In the past few decades, a technological revolution has occurred that has changed
the way we live in dramatic ways. This technological revolution is the result of
the emergence and evolution of a wide variety of new wireless networking tech-
nologies. Now people using these technologies are able to access the network and
control many applications at will with their handheld devices anywhere, anytime.
Although these technologies have made a long lasting impact in the revolution, it
has also opened up various challenging issues which are yet to be resolved to make
them more efficient and cost-effective.
Rapid growth of wireless communication services in recent decades has created
a huge demand of radio spectrum. Spectrum scarcity and utilization inefficiency
limit the development of wireless networks. Cognitive radio is a promising tech-
nology that allows secondary users to reuse the underutilized licensed spectrum of
primary users. The major challenge for spectrum sharing is to achieve high spectrum
efficiency while making non-intrusive access to the licensed bands. This requires in-
formation of availability and quality of channel resources at secondary transmitters,
however, is difficult to be obtained perfectly in practice.
This book is an outgrowth of the pioneering development work done by InterDigital Com-
munication Corporation in 3rd Generation TDD WCDMA Technology. Many engineers
and managers were involved in this development, which spanned a wide range of tech-
nology areas, including system architecture, radio interface, radio modem design, radio
resource management and hardware/software implementation. In addition, TDD WCDMA
technology had many direct and indirect contributors across the globe in the context of
the development of the 3GPP TDD WCDMA Standard.
In the present era, low observability is one of the critical requirements in aerospace
sector, especially related to defense. The stealth technology essentially relates to
shaping and usage of radar absorbing materials (RAM) or radar absorbing struc-
tures (RAS). The performance of such radar cross section (RCS) reduction tech-
niques is limited by the bandwidth constraints, payload requirements, and other
structural issues. Moreover, with advancement of materials science, the structure
geometry no longer remains key decisive factor toward stealth.
District energy (DE) systems use central heating and/or cooling facilities to provide
heating and/or cooling services for communities. The advantages of district energy
over conventional heating and cooling include improved efficiency, reliability and
safety, reduced environmental impact, and for many situations better economics.
DE systems can be particularly beneficial when integrated with cogeneration plants
for electricity and heat, i.e., with combined heat and power (CHP) plants. One of
the main impediments to increased use of cogeneration-based district energy is a
lack of understanding of the behavior of integrated forms of such systems. This
book is aimed at providing information on district energy and cogeneration tech-
nologies, as well as systems that combine them.
Recent years have seen a rapid development of neural network control tech-
niques and their successful applications. Numerous simulation studies and
actual industrial implementations show that artificial neural network is a good
candidate for function approximation and control system design in solving the
control problems of complex nonlinear systems in the presence of different kinds
of uncertainties. Many control approaches/methods, reporting inventions and
control applications within the fields of adaptive control, neural control and
fuzzy systems, have been published in various books, journals and conference
proceedings.
Agilent 34401A Service Guide.pdfIEC Measurement Category II includes electrical devices connected to mains at an outlet on a branch circuit. Such devices include
most small appliances, test equipment, and
other devices that plug into a branch outlet
or socket. The 34401A may be used to make
measurements with the HI and LO inputs
connected to mains in such devices, or to
the branch outlet itself (up to 300 VAC).
However, the 34401A may not be used with
its HI and LO inputs connected to mains in
permanently installed electrical devices
such as the main circuit-breaker panel,
sub-panel disconnect boxes, or permanently
wired motors. Such devices and circuits are
subject to overvoltages that may exceed the
protection limits of the 34401A.
Note: Voltages above 300 VAC may be measured only in circuits that are isolated from
mains. However, transient overvoltages are
also present on circuits that are isolated
from mains. The Agilent 34401A are
designed to safely withstand occasional
transient overvoltages up to 2500 Vpk. Do
not use this equipment to measure circuits
where transient overvoltages could exceed
this level.
Additional Notices
Waste Electrical and
Electronic Equipment (WEEE)
Directive 2002/96/EC
This product complies with the WEEE Directive (2002/96/EC) marking requirement.
The affixed product label (see below) indicates that you must not discard this electrical/electronic product in domestic
household waste.
Product Category: With reference to the
equipment types in the WEEE directive
Annex 1, this product is classified as a
"Monitoring and Control instrumentation"
product.
Do not dispose in domestic household
waste.
To return unwanted products, contact your
local Agilent office, or see
www.agilent.com/environment/product
for more information.
Agilent 34138A Test Lead Set
The Agilent 34401A is compatible with the
Agilent 34138A Test Lead Set described
below.
Test Lead Ratings
Test Leads - 1000V, 15A
Fine Tip Probe Attachments - 300V, 3A
Mini Grabber Attachment - 300V, 3A
SMT Grabber Attachments - 300V, 3A
Operation
The Fine Tip, Mini Grabber, and SMT Grabber attachments plug onto the probe end of
the Test Leads.
Maintenance
If any portion of the Test Lead Set is worn or
damaged, do not use. Replace with a new
Agilent 3413
全文將用一個(gè)貫穿始終的例子來(lái)說(shuō)明如何繪制版圖。這個(gè)例子繪制的是一個(gè)最簡(jiǎn)單的非門的版圖。S2-1建立版圖文件使用library manager.首先，建立一個(gè)新的庫(kù)myLib，關(guān)于建立庫(kù)的步驟，在前文介紹cdsSpice時(shí)已經(jīng)說(shuō)得很清楚了，就不再贅述。與前面有些不同的地方是：由于我們要建立的是一個(gè)版圖文件，因此我們?cè)趖echnology file選項(xiàng)中必須選擇compile a new tech file，或是attach to an exsiting tech file。這里由于我們要新建一個(gè)tech file，因此選擇前者。這時(shí)會(huì)彈出load tech file的對(duì)話框，如圖2-1-1所示。在ASCII Technology File中填入csmclo0.tf即可。接著就可以建立名為inv的cel了。為了完備起見(jiàn)，讀者可以先建立inv的schematic view和symbol view（具體步驟前面已經(jīng)介紹，其中pmos長(zhǎng)6u，寬為0.6u。nmos長(zhǎng)為3u，寬為0.6u。model仍然選擇hj3p和hj3n）。然后建立其layout view，其步驟為：在tool中選擇virtuoso-layout，然后點(diǎn)擊ok。
