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關于FPGA流水線設計的論文\r\nThis work investigates the use of very deep pipelines for\r\nimplementing circuits in FPGAs, where each pipeline\r\nstage is limited to a single FPGA logic Element (LE). The\r\narchitecture and VHDL design of a parameterized integer\r\na
標簽：
FPGA
流水線
論文
上傳時間：
2013-09-03
上傳用戶：wl9454
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This application note describes a Linear Technology "Half-Flash" A/D converter, the LTC1099, being connected to a 256 Element line scan photodiode array. This technology adapts itself to handheld (i.e., low power) bar code readers, as well as high resolution automated machine inspection applications..
標簽：
1099
LTC
8位
AD轉換
上傳時間：
2013-11-21
上傳用戶：lchjng
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分析了調幅信號和載波信號之間的相位差與調制信號的極性的對應關系,得出了相敏檢波電路輸出電壓的極性與調制信號的極性有對應關系的結論。為了驗證相敏檢波電路的這一特性,給出3 個電路方案,分別選用理想元件和實際元件,采用Multisim 對其進行仿真實驗,直觀形象地演示了相敏檢波電路的鑒相特性,是傳統的實際操作實驗所不可比擬的。關鍵詞:相敏檢波;鑒相特性;Multisim;電路仿真
Abstract : The corresponding relation between modulation signal polarity and difference phases of amplitudemodulated signal and the carrier signal ,the polarity of phase2sensitive detecting circuit output voltage and the polarity of modulation signal are correspondent . In order to verify this characteristic ,three elect ric circuit s plans are produced ,idea Element s and actual Element s are selected respectively. Using Multisim to carry on a simulation experiment ,and then demonst rating the phase detecting characteristic of the phase sensitive circuit vividly and directly. Which is t raditional practical experience cannot be com pared.Keywords :phase sensitive detection ;phase2detecting characteristic ;Multisim;circuit simulation
標簽：
相敏檢波
電路
仿真研究
鑒相
上傳時間：
2013-11-23
上傳用戶：guanhuihong
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Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design
I enjoyed reading this book for a number of reasons. One reason is that itaddresses high-speed analog design in the context of microwave issues. This isan advanced-level book, which should follow courses in basic circuits andtransmission lines. Most analog integrated circuit designers in the past workedon applications at low enough frequency that microwave issues did not arise.As a consequence, they were adept at lumped parameter circuits and often notcomfortable with circuits where waves travel in space. However, in order todesign radio frequency (RF) communications integrated circuits (IC) in thegigahertz range, one must deal with transmission lines at chip interfaces andwhere interconnections on chip are far apart. Also, impedance matching isaddressed, which is a topic that arises most often in microwave circuits. In mycareer, there has been a gap in comprehension between analog low-frequencydesigners and microwave designers. Often, similar issues were dealt with in twodifferent languages. Although this book is more firmly based in lumped-Elementanalog circuit design, it is nice to see that microwave knowledge is brought inwhere necessary.Too many analog circuit books in the past have concentrated first on thecircuit side rather than on basic theory behind their application in communications.The circuits usually used have evolved through experience, without asatisfying intellectual theme in describing them. Why a given circuit works bestcan be subtle, and often these circuits are chosen only through experience. Forthis reason, I am happy that the book begins first with topics that require anintellectual approach—noise, linearity and filtering, and technology issues. Iam particularly happy with how linearity is introduced (power series). In therest of the book it is then shown, with specific circuits and numerical examples,how linearity and noise issues arise.
標簽：
Rogers
Radio
John
Freq
上傳時間：
2014-12-23
上傳用戶：han_zh
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Calculation of the Differential Impedance of Tracks on FR4 substrates
There is a discrepancy between calculated and measured values of impedance for differential transmission lineson FR4. This is especially noticeable in the case of surface microstrip configurations. The anomaly is shown tobe due to the nature of the substrate material. This needs to be considered as a layered structure of epoxy resinand glass fibre. Calculations, using Boundary Element field methods, show that the distribution of the electricfield within this layered structure determines the apparent dielectric constant and therefore affects theimpedance. Thus FR4 cannot be considered to be uniform dielectric when calculating differential impedance.
標簽：
FR4
計算
差分阻抗
上傳時間：
2014-12-24
上傳用戶：DE2542
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Telecommunication, satellite links and set-top boxes allrequire tuning a high frequency oscillator. The actualtuning Element is a varactor diode, a 2-terminal device thatchanges capacitance as a function of reverse bias voltage.1 The oscillator is part of a frequency synthesizingloop, as detailed in Figure 1. A phase locked loop (PLL)compares a divided down representation of the oscillatorwith a frequency reference. The PLL’s output is levelshifted to provide the high voltage necessary to bias thevaractor, which closes a feedback loop by voltage tuningthe oscillator. This loop forces the voltage controlledoscillator (VCO) to operate at a frequency determined bythe frequency reference and the divider’s division ratio.
標簽：
開關穩壓器
低噪聲
變容
上傳時間：
2013-12-20
上傳用戶：ABCDE
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Single-Ended and Differential S-Parameters
Differential circuits have been important incommunication systems for many years. In the past,differential communication circuits operated at lowfrequencies, where they could be designed andanalyzed using lumped-Element models andtechniques. With the frequency of operationincreasing beyond 1GHz, and above 1Gbps fordigital communications, this lumped-Elementapproach is no longer valid, because the physicalsize of the circuit approaches the size of awavelength.Distributed models and analysis techniques are nowused instead of lumped-Element techniques.Scattering parameters, or S-parameters, have beendeveloped for this purpose [1]. These S-parametersare defined for single-ended networks. S-parameterscan be used to describe differential networks, but astrict definition was not developed until Bockelmanand others addressed this issue [2]. Bockelman’swork also included a study on how to adapt single-ended S-parameters for use with differential circuits[2]. This adaptation, called “mixed-mode S-parameters,” addresses differential and common-mode operation, as well as the conversion betweenthe two modes of operation.This application note will explain the use of single-ended and mixed-mode S-parameters, and the basicconcepts of microwave measurement calibration.
標簽：
差分電路
單端
模式
上傳時間：
2014-03-25
上傳用戶：yyyyyyyyyy
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Calculation of the Differential Impedance of Tracks on FR4 substrates
There is a discrepancy between calculated and measured values of impedance for differential transmission lineson FR4. This is especially noticeable in the case of surface microstrip configurations. The anomaly is shown tobe due to the nature of the substrate material. This needs to be considered as a layered structure of epoxy resinand glass fibre. Calculations, using Boundary Element field methods, show that the distribution of the electricfield within this layered structure determines the apparent dielectric constant and therefore affects theimpedance. Thus FR4 cannot be considered to be uniform dielectric when calculating differential impedance.
標簽：
FR4
計算
差分阻抗
上傳時間：
2013-10-18
上傳用戶：masochism
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Title: STL Tutorial and Reference Guide: C++ Programming with the Standard Template Library (2nd Edition)
Author: David R. Musser / Gillmer J. Derge / Atul Saini / Gilmer J. Derge
Publisher: Addison-Wesley
Page: 560
Edition: 2nd edition (March 27, 2001)
Format: PDF
Summary: The Standard Template Library was created as the first library of genetic algorithms and data structures, with four ideas in mind: generic programming, abstractness without loss of efficiency, the Von Neumann computation model, and value semantics. This guide provides a tutorial, a description of each Element of the library, and sample applications. The expanded second edition includes new code examples and demonstrations of the use of STL in real-world C++ software development it reflects changes made to STL for the final ANSI/ISO C++ language standard.
標簽：
Programming
Reference
Standard
Template
上傳時間：
2014-01-19
上傳用戶：netwolf
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本手冊是 Rainer s DHTML Library 產品的一部分。
本手冊針對的是已有一定網頁設計制作經驗的讀者。其目的是提供完整清晰的樣式表內容的快速索引及進階幫助。所以對于網頁制作和樣式表的基礎知識，僅簡單介紹，恕不贅述。
手冊提供了完整的 CSS2.0 的屬性(Properties)、規則(At-Rules)、偽類(Pseudo-Classes)、偽元素(Pseudo-Elements)、聲明(Declarations)、單位(Units)、選擇符(Selectors)的介紹。其內容涵括了 W3C 的 CSS2.0 標準，以及 Internet Explorer 和 Netscape 各自的私有內容。出于種種眾所周知的原因考慮，本手冊以瀏覽器的事實標準—— Internet Explorer 為主。
手冊中為幾乎所有的已被支持的屬性、偽類、單位等，除了基本的語法示范外，都度身制作了可以對照源代碼即時察看運行演示的實例。
本手冊的升級信息與版權聲明請參閱關于本書頁面。
限于篇幅，對于一些過于繁雜的相關內容，如動態樣式屬性(Dynamic Properties)，濾鏡(Filters)，行為(Behaviors)請參閱我的其它相關著作。
本書中涉及到的所有HTML對象(Object，Element)，HTML屬性(Attributes)和特性(Properties)請參閱我的相關著作。
標簽：
Library
Rainer
DHTML
上傳時間：
2013-12-18
上傳用戶：hakim
