RSA算法 :首先, 找出三個數, p, q, r, 其中 p, q 是兩個相異的質數, r 是與 (p-1)(q-1) 互質的數...... p, q, r 這三個數便是 person_key，接著, 找出 m, 使得 r^m == 1 mod (p-1)(q-1)..... 這個 m 一定存在, 因為 r 與 (p-1)(q-1) 互質, 用輾轉相除法就可以得到了..... 再來, 計算 n = pq....... m, n 這兩個數便是 public_key ，編碼過程是, 若資料為 a, 將其看成是一個大整數, 假設 a < n.... 如果 a >= n 的話, 就將 a 表成 s 進位 (s
We have a group of N items (represented by integers from 1 to N), and we know that there is some total order defined for these items. You may assume that no two elements will be equal (for all a, b: a<b or b<a). However, it is expensive to compare two items. Your task is to make a number of comparisons, and then output the sorted order. The cost of determining if a < b is given by the bth integer of element a of costs (space delimited), which is the same as the ath integer of element b. Naturally, you will be judged on the total cost of the comparisons you make before outputting the sorted order. If your order is incorrect, you will receive a 0. Otherwise, your score will be opt/cost, where opt is the best cost anyone has achieved and cost is the total cost of the comparisons you make (so your score for a test case will be between 0 and 1). Your score for the problem will simply be the sum of your scores for the individual test cases.
