Wireless technologies like GSM, UMTS, LTE, Wireless LAN and Bluetooth have
revolutionized the way we communicate by making services like telephony and Internet
access available anytime and from almost anywhere. Today, a great variety of technical
publications offer background information about these technologies but they all fall
short in one way or another. Books covering these technologies usually describe only
one of the systems in detail and are generally too complex as a first introduction. The
Internet is also a good source, but the articles one finds are usually too short and super-
ficial or only deal with a specific mechanism of one of the systems. For this reason, it
was difficult for me to recommend a single publication to students in my telecommunication
classes, which I have been teaching in addition to my work in the Wireless telecommunication
industry. This book aims to change this.
The field of digital communication has evolved rapidly in the past few
decades, with commercial applications proliferating in wireline communi-
cation networks (e.g., digital subscriber loop, cable, fiber optics), Wireless
communication (e.g., cell phones and Wireless local area networks), and stor-
age media (e.g., compact discs, hard drives). The typical undergraduate and
graduate student is drawn to the field because of these applications, but is
often intimidated by the mathematical background necessary to understand
communication theory.
Fundamentals of WiMAX was consciously written to appeal to a broad audience, and to be of
value to anyone who is interested in the IEEE 802.16e standards or Wireless broadband networks
more generally. The book contains cutting-edge tutorials on the technical and theoretical under-
pinnings to WiMAX that are not available anywhere else, while also providing high-level over-
views that will be informative to the casual reader.
This book is the outcome of the panel discussions held on the special event honor-
ing first 50 PhD students of Prof. Ramjee Prasad. Several of his PhD students are
today worldwide telecommunication leaders themselves. Over 60 post-docs, PhDs,
colleagues and the scientific staff were present at the event to celebrate the research
and development achievements in the field of mobile and Wireless communication.
Currently, the information and communications technology (ICT) industry sector
accounts for about 2–6% of the energy consumption worldwide, and a significant por-
tion of this is contributed by the Wireless and mobile communications industry. With
the proliferation of Wireless data applications, Wireless technology continues to increase
worldwide at an unprecedented growth rate. This has resulted in an increased number
of installed base stations and higher demand on power grids and device power usage,
causing an increased carbon footprint worldwide.
Thisbookfocusesontheemergingresearchtopic‘green(energy-efficient)Wirelessnetworks’
that has drawn huge attention recently from both academia and industry. This topic is highly
motivated due to important environmental, financial and quality-of-experience (QoE) consid-
erations.Duetosuchconcerns,varioussolutionshavebeenproposedtoenableefficientenergy
usage in Wireless networks, and these approaches are referred to as green Wireless communi-
cations and networking. The term ‘green’ emphasizes the environmental dimension of the
proposed solutions. Hence, it is not sufficient to present a cost-effective solution unless it is
eco-friendly.
The Wireless market has experienced a phenomenal growth since the first second-
generation (2G) digital cellular networks, based on global system for mobile
communications (GSM) technology, were introduced in the early 1990s. Since then,
GSM has become the dominant global 2G radio access standard. Almost 80% of today’s
new subscriptions take place in one of the more than 460 cellular networks that use
GSM technology. This growth has taken place simultaneously with the large experienced
expansion of access to the Internet and its related multimedia services.
Wireless technologies like GSM, UMTS, LTE, Wireless LAN and Bluetooth have revolu-
tionized the way we communicate and exchange data by making services like telephony and
Internet access available anytime and from almost anywhere. Today, a great variety of techni-
cal publications offer background information about these technologies but they all fall short
in one way or another. Books covering these technologies usually describe only one of the
systems in detail and are generally too complex as a first introduction. The Internet is also a
good source, but the articles one finds are usually too short and superficial or only deal with
a specific mechanism of one of the systems. For this reason, it was difficult for me to recom-
mend a single publication to students in my telecommunication classes, which I have been
teaching in addition to my work in the Wireless telecommunication industry. This book aims
to change this.
OSCILLATORS are key building blocks in integrated transceivers. In wired and
Wireless communication terminals, the receiver front-end selects, amplifies and
converts the desired high-frequency signal to baseband. At baseband the signal can
then be converted into the digital domain for further data processing and demodula-
tion. The transmitter front-end converts an analog baseband signal to a suitable high-
frequency signal that can be transmitted over the wired or Wireless channel.
With the rapid expansion of Wireless consumer products,there has been a con-
siderable increase in the need for radio-frequency (RF) planning, link plan-
ning, and propagation modeling.A network designer with no RF background
may find himself/herself designing a Wireless network. A wide array of RF
planning software packages can provide some support, but there is no substi-
tute for a fundamental understanding of the propagation process and the lim-
itations of the models employed. Blind use of computer-aided design (CAD)
programs with no understanding of the physical fundamentals underlying the
process can be a recipe for disaster. Having witnessed the results of this
approach, I hope to spare others this frustration.
