............................................................................................................................................................... 11-2控制寄存器 .................................................................................................................................................... 11-3操作 ............................................................................................................................................................... 11-4TMR0 中斷 .................................................................................................................................................... 11-5Timer0 外部時(shí)鐘的使用 ................................................................................................................................. 11-6TMR0 的預(yù)分頻器 ......................................................................................................................................... 11-7設(shè)計(jì)技巧 ...................................................................................................................................................... 11-10相關(guān)應(yīng)用筆記 ............................................................................................................................................... 11-11版本歷史 ...................................................................................................................................................... 11-12第12 章 TIMER1 12-1簡(jiǎn)介 ............................................................................................................................................................... 12-2控制寄存器 .................................................................................................................................................... 12-3Timer1 工作在定時(shí)器模式 ..............................................................................................................................12-4Timer1 工作在同步計(jì)數(shù)器模式 ....................................................................................................................... 12-4Timer1 工作在異步計(jì)數(shù)器模式 ....................................................................................................................... 12-5Timer1 振蕩器 ............................................................................................................................................... 12-7休眠操作 ........................................................................................................................................................ 12-9用CCP 觸發(fā)器的輸出將Timer1 復(fù)位 ............................................................................................................. 12-9Timer1 寄存器(TMR1H:TMR1L)的復(fù)位 .................................................................................................... 12-9Timer1 預(yù)分頻器 ............................................................................................................................................ 12-9初始化 ......................................................................................................................................................... 12-10設(shè)計(jì)技巧 ...................................................................................................................................................... 12-12相關(guān)應(yīng)用筆記 ............................................................................................................................................... 12-13版本歷史 ...................................................................................................................................................... 12-14第13 章 TIMER2 13-1簡(jiǎn)介 ............................................................................................................................................................... 13-2控制寄存器 .................................................................................................................................................... 13-3定時(shí)器時(shí)鐘源 ................................................................................................................................................. 13-4定時(shí)器TMR2 和PR2 周期寄存器 .................................................................................................................. 13-4TMR2 匹配輸出 ............................................................................................................................................. 13-4將Timer2 的預(yù)分頻器和后分頻器清零 ........................................................................................................... 13-4休眠操作 ........................................................................................................................................................ 13-4初始化 ........................................................................................................................................................... 13-5設(shè)計(jì)技巧 ........................................................................................................................................................ 13-6相關(guān)應(yīng)用筆記 ................................................................................................................................................. 13-7版本歷史 ........................................................................................................................................................ 13-8第14 章 比較/ 捕捉/ 脈寬調(diào)制(CCP) 14-1簡(jiǎn)介 ............................................................................................................................................................... 14-2控制寄存器 .................................................................................................................................................... 14-3捕捉模式 ........................................................................................................................................................ 14-4比較模式 ........................................................................................................................................................ 14-6PWM 模式 ..................................................................................................................................................... 14-8初始化 ......................................................................................................................................................... 14-12設(shè)計(jì)技巧 ...................................................................................................................................................... 14-15相關(guān)應(yīng)用筆記 ............................................................................................................................................... 14-17版本歷史 ...................................................................................................................................................... 14-18第15 章 同步串行口(SSP) 15-1簡(jiǎn)介 ............................................................................................................................................................... 15-2控制寄存器 .................................................................................................................................................... 15-3SPITM 模式 .................................................................................................................................................... 15-6SSP 模塊的I2CTM 操作 ............................................................................................................................... 15-16初始化 ......................................................................................................................................................... 15-26設(shè)計(jì)技巧 ...................................................................................................................................................... 15-28相關(guān)應(yīng)用筆記 ............................................................................................................................................... 15-29版本歷史 ...................................................................................................................................................... 15-30第16 章 基本同步串行口(BSSP) 16-1簡(jiǎn)介 ............................................................................................................................................................... 16-2控制寄存器 .................................................................................................................................................... 16-3SPITM 模式 .................................................................................................................................................... 16-6SSP 模塊 的I2CTM 操作 ............................................................................................................................... 16-15初始化 ......................................................................................................................................................... 16-23設(shè)計(jì)技巧 ...................................................................................................................................................... 16-24相關(guān)應(yīng)用筆記 ............................................................................................................................................... 16-25版本歷史 ...................................................................................................................................................... 16-26第17 章 主同步串行口(MSSP) 17-1簡(jiǎn)介 ............................................................................................................................................................... 17-2控制寄存器 .................................................................................................................................................... 17-4SPITM 模式 .................................................................................................................................................... 17-9SSP 模塊的 I2C™ 操作 ............................................................................................................................... 17-18I2CTM 總線的連接注意事項(xiàng) ........................................................................................................................... 17-56初始化 ......................................................................................................................................................... 17-57設(shè)計(jì)技巧 ...................................................................................................................................................... 17-58相關(guān)應(yīng)用筆記 ............................................................................................................................................... 17-59版本歷史 ...................................................................................................................................................... 17-60第18 章 USART 18-1簡(jiǎn)介 ............................................................................................................................................................... 18-2控制寄存器 .................................................................................................................................................... 18-3USART 波特率發(fā)生器(BRG) ..................................................................................................................... 18-5USART 異步工作模式 ................................................................................................................................... 18-8USART 同步主控模式 .................................................................................................................................. 18-15USART 同步從動(dòng)模式 ................................................................................................................................. 18-19初始化 ......................................................................................................................................................... 18-21設(shè)計(jì)技巧 ...................................................................................................................................................... 18-22相關(guān)應(yīng)用筆記 ............................................................................................................................................... 18-23版本歷史 ...................................................................................................................................................... 18-24第19 章 參考電壓模塊 19-1簡(jiǎn)介 ............................................................................................................................................................... 19-2控制寄存器 .................................................................................................................................................... 19-3配置參考電壓 ................................................................................................................................................. 19-4參考電壓精度 ................................................................................................................................................. 19-5休眠模式下的操作 ......................................................................................................................................... 19-5復(fù)位的影響 .................................................................................................................................................... 19-5連接注意事項(xiàng) ................................................................................................................................................. 19-6初始化 ........................................................................................................................................................... 19-7設(shè)計(jì)技巧 ........................................................................................................................................................ 19-8相關(guān)應(yīng)用筆記 ................................................................................................................................................. 19-9版本歷史 ...................................................................................................................................................... 19-10第20 章 比較器 20-1簡(jiǎn)介 ............................................................................................................................................................... 20-2控制寄存器 .................................................................................................................................................... 20-3設(shè)置比較器模式 ............................................................................................................................................. 20-4比較器工作原理 ............................................................................................................................................. 20-6比較器參考源 ................................................................................................................................................. 20-6比較器的響應(yīng)時(shí)間 ......................................................................................................................................... 20-8比較器輸出 .................................................................................................................................................... 20-8比較器中斷 .................................................................................................................................................... 20-9休眠狀態(tài)下比較器的操作 ............................................................................................................................... 20-9復(fù)位的影響 .................................................................................................................................................... 20-9模擬輸入連接方式注意事項(xiàng) .......................................................................................................................... 20-10初始化 ......................................................................................................................................................... 20-11設(shè)計(jì)技巧 ...................................................................................................................................................... 20-12相關(guān)應(yīng)用筆記 ............................................................................................................................................... 20-13版本歷史 ...................................................................................................................................................... 20-14第21 章 8 位A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換器 21-1簡(jiǎn)介 ............................................................................................................................................................... 21-2控制寄存器 .................................................................................................................................................... 21-3操作 ............................................................................................................................................................... 21-5A/D 采集時(shí)間要求 .......................................................................................................................................... 21-6A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)鐘的選擇 ...................................................................................................................................... 21-8配置模擬輸入端口 ......................................................................................................................................... 21-9A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換 ...................................................................................................................................................... 21-10休眠期間的A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換 ................................................................................................................................... 21-12A/D 精度/ 誤差 ............................................................................................................................................ 21-13復(fù)位對(duì)A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換的影響 ................................................................................................................................ 21-13CCP 觸發(fā)器的使用 ...................................................................................................................................... 21-14連接注意事項(xiàng) ............................................................................................................................................... 21-14傳遞函數(shù) ...................................................................................................................................................... 21-14初始化 ......................................................................................................................................................... 21-15設(shè)計(jì)技巧 ...................................................................................................................................................... 21-16相關(guān)應(yīng)用筆記 ............................................................................................................................................... 21-17版本歷史 ...................................................................................................................................................... 21-18第22 章 基本型8 位A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換器 22-1簡(jiǎn)介 ............................................................................................................................................................... 22-2控制寄存器 .................................................................................................................................................... 22-3A/D 采集時(shí)間要求 .......................................................................................................................................... 22-6A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)鐘的選擇 ...................................................................................................................................... 22-8配置模擬輸入端口 ....................................................................................................................................... 22-10A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換 ...................................................................................................................................................... 22-11休眠期間的A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換 ................................................................................................................................... 22-14A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換精度/ 誤差 ..................................................................................................................................... 22-15復(fù)位對(duì)A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換的影響 ................................................................................................................................ 22-16連接時(shí)的考慮事項(xiàng) ....................................................................................................................................... 22-16傳遞函數(shù) ...................................................................................................................................................... 22-16初始化 ......................................................................................................................................................... 22-17設(shè)計(jì)技巧 ...................................................................................................................................................... 22-18相關(guān)應(yīng)用筆記 ............................................................................................................................................... 22-19版本歷史 ...................................................................................................................................................... 22-20第23 章 10 位A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換器 23-1簡(jiǎn)介 ............................................................................................................................................................... 23-2控制寄存器 .................................................................................................................................................... 23-3操作 ............................................................................................................................................................... 23-5A/D 采集時(shí)間要求 .......................................................................................................................................... 23-6A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)鐘的選擇 ...................................................................................................................................... 23-8模擬輸入引腳的設(shè)置 ...................................................................................................................................... 23-9A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換的編程舉例 .................................................................................................................................... 23-10休眠期間的A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換 ................................................................................................................................... 23-14復(fù)位對(duì)A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換的影響 ................................................................................................................................ 23-14A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換精度與誤差 .................................................................................................................................... 23-15連接時(shí)的考慮事項(xiàng) ....................................................................................................................................... 23-16傳遞函數(shù) ...................................................................................................................................................... 23-16初始化 ......................................................................................................................................................... 23-17設(shè)計(jì)技巧 ...................................................................................................................................................... 23-18相關(guān)應(yīng)用筆記 ............................................................................................................................................... 23-19版本歷史 ...................................................................................................................................................... 23-20第24 章 積分型A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換器 24-1簡(jiǎn)介 ............................................................................................................................................................... 24-2控制寄存器 .................................................................................................................................................... 24-3轉(zhuǎn)換過(guò)程 ........................................................................................................................................................ 24-6其它模擬模塊 ............................................................................................................................................... 24-12校準(zhǔn)參數(shù) ...................................................................................................................................................... 24-13設(shè)計(jì)技巧 ...................................................................................................................................................... 24-14相關(guān)應(yīng)用筆記 ............................................................................................................................................... 24-15版本歷史 ...................................................................................................................................................... 24-16第25 章 LCD 25-1簡(jiǎn)介 ............................................................................................................................................................... 25-2控制寄存器 .................................................................................................................................................... 25-3LCD 定時(shí) ....................................................................................................................................................... 25-6LCD 中斷 ..................................................................................................................................................... 25-12像素控制 ...................................................................................................................................................... 25-13電壓發(fā)生器 .................................................................................................................................................. 25-15休眠模式下的操作 ....................................................................................................................................... 25-16復(fù)位的影響 .................................................................................................................................................. 25-17LCD 模塊的設(shè)置 .......................................................................................................................................... 25-17判別比 ......................................................................................................................................................... 25-18LCD 電壓發(fā)生器 .......................................................................................................................................... 25-20對(duì)比度 ......................................................................................................................................................... 25-22LCD 玻璃基板 .............................................................................................................................................. 25-22初始化 ......................................................................................................................................................... 25-23設(shè)計(jì)技巧 ...................................................................................................................................................... 25-24相關(guān)應(yīng)用筆記 ............................................................................................................................................... 25-25版本歷史 ...................................................................................................................................................... 25-26第26 章 看門狗定時(shí)器與休眠模式 26-1簡(jiǎn)介 ............................................................................................................................................................... 26-2控制寄存器 .................................................................................................................................................... 26-3看門狗定時(shí)器(WDT)的操作 ....................................................................................................................... 26-4休眠省電模式 ................................................................................................................................................. 26-7初始化 ........................................................................................................................................................... 26-9設(shè)計(jì)技巧 ...................................................................................................................................................... 26-10相關(guān)應(yīng)用筆記 ............................................................................................................................................... 26-11版本歷史 ...................................................................................................................................................... 26-12第27 章 器件配置位 27-1簡(jiǎn)介 ............................................................................................................................................................... 27-2配置字位 ........................................................................................................................................................ 27-4編程校驗(yàn)/ 代碼保護(hù) ....................................................................................................................................... 27-8識(shí)別碼ID 的位置 ........................................................................................................................................... 27-9設(shè)計(jì)技巧 ...................................................................................................................................................... 27-10相關(guān)應(yīng)用筆記 ............................................................................................................................................... 27-11版本歷史 ...................................................................................................................................................... 27-12第28 章 在線串行編程 28-1簡(jiǎn)介 ............................................................................................................................................................... 28-2進(jìn)入在線串行編程模式 .................................................................................................................................. 28-3應(yīng)用電路 ........................................................................................................................................................ 28-4編程器 ........................................................................................................................................................... 28-6編程環(huán)境 ........................................................................................................................................................ 28-6其它優(yōu)點(diǎn) ........................................................................................................................................................ 28-7PICmicro® OTP 型單片機(jī)的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)編程 ............................................................................................................. 28-8FLASH 型 PICmicro® 單片機(jī)的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)編程 ...................................................................................................... 28-10設(shè)計(jì)技巧 ...................................................................................................................................................... 28-12相關(guān)應(yīng)用筆記 ............................................................................................................................................... 28-13版本歷史 ...................................................................................................................................................... 28-14第29 章 指令集 29-1簡(jiǎn)介 ............................................................................................................................................................... 29-2指令格式 ........................................................................................................................................................ 29-4作為源/ 目標(biāo)寄存器的特殊功能寄存器 ........................................................................................................... 29-6Q 周期操作 .................................................................................................................................................... 29-7指令描述 ........................................................................................................................................................ 29-8設(shè)計(jì)技巧 ...................................................................................................................................................... 29-45相關(guān)應(yīng)用筆記 ............................................................................................................................................... 29-47版本歷史 ...................................................................................................................................................... 29-48第30 章 電氣規(guī)范 30-1簡(jiǎn)介 ............................................................................................................................................................... 30-2絕對(duì)最大值 .................................................................................................................................................... 30-3器件選型表 .................................................................................................................................................... 30-4器件電壓規(guī)范 ................................................................................................................................................. 30-5器件電流特性 ................................................................................................................................................. 30-6輸入閾值電平 ................................................................................................................................................. 30-9I/O 電流特性 ................................................................................................................................................ 30-10輸出驅(qū)動(dòng)電壓 ............................................................................................................................................... 30-11I/O 引腳的容性負(fù)載 ..................................................................................................................................... 30-12數(shù)據(jù)EEPROM / 閃存 .................................................................................................................................. 30-13LCD ............................................................................................................................................................. 30-14比較器和參考電壓 ....................................................................................................................................... 30-15時(shí)序參數(shù)符號(hào) ............................................................................................................................................... 30-16外部時(shí)鐘時(shí)序波形圖和時(shí)序要求示例 ............................................................................................................ 30-17上電和復(fù)位時(shí)序波形圖及要求示例 ............................................................................................................... 30-19定時(shí)器Timer0 和Timer1 時(shí)序波形圖及要求示例 ......................................................................................... 30-20CCP 的時(shí)序圖及要求 ................................................................................................................................... 30-21并行從動(dòng)端口 (PSP) 時(shí)序圖及要求 .............................................................................................................. 30-22SSP 和 MSSP SPITM 模式時(shí)序波形圖及要求示例 ....................................................................................... 30-23SSP I2CTM 模式時(shí)序波形圖及要求示例 ........................................................................................................ 30-27MSSP I2CTM 模式時(shí)序波形圖及要求示例 ..................................................................................................... 30-30USART/SCI 時(shí)序波形圖及要求示例 ............................................................................................................. 30-328 位 A/D 時(shí)序波形圖及要求示例 ................................................................................................................... 30-3410 位A/D 時(shí)序波形圖及要求示例 ................................................................................................................. 30-36積分型A/D 時(shí)序波形圖及要求示例 ............................................................................................................... 30-38LCD 時(shí)序波形圖及要求示例 ......................................................................................................................... 30-40相關(guān)應(yīng)用筆記 ............................................................................................................................................... 30-41版本歷史 ...................................................................................................................................................... 30-42第31 章 器件特性 31-1簡(jiǎn)介 ............................................................................................................................................................... 31-2特性和電氣規(guī)范 ............................................................................................................................................. 31-2DC 和AC 特性圖表 ....................................................................................................................................... 31-2版本歷史 ...................................................................................................................................................... 31-22第32 章 開(kāi)發(fā)工具 32-1簡(jiǎn)介 ............................................................................................................................................................... 32-2集成開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境(IDE) ................................................................................................................................... 32-3MPLAB® 軟件語(yǔ)言支持 ................................................................................................................................. 32-6MPLAB® SIM 軟件模擬器 ............................................................................................................................... 32-8MPLAB® 硬件仿真器支持 ............................................................................................................................... 32-9MPLAB® 編程器支持 ................................................................................................................................... 32-10輔助工具 ...................................................................................................................................................... 32-11開(kāi)發(fā)板 ......................................................................................................................................................... 32-12針對(duì)其它Microchip 產(chǎn)品的開(kāi)發(fā)工具 ............................................................................................................ 32-14相關(guān)應(yīng)用筆記 ............................................................................................................................................... 32-15版本歷史 ...................................................................................................................................................... 32-16第33 章 代碼開(kāi)發(fā) 33-1版本歷史 ........................................................................................................................................................ 33-2第34 章 附錄 34-1I2CTM 概述...................................................................................................................................................... 34-2LCD 玻璃基板生產(chǎn)商.................................................................................................................................... 34-11改進(jìn)的器件特性............................................................................................................................................ 34-13版本歷史....................................................................................................................................................... 34-19第35 章 術(shù)語(yǔ)表 35-1版本歷史 ...................................................................................................................................................... 35-14目錄
上傳時(shí)間: 2013-11-15
上傳用戶:nanshan
本論文以MS320DM642數(shù)字信號(hào)處理器為核心,搭建了聲源定位及攝像頭自動(dòng)控制的平臺(tái)。論文中論述了:McASP的原理和應(yīng)用方法;聲波的A/D變換及采樣模塊設(shè)計(jì)以及該模塊與DSP的接口設(shè)計(jì);通過(guò)擴(kuò)展存儲(chǔ)器接口EMIF對(duì)DSP進(jìn)行外部存儲(chǔ)器擴(kuò)展的設(shè)計(jì)以及地址空間配置;利用CPLD作為地址、數(shù)據(jù)總線管理模塊的設(shè)計(jì);UART串行傳輸模塊設(shè)計(jì);對(duì)FLASH的分頁(yè)控制和程序代碼燒寫;以及通過(guò)RS485串行傳輸協(xié)議對(duì)攝像頭進(jìn)行控制的原理和程序設(shè)計(jì)。
上傳時(shí)間: 2013-11-22
上傳用戶:rtsm07
德州儀器 (TI) 處理器幾乎能滿足您所能想到的各種應(yīng)用需求。我們陣營(yíng)強(qiáng)大的處理器系列擁有各種價(jià)位、性能及功耗的產(chǎn)品可供選擇,能滿足幾乎任何數(shù)字電子設(shè)計(jì)的要求。利用 TI 廣博的系統(tǒng)專業(yè)知識(shí)、針對(duì)外設(shè)設(shè)計(jì)的全方位支持以及隨時(shí)可方便獲得的全套軟件與配套模擬組件,您能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)無(wú)窮無(wú)盡的設(shè)計(jì)方案。德州儀器 2008 年第二季度 數(shù)字信號(hào)處理選擇指南TI 數(shù)字信號(hào)處理技術(shù)介紹1Ô數(shù)字媒體處理器OMAP應(yīng)用處理器C6000數(shù)字信號(hào)處理器C5000數(shù)字信號(hào)處理器C2000數(shù)字信號(hào)處理器MSP430微控制器音頻汽車通信工業(yè)醫(yī)療安全監(jiān)控視頻無(wú)線主要特性完整的定制型視頻解決方案低功耗與高性能高性能低功耗與高性能結(jié)合高性能與高集成度可實(shí)現(xiàn)更環(huán)保的工業(yè)應(yīng)用超低功耗達(dá)芬奇數(shù)字媒體處理器:針對(duì)數(shù)字視頻而精心優(yōu)化達(dá)芬奇 (DaVinci) 技術(shù)包括可擴(kuò)展的可編程信號(hào)處理片上系統(tǒng) (SoC)、加速器與外設(shè),專為滿足各種視頻終端設(shè)備在性價(jià)比與特性方面的要求進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化。最新的 OMAP™ 應(yīng)用處理器:最佳的通用多媒體與圖形功能TI 高度可擴(kuò)展的 OMAP 平臺(tái)能夠以任何單芯片組合實(shí)現(xiàn)業(yè)界通用多媒體與圖形處理功能的最佳組合。最新推出的四款 OMAP35x 器件的目標(biāo)應(yīng)用非常廣泛,其中包括便攜式導(dǎo)航設(shè)備、因特網(wǎng)設(shè)備、便攜式媒體播放器以及個(gè)人醫(yī)療設(shè)備等。最高性能:TMS320C6000™ DSP平臺(tái)C6000™ DSP 平臺(tái)可提供業(yè)界最高性能的定點(diǎn)與浮點(diǎn) DSP,理想適用于視頻、影像、寬帶基礎(chǔ)局端以及高性能音頻等應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域。低功耗與高性能相結(jié)合:TMS320C5000™ DSP 平臺(tái)C5000™ DSP 平臺(tái)不僅可提供業(yè)界最低的待機(jī)功耗,同時(shí)還支持高級(jí)自動(dòng)化電源管理,能夠充分滿足諸如數(shù)字音樂(lè)播放器、VoIP、免提終端附件、GPS 接收機(jī)以及便攜式醫(yī)療設(shè)備等個(gè)人及便攜式產(chǎn)品的需求。結(jié)合類似 MCU 的控制功能與DSP 的高性能:TMS320C2000™數(shù)字信號(hào)控制器C2000™ 數(shù)字信號(hào)控制器 (DSC) 平臺(tái)融合了控制外設(shè)的集成功能與微控制器 (MCU) 的易用性,以及 TI 先進(jìn)DSP 技術(shù)的處理能力和 C 語(yǔ)言編程效率。C2000 DSC 理想適用于嵌入式工業(yè)應(yīng)用,如數(shù)字馬達(dá)控制、數(shù)字電源以及智能傳感器等。MSP430 超低功耗微控制器平臺(tái)TI MSP430 系列超低功耗 16 位 RISC 混合信號(hào)處理器可為電池供電的測(cè)量應(yīng)用提供具有終極性能的解決方案。TI充分發(fā)揮自身在混合信號(hào)與數(shù)字技術(shù)領(lǐng)域卓越的領(lǐng)先優(yōu)勢(shì), 推出的MSP430 使系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)人員不僅能夠同時(shí)實(shí)現(xiàn)與模擬信號(hào)、傳感器與數(shù)字組件的接口相連,而且還能實(shí)現(xiàn)無(wú)與倫比的低功耗。輕松易用的軟件與開(kāi)發(fā)工具對(duì)于加速 DSP 產(chǎn)品開(kāi)發(fā)而言,TMS320™ DSP 獲得了 eXpressDSP™ 軟件與開(kāi)發(fā)工具的支持,其中包括Code Composer Studio™ IDE、DSP/BIOS™內(nèi)核、TMS320 DSP 算法標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以及眾多可重復(fù)使用的模塊化軟件等,均來(lái)自業(yè)界最大規(guī)模開(kāi)發(fā)商網(wǎng)絡(luò)。配套模擬產(chǎn)品TI 可提供各種配套的數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換器、電源管理、放大器、接口與邏輯產(chǎn)品,能夠充分滿足您設(shè)計(jì)的整體需求。
標(biāo)簽: 數(shù)字信號(hào)處理 選擇指南
上傳時(shí)間: 2013-10-14
上傳用戶:jasson5678
設(shè)計(jì)了一種由直接數(shù)字頻率合成(DDS)、倍頻鏈構(gòu)成的三次變頻直接頻率合成方案,實(shí)現(xiàn)了低相噪捷變頻高分辨率毫米波雷達(dá)頻率合成器設(shè)計(jì)。利用直接頻率合成器的倍頻輸出取代傳統(tǒng)三次變頻毫米波頻率源的鎖相環(huán)(PLL),同時(shí)提供線性調(diào)頻(LFM)信號(hào),優(yōu)化DDS和變頻方案的頻率配置關(guān)系。利用FPGA電路進(jìn)行高速控制,較好地解決了毫米波頻率合成器各技術(shù)指標(biāo)之間的矛盾。實(shí)測(cè)結(jié)果表明,采用該方案的毫米波頻率合成器在本振跳頻帶寬為160 MHz時(shí),線性調(diào)頻頻率分辨率可達(dá)0.931 Hz,最大頻率轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)間小于2 ?滋s,最大雜散低于-60 dBc,相位噪聲優(yōu)于-90 dBc/Hz。
上傳時(shí)間: 2014-01-06
上傳用戶:brain kung
本系統(tǒng)由支路控制器、單元控制器、顯示模塊、電源模塊四大主要部分構(gòu)成。支路控制器由SCT89C52單片機(jī)作為核心器件,輔以光敏電阻檢測(cè)環(huán)境的變化,通過(guò)光電傳感器檢測(cè)道路交通狀況,在路燈LED外殼內(nèi)加裝光敏電阻以檢測(cè)路燈是否故障等,實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)系統(tǒng)整體功能控制;單元控制器以STC89C52作為控制核心,實(shí)現(xiàn)與支路控制器的通信,控制單元路燈的自動(dòng)開(kāi)關(guān)燈,控制恒流源輸出功率的大小,輔以自制恒流源提供LED路燈電源;顯示模塊以LCD12864為核心器件,實(shí)現(xiàn)各路燈開(kāi)關(guān)燈時(shí)間、路燈狀態(tài)等信息的顯示。整個(gè)系統(tǒng)功能齊全,精度高,穩(wěn)定性好,各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)均滿足設(shè)計(jì)要求,人機(jī)界面良好。
標(biāo)簽: 模擬路燈 控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 報(bào)告
上傳時(shí)間: 2013-12-20
上傳用戶:weareno2
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