Licensed spectrum remains 3GPP operators’ top priority to deliver
advanced services and user experience
Opportunistic use of unlicensed spectrum is becoming an important
complement for operators to meet the growing traffic demand
Moving forward 3GPP operators will have two options to offload
traffic to unlicensed spectrum:
1. Wi-Fi (via LTE/Wi-Fi interworking)
2. LTE over unlicensed
It will then be up to each individual operator to choose which
approach to use, which will depend on a number of factors
This book describes how global mobile communication was made. It is written for those who
want or need to know how this was achieved e.g.:
? Young professionals who want to build their career on GSM and UMTS and need to
understand the basics
? Strategic and technical planners who want to drive the future GSM and UMTS develop-
ment
? Strategists who plan to repeat GSM’s success in the fourth generation
? Academics, who want to understand and analyse the development of GSM and UMTS;
? Activists in other large scale international communication projects who want to use
experiences gained
When digital media is perceived only as a tool to deliver content the potential for
using its affordances to explore meaning is lost. Rather than seeing media only as
an access point, we can view it as a way to enhance the expressiveness of content.
Today blogs, wikis, messaging, mash-ups, and social media (Facebook, Twitter,
YouTube and others) offer authors ways to create narrative meaning that refl ects
our new media culture. We can look to the past for similarities and parallels to
better understand how to use social media as a creative tool with which to
dialogue, collaborate, and create interactive narratives.
Mobile and wireless application development has come a long way in the past few
years. It has progressed beyond the hype of wireless Web applications for consumers
to the reality of high-value mobile applications for corporate users. Opportunities
abound for creating new mobile and wireless applications that provide vital benefits to
any business. A sampling of these benefits includes increased worker productivity,
reduced processing costs, heightened accuracy, and competitive advantage. In contrast
is the concern that developing mobile and wireless applications will involve many new
technologies and concepts that many corporate developers are still learning to use.
In general there are three different techniques for performance evaluation of
systems and networks: mathematical analysis, measurements, and computer
simulation. All these techniques have their strength and weaknesses. In the
literature there are plenty of discussions about when to use which technique,
how to apply it, and which pitfalls are related to which evaluation technique.
Soon after Samuel Morse’s telegraphing device led to a deployed electri-
cal telecommunications system in 1843, waiting lines began to form by those
wanting to use the system. At this writing queueing is still a significant factor in
designing and operating communications services, whether they are provided
over the Internet or by other means, such as circuit switched networks.
Developers, manufacturers and marketers of products incorporating short-
range radio systems are experts in their fields—security, telemetry,
medical care, to name a few. Often they add a wireless interface just to
eliminate wires on an existing wired product. They may adapt a wireless
subsystem, which is easy to integrate electrically into their system, only to
find that the range is far short of what they expected, there are frequent
false alarms, or it doesn’t work at all. It is for these adapters of wireless
subsystems that this book is primarily intended.
Once upon a time, cellular wireless networks provided two basic services: voice
telephony and low-rate text messaging. Users in the network were separated
by orthogonal multiple access schemes, and cells by generous frequency reuse
patterns [1]. Since then, the proliferation of wireless services, fierce competition,
andthe emergenceof new service classes such as wireless data and multimediahave
resulted in an ever increasing pressure on network operators to use resources in a
moreefficient manner.In the contextof wireless networks,two of the most common
resources are power and spectrum—and, due to regulations, these resources are
typically scarce. Hence, in contrast to wired networks, overprovisioning is not
feasible in wireless networks.
Visible light communications (VLC) is the name given to an optical wireless
communication system that carries information by modulating light in the visible spectrum
(400–700 nm) that is principally used for illumination [1–3]. The communications signal
is encoded on top of the illumination light. Interest in VLC has grown rapidly with the
growth of high power light emitting diodes (LEDs) in the visible spectrum. The
motivation to use the illumination light for communication is to save energy by exploiting
the illumination to carry information and, at the same time, to use technology that is
“green” in comparison to radio frequency (RF) technology, while using the existing
infrastructure of the lighting system.
Welcome to the exciting, empowering world of home automation! If you have
ever wanted your home to do more than just protect you against the outside
elements and want to interface it to the digital domain, this book will show
you how. By demonstrating several easy-to-build projects, you will be able to
take the skills you learned from this book and expand upon and apply them
toward custom home automation projects of your own design.
