In the nineteenth century, scientists, mathematician, EngIneers and innovators started
investigating electromagnetism. The theory that underpins wireless communications was
formed by Maxwell. Early demonstrations took place by Hertz, Tesla and others. Marconi
demonstrated the first wireless transmission. Since then, the range of applications has
expanded at an immense rate, together with the underpinning technology. The rate of
development has been incredible and today the level of technical and commercial maturity
is very high. This success would not have been possible without understanding radio-
wave propagation. This knowledge enables us to design successful systems and networks,
together with waveforms, antennal and transceiver architectures. The radio channel is the
cornerstone to the operation of any wireless system.
When we started thinking about writing the first edition of this book a few years ago, we had been
working together for more than five years on the borderline between propagation and signal processing.
Therefore, it is not surprising that this book deals with propagation models and design tools for MIMO
wireless communications. Yet, this book should constitute more than a simple combination of these
two domains. It hopefully conveys our integrated understanding of MIMO, which results from endless
controversial discussions on various multi-antenna related issues, as well as various interactions with
numerous colleagues. Obviously, this area of technology is so large that it is beyond our aim to cover all
aspects in details. Rather, our goal is to provide researchers, R&D EngIneers and graduate students with
a comprehensive coverage of radio propagation models and space–time signal processing techniques
for multi-antenna, multi-user and multi-cell networks.
When we started thinking about writing this book, we had been working together for more
than five years on the borderline between propagation and signal processing.Therefore, it
is not surprising that this book deals with propagation models and design tools for MIMO
wirelesscommunications.Yet, thisbookshouldconstitutemorethanasimplecombination
of these two domains. It hopefully conveys our integrated understanding of MIMO, which
results from endless controversial discussions on various multi-antenna related issues, as
well as various interactions with numerous colleagues. Obviously, this area of technology
is so large that it was beyond our aim to cover all aspects in details. Rather, our goal has
been to provide researchers, R&D EngIneers and graduate students with a comprehensive
coverage of radio propagation models and space–time coding techniques.
Wireless is one of the most rapidly developing technologies in our time, with dazzling
new products and services emerging on an almost daily basis. These developments present
enormous challenges for communications EngIneers, as the demand for increased wireless
capacity grows explosively. Indeed, the discipline of wireless communications presents
many challenges to designers that arise as a result of the demanding nature of the physical
medium and the complexities in the dynamics of the underlying network.
The ever-increasing demand for private and sensitive data transmission over wireless net-
works has made security a crucial concern in the current and future large-scale, dynamic,
and heterogeneous wireless communication systems. To address this challenge, computer
scientists and EngIneers have tried hard to continuously come up with improved crypto-
graphic algorithms. But typically we do not need to wait too long to find an efficient way
to crack these algorithms. With the rapid progress of computational devices, the current
cryptographic methods are already becoming more unreliable. In recent years, wireless re-
searchers have sought a new security paradigm termed physical layer security. Unlike the
traditional cryptographic approach which ignores the effect of the wireless medium, physi-
cal layer security exploits the important characteristics of wireless channel, such as fading,
interference, and noise, for improving the communication security against eavesdropping
attacks. This new security paradigm is expected to complement and significantly increase
the overall communication security of future wireless networks.
Thanks for purchasing the RFI Pocket Guide. The
purpose of this guide to help you identify, locate
and resolve radio frequency interference (RFI). It
includes some basic theory and measurement
techniques and there are a number of handy
references, tables, and equations that you may
find useful. The focus is to assist both amateur
radio operators, as well as commercial broadcast
and communications EngIneers, in resolving a
variety of common interference issues.
An understanding of the policies, regulations, standards and techniques of radio spectrum
management is useful to those who manage and administrate it, to operators, to equipment
providers and to the users of wireless communication (i.e., all of us). For many years the author
has been deeply involved in ruling the RF spectrum at the national, regional and global levels.
The book is based on the professional experience of the author, his academic courses, presenta-
tions and tutorials in five continents. The book reflects this legacy and will be of use to EngIneers,
lawyers and economists, who serve the global industry of the wireless world; in it they may find
solutions to the problems they frequently encounter.
The multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technique provides higher bit rates
and better reliability in wireless systems. The efficient design of RF transceivers
has a vital impact on the implementation of this technique. This first book is com-
pletely devoted to RF transceiver design for MIMO communications. The book
covers the most recent research in practical design and applications and can be
an important resource for graduate students, wireless designers, and practical
EngIneers.
Spread-spectrum communication is a core area within the field of digital
communication. Originally used in military networks as countermeasures against
the threats of jamming and interception, spread-spectrum systems are now widely
used in commercial applications and are part of several wireless and mobile
communication standards. Although spread-spectrum communication is a staple
topic in textbooks on digital communication, its treatment is usually cursory. This
book is designed to provide a more intensive examination of the subject that is
suitable for graduate students and practicing EngIneers with a solid background
in the theory of digital communication. As the title indicates, this book stresses
principles rather than specific current or planned systems, which are described in
manyotherbooks.My goal in this bookis to providea concisebut lucidexplanation
of the fundamentals of spread-spectrum systems with an emphasis on theoretical
principles.
The serious study of the practice of how to determine the appropriate content of a
specification is a seldom-appreciated pastime. Those who have the responsibility to
design a product would prefer a greater degree of freedom than permitted by the con-
tent of a specification. Many of those who would manage those who would design
a product would prefer to allocate all of the project funding and schedule to what
they consider more productive labor. These are the attitudes, of course, that doom a
project to defeat but they are hard to counter no matter how many times repeated by
design EngIneers and managers. A system engineer who has survived a few of these
experiences over a long career may retire and forget the past but we have an endur-
ing obligation to work toward changing these attitudes while trying to offer younger
system EngIneers a pathway toward a more sure success in requirements analysis and
specification publishing.