清晰實用地講解了標準庫，并且以驅動，重點強調容器、迭代器、算法（即標準模板庫STL）、string 類和iostream。 詳細討論了標準C++的新特性，包括異常處理、運行時類型識別、名字空間、內置bool類型和新類型強制轉換表示等，并說明了如何有效地使用這些特性。 全面介紹了C++語言的高級特性，例如模板、類、繼承機制，用來支持泛型程序設計、面向對象程序設計和基于對象程序設計。 提供了一個可供作為泛型算法快速參考的附錄，描述了這些算法的行為，并提供使用這些算法的具體示例。
標簽： 標準庫
上傳時間： 2017-04-26
上傳用戶：cmc_68289287
第一章關鍵字...................................................................................................................................9 1.1，最寬恒大量的關鍵字----auto..........................................................................................11 1.2，最快的關鍵字---- register............................................................................................... 11 1.2.1，皇帝身邊的小太監----寄存器............................................................................. 11 1.2.2，使用register 修飾符的注意點.............................................................................11 1.3，最名不符實的關鍵字----static........................................................................................12 1.3.1，修飾變量...............................................................................................................12 1.3.2，修飾函數...............................................................................................................13 1.4，基本數據類型----short、int、long、char、float、double........................................... 13 1.4.1，數據類型與“模子”............................................................................................... 14 1.4.2，變量的命名規則...................................................................................................14 1.5，最冤枉的關鍵字----sizeof...............................................................................................18 1.5.1，常年被人誤認為函數...........................................................................................18 1.5.2，sizeof（int）*p 表示什么意思？........................................................................18 1.4，signed、unsigned 關鍵字................................................................................................19 1.6，if、else 組合.................................................................................................................... 20 1.6.1，bool 變量與“零值”進行比較...............................................................................20 1.6.2, float 變量與“零值”進行比較.................................................................................21 1.6.3，指針變量與“零值”進行比較...............................................................................21 1.6.4，else 到底與哪個if 配對呢？...............................................................................22 1.6.5，if 語句后面的分號............................................................................................... 23 1.6.6，使用if 語句的其他注意事項.............................................................................. 24 1.7，switch、case 組合........................................................................................................... 24 1.7.1，不要拿青龍偃月刀去削蘋果.............................................................................. 24 1.7.2，case 關鍵字后面的值有什么要求嗎？.............................................................. 25 1.7.3，case 語句的排列順序...........................................................................................25 1.7.4，使用case 語句的其他注意事項..........................................................................27 1.8，do、while、for 關鍵字................................................................................................... 28 1.8.1，break 與continue 的區別.....................................................................................28 1.8.2，循環語句的注意點...............................................................................................29 1.9，goto 關鍵字......................................................................................................................30 1.10，void 關鍵字....................................................................................................................31 1.10.1，void a？............................................................................................................31 1.10，return 關鍵字................................................................................................................. 34 1.11，const 關鍵字也許該被替換為readolny....................................................................... 34 1.11.2，節省空間，避免不必要的內存分配，同時提高效率.................................... 35 1.12，最易變的關鍵字----volatile.......................................................................................... 36 1.13，最會帶帽子的關鍵字----extern.................................................................................... 37 1.14，struct 關鍵字..................................................................................................................38
標簽： c語言深度剖析
上傳時間： 2015-05-01
上傳用戶：cascas
// 學生管理.cpp : Defines the entry point for the application. // #include "stdafx.h" #include "resource.h" #define MAX_LOADSTRING 100 // Global Variables: HINSTANCE hInst; // current instance TCHAR szTitle[MAX_LOADSTRING]; // The title bar text TCHAR szWindowClass[MAX_LOADSTRING]; // The title bar text // Foward declarations of functions included in this code module: ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance); bool InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int); LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM); LRESULT CALLBACK About(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM); struct person { char name[10]; int ID; int cj_yw; int cj_sx; struct person* next; struct person* pro; }per; int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) { // TODO: Place code here. MSG msg; HACCEL hAccelTable; // Initialize global strings LoadString(hInstance, IDS_APP_TITLE, szTitle, MAX_LOADSTRING); LoadString(hInstance, IDC_MY, szWindowClass, MAX_LOADSTRING); MyRegisterClass(hInstance); // Perform application initialization: if (!InitInstance (hInstance, nCmdShow)) { return FALSE; } hAccelTable = LoadAccelerators(hInstance, (LPCTSTR)IDC_MY); // Main message loop: while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0)) { if (!TranslateAccelerator(msg.hwnd, hAccelTable, &msg)) { TranslateMessage(&msg); DispatchMessage(&msg); } } return msg.wParam; } // // FUNCTION: MyRegisterClass() // // PURPOSE: Registers the window class. // // COMMENTS: // // This function and its usage is only necessary if you want this code // to be compatible with Win32 systems prior to the 'RegisterClassEx' // function that was added to Windows 95. It is important to call this function // so that the application will get 'well formed' small icons associated // with it. // ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance) { WNDCLASSEX wcex; wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX); wcex.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW; wcex.lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC)WndProc; wcex.cbClsExtra = 0; wcex.cbWndExtra = 0; wcex.hInstance = hInstance; wcex.hIcon = LoadIcon(hInstance, (LPCTSTR)IDI_MY); wcex.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW); wcex.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1); wcex.lpszMenuName = (LPCSTR)IDC_MY; wcex.lpszClassName = szWindowClass; wcex.hIconSm = LoadIcon(wcex.hInstance, (LPCTSTR)IDI_SMALL); return RegisterClassEx(&wcex); } // // FUNCTION: InitInstance(HANDLE, int) // // PURPOSE: Saves instance handle and creates main window // // COMMENTS: // // In this function, we save the instance handle in a global variable and // create and display the main program window. // bool InitInstance(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow) { HWND hWnd; hInst = hInstance; // Store instance handle in our global variable hWnd = CreateWindow(szWindowClass, szTitle, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL); if (!hWnd) { return FALSE; } ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow); UpdateWindow(hWnd); return TRUE; } // // FUNCTION: WndProc(HWND, unsigned, WORD, LONG) // // PURPOSE: Processes messages for the main window. // // WM_COMMAND - process the application menu // WM_PAINT - Paint the main window // WM_DESTROY - post a quit message and return // // LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { int wmId, wmEvent; PAINTSTRUCT ps; HDC hdc; TCHAR szHello[MAX_LOADSTRING]; LoadString(hInst, IDS_HELLO, szHello, MAX_LOADSTRING); switch (message) { case WM_COMMAND: wmId = LOWORD(wParam); wmEvent = HIWORD(wParam); // Parse the menu selections: switch (wmId) { case IDM_ABOUT: DialogBox(hInst, (LPCTSTR)IDD_ABOUTBOX, hWnd, (DLGPROC)About); break; case IDM_EXIT: DestroyWindow(hWnd); break; default: return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam); } break; case WM_PAINT: hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps); // TODO: Add any drawing code here... RECT rt; GetClientRect(hWnd, &rt); DrawText(hdc, szHello, strlen(szHello), &rt, DT_CENTER); EndPaint(hWnd, &ps); break; case WM_DESTROY: PostQuitMessage(0); break; default: return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam); } return 0; } // Mesage handler for about box. LRESULT CALLBACK About(HWND hDlg, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { switch (message) { case WM_INITDIALOG: return TRUE; case WM_COMMAND: if (LOWORD(wParam) == IDOK || LOWORD(wParam) == IDCANCEL) { EndDialog(hDlg, LOWORD(wParam)); return TRUE; } break; } return FALSE; }
上傳時間： 2016-12-29
上傳用戶：767483511
// 學生管理.cpp : Defines the entry point for the application. // #include "stdafx.h" #include "resource.h" #define MAX_LOADSTRING 100 // Global Variables: HINSTANCE hInst; // current instance TCHAR szTitle[MAX_LOADSTRING]; // The title bar text TCHAR szWindowClass[MAX_LOADSTRING]; // The title bar text // Foward declarations of functions included in this code module: ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance); bool InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int); LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM); LRESULT CALLBACK About(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM); struct person { char name[10]; int ID; int cj_yw; int cj_sx; struct person* next; struct person* pro; }per; int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) { // TODO: Place code here. MSG msg; HACCEL hAccelTable; // Initialize global strings LoadString(hInstance, IDS_APP_TITLE, szTitle, MAX_LOADSTRING); LoadString(hInstance, IDC_MY, szWindowClass, MAX_LOADSTRING); MyRegisterClass(hInstance); // Perform application initialization: if (!InitInstance (hInstance, nCmdShow)) { return FALSE; } hAccelTable = LoadAccelerators(hInstance, (LPCTSTR)IDC_MY); // Main message loop: while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0)) { if (!TranslateAccelerator(msg.hwnd, hAccelTable, &msg)) { TranslateMessage(&msg); DispatchMessage(&msg); } } return msg.wParam; } // // FUNCTION: MyRegisterClass() // // PURPOSE: Registers the window class. // // COMMENTS: // // This function and its usage is only necessary if you want this code // to be compatible with Win32 systems prior to the 'RegisterClassEx' // function that was added to Windows 95. It is important to call this function // so that the application will get 'well formed' small icons associated // with it. // ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance) { WNDCLASSEX wcex; wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX); wcex.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW; wcex.lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC)WndProc; wcex.cbClsExtra = 0; wcex.cbWndExtra = 0; wcex.hInstance = hInstance; wcex.hIcon = LoadIcon(hInstance, (LPCTSTR)IDI_MY); wcex.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW); wcex.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1); wcex.lpszMenuName = (LPCSTR)IDC_MY; wcex.lpszClassName = szWindowClass; wcex.hIconSm = LoadIcon(wcex.hInstance, (LPCTSTR)IDI_SMALL); return RegisterClassEx(&wcex); } // // FUNCTION: InitInstance(HANDLE, int) // // PURPOSE: Saves instance handle and creates main window // // COMMENTS: // // In this function, we save the instance handle in a global variable and // create and display the main program window. // bool InitInstance(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow) { HWND hWnd; hInst = hInstance; // Store instance handle in our global variable hWnd = CreateWindow(szWindowClass, szTitle, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL); if (!hWnd) { return FALSE; } ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow); UpdateWindow(hWnd); return TRUE; } // // FUNCTION: WndProc(HWND, unsigned, WORD, LONG) // // PURPOSE: Processes messages for the main window. // // WM_COMMAND - process the application menu // WM_PAINT - Paint the main window // WM_DESTROY - post a quit message and return // // LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { int wmId, wmEvent; PAINTSTRUCT ps; HDC hdc; TCHAR szHello[MAX_LOADSTRING]; LoadString(hInst, IDS_HELLO, szHello, MAX_LOADSTRING); switch (message) { case WM_COMMAND: wmId = LOWORD(wParam); wmEvent = HIWORD(wParam); // Parse the menu selections: switch (wmId) { case IDM_ABOUT: DialogBox(hInst, (LPCTSTR)IDD_ABOUTBOX, hWnd, (DLGPROC)About); break; case IDM_EXIT: DestroyWindow(hWnd); break; default: return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam); } break; case WM_PAINT: hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps); // TODO: Add any drawing code here... RECT rt; GetClientRect(hWnd, &rt); DrawText(hdc, szHello, strlen(szHello), &rt, DT_CENTER); EndPaint(hWnd, &ps); break; case WM_DESTROY: PostQuitMessage(0); break; default: return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam); } return 0; } // Mesage handler for about box. LRESULT CALLBACK About(HWND hDlg, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { switch (message) { case WM_INITDIALOG: return TRUE; case WM_COMMAND: if (LOWORD(wParam) == IDOK || LOWORD(wParam) == IDCANCEL) { EndDialog(hDlg, LOWORD(wParam)); return TRUE; } break; } return FALSE; }
標簽： 學生 計算器
上傳時間： 2016-12-29
上傳用戶：767483511
#include <iostream> #include <stdio.head> #include <stdlib.head> #include <string.head> #define ElemType int #define max 100 using namespace std; typedef struct node1 { ElemType data; struct node1 *next; }Node1,*LinkList;//鏈棧 typedef struct { ElemType *base; int top; }SqStack;//順序棧 typedef struct node2 { ElemType data; struct node2 *next; }Node2,*LinkQueue; typedef struct node22 { LinkQueue front; LinkQueue rear; }*LinkList;//鏈隊列 typedef struct { ElemType *base; int front,rear; }SqQueue;//順序隊列 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 //1．采用鏈式存儲實現棧的初始化、入棧、出棧操作。 LinkList CreateStack()//創建棧 { LinkList top; top=NULL; return top; } bool StackEmpty(LinkList s)//判斷棧是否為空，0代表空 { if(s==NULL) return 0; else return 1; } LinkList Pushead(LinkList s,int x)//入棧 { LinkList q,top=s; q=(LinkList)malloc(sizeof(Node1)); q->data=x; q->next=top; top=q; return top; } LinkList Pop(LinkList s,int &e)//出棧 { if(!StackEmpty(s)) { printf("棧為空。"); } else { e=s->data; LinkList p=s; s=s->next; free(p); } return s; } void DisplayStack(LinkList s)//遍歷輸出棧中元素 { if(!StackEmpty(s)) printf("棧為空。"); else { wheadile(s!=NULL) { cout<<s->data<<" "; s=s->next; } cout<<endl; } } 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 //2．采用順序存儲實現棧的初始化、入棧、出棧操作。 int StackEmpty(int t)//判斷棧S是否為空 { SqStack.top=t; if (SqStack.top==0) return 0; else return 1; } int InitStack() { SqStack.top=0; return SqStack.top; } int pushead(int t,int e) { SqStack.top=t; SqStack.base[++SqStack.top]=e; return SqStack.top; } int pop(int t,int *e)//出棧 { SqStack.top=t; if(!StackEmpty(SqStack.top)) { printf("棧為空."); return SqStack.top; } *e=SqStack.base[s.top]; SqStack.top--; return SqStack.top; } 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 //3．采用鏈式存儲實現隊列的初始化、入隊、出隊操作。 LinkList InitQueue()//創建 { LinkList head; head->rear=(LinkQueue)malloc(sizeof(Node)); head->front=head->rear; head->front->next=NULL; return head; } void deleteEle(LinkList head,int &e)//出隊 { LinkQueue p; p=head->front->next; e=p->data; head->front->next=p->next; if(head->rear==p) head->rear=head->front; free(p); } void EnQueue(LinkList head,int e)//入隊 { LinkQueue p=(LinkQueue)malloc(sizeof(Node)); p->data=e; p->next=NULL; head->rear->next=p; head->rear=p; } 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 //4．采用順序存儲實現循環隊列的初始化、入隊、出隊操作。 bool InitQueue(SqQueue &head)//創建隊列 { head.data=(int *)malloc(sizeof(int)); head.front=head.rear=0; return 1; } bool EnQueue(SqQueue &head,int e)//入隊 { if((head.rear+1)%MAXQSIZE==head.front) { printf("隊列已滿\n"); return 0; } head.data[head.rear]=e; head.rear=(head.rear+1)%MAXQSIZE; return 1; } int QueueLengthead(SqQueue &head)//返回隊列長度 { return (head.rear-head.front+MAXQSIZE)%MAXQSIZE; } bool deleteEle(SqQueue &head,int &e)//出隊 { if(head.front==head.rear) { cout<<"隊列為空！"<<endl; return 0; } e=head.data[head.front]; head.front=(head.front+1)%MAXQSIZE; return 1; } int gethead(SqQueue head)//得到隊列頭元素 { return head.data[head.front]; } int QueueEmpty(SqQueue head)//判斷隊列是否為空 { if (head.front==head.rear) return 1; else return 0; } void travelQueue(SqQueue head)//遍歷輸出 { wheadile(head.front!=head.rear) { printf("%d ",head.data[head.front]); head.front=(head.front+1)%MAXQSIZE; } cout<<endl; } 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 //5．在主函數中設計一個簡單的菜單，分別測試上述算法。 int main() { LinkList top=CreateStack(); int x; wheadile(scanf("%d",&x)!=-1) { top=Pushead(top,x); } int e; wheadile(StackEmpty(top)) { top=Pop(top,e); printf("%d ",e); }//以上是鏈棧的測試 int top=InitStack(); int x; wheadile(cin>>x) top=pushead(top,x); int e; wheadile(StackEmpty(top)) { top=pop(top,&e); printf("%d ",e); }//以上是順序棧的測試 LinkList Q; Q=InitQueue(); int x; wheadile(scanf("%d",&x)!=-1) { EnQueue(Q,x); } int e; wheadile(Q) { deleteEle(Q,e); printf("%d ",e); }//以上是鏈隊列的測試 SqQueue Q1; InitQueue(Q1); int x; wheadile(scanf("%d",&x)!=-1) { EnQueue(Q1,x); } int e; wheadile(QueueEmpty(Q1)) { deleteEle(Q1,e); printf("%d ",e); } return 0; }
上傳時間： 2018-05-09
上傳用戶：123456..
