Photomultipliers (PMT), avalanche photodiodes (APD),ultrasonic transducers, capacitance microphones, radiationdetectors and similar devices require high voltage,low current bias. Additionally, the high voltage must bepristinely free of noise; well under a millivolt is a commonrequirement with a few hundred microvolts sometimesnecessary. Normally, switching regulator confi gurationscannot achieve this performance level without employingspecial techniques. One aid to achieving low noise is thatload currents rarely exceed 5mA. This freedom permitsoutput fi ltering methods that are usually impractical
為了提高PCB板制作的效率，改變傳統的化學腐蝕制板工藝，使用機械仿形銑制作電路板的方法，設計了以ATMEGA16單片機為核心部件的PCB板雕刻機控制系統。其中包括PCB雕刻機的基本功能、主要硬件電路設計和軟件的實現流程，并給出了相關設計電路。重點分析了雕刻機步進電機的驅動電路以及主軸電機的驅動電路，該雕刻機經實際運行，系統工作良好，可有效提高PCB板的制作效率。
Abstract:
In order to improve the efficiency of production of PCB board and change the traditional chemical etching plates， using of mechanical copying milling method makes circuit boards，this paper introduces the PCB engraving machine control system used ATMEGA16 microcomputer as the core components. It includes basic function， the hardware circuit design and software realization process， and gives the corresponding circuit design.It analyses the drive circuit of engrawing machine stepper motor and spindle motor in detail. This engraving machine by practical operation， the system works well， which can effectively improve the production efficiency of PCB board.
Designing read/write device (RWD) units for industrial RF-Identification
applications is strongly facilitated by the NXP Semiconductors HITAG
Reader Chip HTRC110. All needed function blocks, like the antenna
driver, modulator demodulator and antenna diagnosis unit, are integrated
in the HTRC110. Therefore only a minimum number of additional passive
components are required for a complete RWD.
This Application Note describes how to design an industrial
RF-Identification system with the HTRC110. The major focus is
dimensioning of the antenna, all other external components including
clock and power supply, as well as the demodulation principle and its
implementatio
以89S52單片機和EP1C6Q240C8型FPGA為控制核心的多功能計數器，是由峰值檢波、A/D轉換、程控放大、比較整形、移相網絡部分組成,可實現測量正弦信號的頻率、周期和相位差的功能。多功能計數器采用等精度的測量方法，可實現頻率為1Hz～10MHz、幅度為0.01～5Vrms的正弦信號的精確測頻，以及頻率為10Hz～100kHz、幅度為0.5～5Vrms的正弦信號精確測相。液晶顯示器能夠實時顯示當前信號的頻率、周期和相位差。該多功能計數器精度高，界面友好，實用性強。
Abstract:
A multi-function counter，which uses89S52MCU and EP1C6Q240C8FPGA as a control core，consists of peak detector，A/D conversion，program-controlled amplification，compared shaping and phase-shifting network part.The counter measures the frequency，period and phase of sinusoidal signal.With the equal precision method,the multi-function counter achieves the precise frequency measurement of the sinusoidal signal which its frequency is from1Hz to10MHz，its amplitude is from0.01Vrms to5Vrms，as well as the accurate phase measurement of the sinusoidal signal which its frequency is from10Hz to100kHz，its amplitude is from0.5Vrms to5Vrms.The LCD monitor real-time displays the frequency，period and phase difference of current signal.The multi-function counter features high precision，friendly interface，and strong practical.
介紹基于VHDL的微型打印機控制器的設計。論述了微型打印機的基本原理，以及實現控制器的VHDL語言設計。打印機的數據來自系統中的存儲模塊，根據需要控制打印。該微型打印機控制器可取代傳統的微型打印機,且抗干擾性好,可靠性高，具有較強的移植性，稍加改動就可應用于不同場合。
Abstract:
This paper introduced the design method of micro printer controller based on VHDL.The basic principles of microprinter is explained,as well as the realization of the controller by VHDL language.The printer data is from the system memory modules,can control printer.The design of microprinter controller has antigood and high reliability，it can replace the traditional printer.The controller has very good portability,and need little modify that can use in different situation.
氣壓是氣象監測中的一個重要參數，提出了一種氣壓數據采集模塊設計方案，該模塊采用數字氣壓傳感器MS5534B、MSP430單片機MSP430F2272和帶實時時鐘（RTC）64 KB鐵電存儲器。通過低功耗軟件設計方法以微安級整體平均功耗實現了氣壓數據的采集和存儲，適合電池供電的連續高精度氣壓采集應用。給出了模塊的軟硬件設計以及MS5534B的性能指標和使用經驗。
Abstract:
Air pressure is an important parameter in weather monitor.This paper futs forward a new design scheme of low power-air pressure data acquisition module.The module uses a digital output barometer sensor MS5534B,MSP430 microcontroller MSP430F2272 and integrated RTC 64KB FRAM,precision air pressure measurement and storage chip.Another point of this module is low power consumption, so it is well suited for battery powered air pressure data acquisition applications. At the same time,the software and hardware deign of module is presented,And the speciaties and use notices of MS5534B are given.
針對51單片機系統中常用的A/D轉換器價格高、精度低的缺點，介紹TI公司的16 位的帶有I2C串行接口的A/D轉換器ADS1110的工作原理，給出ADS1110與AT89C51單片機系統的接口電路和軟件設計。實踐證明，ADS1110具有高性價比和實用性。
Abstract:
According to the disadvantages of high expense and low accuracy of the general A/D converter used in MCS51 microchip system,the principle and working process of a high accuracy 16-bit A/D conversion ADS1110 which has I2C bus and belongs to TI Company are proposed here as well as the interface of ADS1110 to AT89C51 and software list.It is proved to be high performance index and practicability.
為降低成本和解決現有膜片鉗放大器系統中PC機的干擾問題，研究了一種基于單片機的膜片鉗放大器小系統。該系統采用ADI公司生產的ADuC841作為控制核心，并且配置相應的液晶顯示模塊LCM3202401。模擬電路部分采用高輸入阻抗的AD8627實現微電流信號的采集，并由后級電路進行信號的放大和電阻電容的補償。它具有硬件電路簡單、體積小、使用方便的特點。既可以單獨作為小系統實現采集和顯示，也可以通過紅外方式和PC機進行通訊，在PC機上進行信號的處理。
Abstract:
In order to reduce cost and resolve the interferential problem with PC in existing patch clamp amplifiers, a small patch clamp amplifier system design based on microcontroller is studied. It adopts a new high performance microconverter ADuC841 by the ADI as the control core in the system, configuring a liquid crystal module LCM3202401. In the analog circuit, AD8627 with high input impedance is used to detect the low current，signal magnification, as well as resistance and capacitance compensation are accomplished by subsequent circuits. It has the advantage of simple hardware circuit design, small volume and convenient operation. It can either be used as an independent system to measure and show signal detected or transmit to PC by infrared ray.
Safety GuidelinesThis manual contains notices which you should observe to ensure your own personal safety, as well as toprotect the product and connected equipment. These notices are highlighted in the manual by a warningtriangle and are marked as follows according to the level of danger:
