鎖定放大是微弱信號(hào)檢測(cè)的重要手段。基于相關(guān)檢測(cè)理論，利用開(kāi)關(guān)電容的開(kāi)關(guān)實(shí)現(xiàn)鎖定放大器中乘法器的功能，提出開(kāi)關(guān)電容和積分器相結(jié)合以實(shí)現(xiàn)相關(guān)檢測(cè)的方法，并設(shè)計(jì)出一種鎖定放大器。該鎖定放大器將微弱信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)化為與之相關(guān)的方波，通過(guò)后續(xù)電路得到正比于被測(cè)信號(hào)的直流電平，為后續(xù)采集處理提供方便。測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)表明鎖定放大器前級(jí)可將10-6 A的電流轉(zhuǎn)換為10-1 V的電壓，后級(jí)通過(guò)帶通濾波器級(jí)聯(lián)可將信號(hào)放大1×105倍。該方法在降低噪聲的同時(shí)，可對(duì)微弱信號(hào)進(jìn)行放大，線性度較高、穩(wěn)定性較好。
Abstract:
Lock-in Amplifying（LIA）is one of important means for weak signal detection. Based on cross-correlation detection theory， switch in the swithched capacitor was used as multiplier of LIA， and a new method of correlation detection was proposed combining swithched capacitor with Integrator. A kind of LIA was designed which can convert the weak signal to square-wave， then DC proportional to measured signal was obtained through follow-up conditioning circuit， providing convenience for signal acquisition and processing. The measured data shows that the electric current（10-6 A） can be changed into voltage（10-1 V） by LIA， and the signal is magnified 1×105 times by cascade band-pass filter. The noise is suppressed and the weak signal is amplified. It has the advantages of good linearity and stability.
解壓密碼：www.elecfans.com 隨著微電子技術(shù)的迅速發(fā)展以及集成電路規(guī)模不斷提高，對(duì)電路性能的設(shè)計(jì)
要求越來(lái)越嚴(yán)格，這勢(shì)必對(duì)用于大規(guī)模集成電路設(shè)計(jì)的EDA 工具提出越來(lái)越高的
要求。自1972 年美國(guó)加利福尼亞大學(xué)柏克萊分校電機(jī)工程和計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)系開(kāi)發(fā)
的用于集成電路性能分析的電路模擬程序SPICE（Simulation Program with IC
Emphasis）誕生以來(lái)，為適應(yīng)現(xiàn)代微電子工業(yè)的發(fā)展，各種用于集成電路設(shè)計(jì)的
電路模擬分析工具不斷涌現(xiàn)。HSPICE 是Meta-Software 公司為集成電路設(shè)計(jì)中
的穩(wěn)態(tài)分析，瞬態(tài)分析和頻域分析等電路性能的模擬分析而開(kāi)發(fā)的一個(gè)商業(yè)化通
用電路模擬程序，它在柏克萊的SPICE（1972 年推出），MicroSim公司的PSPICE
（1984 年推出）以及其它電路分析軟件的基礎(chǔ)上，又加入了一些新的功能，經(jīng)
過(guò)不斷的改進(jìn)，目前已被許多公司、大學(xué)和研究開(kāi)發(fā)機(jī)構(gòu)廣泛應(yīng)用。HSPICE 可
與許多主要的EDA 設(shè)計(jì)工具，諸如Candence,Workview 等兼容，能提供許多重要
的針對(duì)集成電路性能的電路仿真和設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果。采用HSPICE 軟件可以在直流到高
于100MHz 的微波頻率范圍內(nèi)對(duì)電路作精確的仿真、分析和優(yōu)化。在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中，
HSPICE能提供關(guān)鍵性的電路模擬和設(shè)計(jì)方案，并且應(yīng)用HSPICE進(jìn)行電路模擬時(shí)，
其電路規(guī)模僅取決于用戶(hù)計(jì)算機(jī)的實(shí)際存儲(chǔ)器容量。
The HSPICE Integrator Program enables qualified EDA vendors to integrate their products with the de facto standard HSPICE simulator, HSPICE RF simulator, and WaveView Analyzer™. In addition, qualified HSPICE Integrator Program members have access to HSPICE Integrator application programming interfaces (APIs). Collaboration between HSPICE Integrator Program members will enable customers to achieve more thorough design verification in a shorter period of time from the improvements offered by inter-company EDA design solutions.
解壓密碼：www.elecfans.com 隨著微電子技術(shù)的迅速發(fā)展以及集成電路規(guī)模不斷提高，對(duì)電路性能的設(shè)計(jì)
要求越來(lái)越嚴(yán)格，這勢(shì)必對(duì)用于大規(guī)模集成電路設(shè)計(jì)的EDA 工具提出越來(lái)越高的
要求。自1972 年美國(guó)加利福尼亞大學(xué)柏克萊分校電機(jī)工程和計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)系開(kāi)發(fā)
的用于集成電路性能分析的電路模擬程序SPICE（Simulation Program with IC
Emphasis）誕生以來(lái)，為適應(yīng)現(xiàn)代微電子工業(yè)的發(fā)展，各種用于集成電路設(shè)計(jì)的
電路模擬分析工具不斷涌現(xiàn)。HSPICE 是Meta-Software 公司為集成電路設(shè)計(jì)中
的穩(wěn)態(tài)分析，瞬態(tài)分析和頻域分析等電路性能的模擬分析而開(kāi)發(fā)的一個(gè)商業(yè)化通
用電路模擬程序，它在柏克萊的SPICE（1972 年推出），MicroSim公司的PSPICE
（1984 年推出）以及其它電路分析軟件的基礎(chǔ)上，又加入了一些新的功能，經(jīng)
過(guò)不斷的改進(jìn)，目前已被許多公司、大學(xué)和研究開(kāi)發(fā)機(jī)構(gòu)廣泛應(yīng)用。HSPICE 可
與許多主要的EDA 設(shè)計(jì)工具，諸如Candence,Workview 等兼容，能提供許多重要
的針對(duì)集成電路性能的電路仿真和設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果。采用HSPICE 軟件可以在直流到高
于100MHz 的微波頻率范圍內(nèi)對(duì)電路作精確的仿真、分析和優(yōu)化。在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中，
HSPICE能提供關(guān)鍵性的電路模擬和設(shè)計(jì)方案，并且應(yīng)用HSPICE進(jìn)行電路模擬時(shí)，
其電路規(guī)模僅取決于用戶(hù)計(jì)算機(jī)的實(shí)際存儲(chǔ)器容量。
The HSPICE Integrator Program enables qualified EDA vendors to integrate their products with the de facto standard HSPICE simulator, HSPICE RF simulator, and WaveView Analyzer™. In addition, qualified HSPICE Integrator Program members have access to HSPICE Integrator application programming interfaces (APIs). Collaboration between HSPICE Integrator Program members will enable customers to achieve more thorough design verification in a shorter period of time from the improvements offered by inter-company EDA design solutions.
This m file analyzes a coherent binary phase shift keyed(BPSK) and a amplitude shift keyed(ASK) communication system. The receiver uses a correlator(mixer-Integrator[LPF]) configuration with BER measurements comparing measured and theoretical results. The bandpass and low pass used in the receiver are constructed using z transforms.
Noncoherent receivers are attractive for pulsed UWB systems due to the implementation simplicity. To alleviate the noise effect in detecting UWB PPM signals, this letter proposes a simple yet flexible weighted noncoherent receiver structure, which adopts a square-law Integrator multiplied with a window function.
