One traditional view of how wireless networks evolve is of a continuous, inevitable progres-
sion to higher link speeds, combined with greater mobility over wider areas. This standpoint
certainly captures the development from first and second generation cellular systems focused
on voice support, and the early short-range wireless data networks, through to today’s 3G
cellular and mobile broadband systems; there is every confidence that the trend will continue
some way into the future.
Device-to-device(D2D) communications are now considered as an integral part of future 5G networks
which will enable direct communication between user equipment (UE) without unnecessary routing via
the network infrastructure. This architecture will result in higher throughputs than conventional cellular
networks, but with the increased potential for co-channel interference induced by randomly located
cellular and D2D UEs.
The past two decades have witnessed the introduction and unprecedented growth of cellular
mobile telephony and wireless communications. Numerous wireless access technologies
have been introduced in the mobile communications market. While some have flourished
and formed the basis of successful manufacturing and network operator businesses, many
have lived only for a short time and disappeared.
The telecommunications industry has seen a rapid boost within the last decade. New realities
and visions of functionalities in various telecommunications networks have brought forward the
concept of next-generation networks (NGNs). The competitions among operators for support-
ing various services, lowering of the cost of having mobile and cellular phones and smartphones,
increasing demand for general mobility, explosion of digital traffic, and advent of convergence
network technologies added more dynamism in the idea of NGNs. In fact, facilitating con-
vergence of networks and convergence of various types of services is a significant objective of
NGN
Since the telephone was invented in the late nineteenth century, there has been a
steady development of telephone services, and the number of subscribers has con-
tinuously increased. One of the most revolutionary developments in telephone serv-
ice in the late twentieth century was the introduction of the cellular variety of
mobile phone services.
Emergingmarketshaveseenanunprecedentedgrowthinthelastfewyears.Theoperatorfocus
has been on giving complete coverage to all regions (urban to rural) and to subscription to all –
people from the highest to the lowest income groups. When the idea is taking coverage for
the remotest of the regions and getting the ‘unconnected–connected’, technology and business
modelling are two important focus areas.
Today’s wireless services have come a long way since the roll out of the
conventional voice-centric cellular systems. The demand for wireless access
in voice and high rate data multi-media applications has been increasing.
New generation wireless communication systems are aimed at accommodating
this demand through better resource management and improved transmission
technologies.
Over the past few decades, wireless communications and networking have witnessed an
unprecedented growth, and have become pervasive much sooner than anyone could have
predicted. For example, cellular wireless networks are expected to become the dominant
and ubiquitous telecommunication means in the next few decades. The widespread
success of cellular and WLAN systems prompts the development of advanced wireless
systems to provide access to information services beyond voice such as telecommuting,
video conferencing, interactive media, real-time internet gaming, and so on, anytime
and anywhere.
At the time of writing, and to an extent never seen before, there is an expectation that
almost any information or service that is available through communication systems in
the office or home will be available wherever the user happens to be. This is placing
incredible demands on wireless communications and has been the driver for the gen-
esis and deployment of three generations of cellular systems in the space of 20 years.
Following chapter introduces the mobile communication, gives a short history of wireless
communication evolution, and highlights some application scenarios predestined for the
use of mobile devices. cellular and wireless based systems related to different generations
of mobile communication, including GSM, IS-95, PHS, AMPS, D-AMPS, cdma2000 and
WCDMA are also described by this Chapter. Much attention in this chapter is given
to express the wireless based networks, such as Wi-Fi and WiBro/WiMax, and wireless
broadcasting systems, including DMB, DVB-H, and ISDB-T. We conclude the chapter
with the future vision of mobile communication evolution
