VTS(VisuaI Test Shelf) V3.4.7的源代碼。VTS是美國國家聯邦實驗室N.I.S.T.所開發的BACnet協議下的報文的測試工具。BACnet（A Data communication Protocol for
Building Automation and Control Network）是由美國采暖、制冷和空調工程師協會制定的開放樓宇自動控制網絡數據通信協議。
Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) [1] is fast becoming the protocol of choice for IP based communication
– specifically telephony (Voice over Internet Protocol - VoIP), video, and instant
messaging.
Abstract—Mobile devices performing video coding and
streaming over wireless and pervasive communication networks
are limited in energy supply. To prolong the operational lifetime of
these devices, an embedded video encoding system should be able
to adjust its computational complexity and energy consumption
as demanded by the situation and its environment.
The capability of radio waves to provide almost instantaneous distant communications
without interconnecting wires was a major factor in the explosive growth of communica-
tions during the 20th century. With the dawn of the 21st century, the future for communi-
cations systems seems limitless. The invention of the vacuum tube made radio a practical
and affordable communications medium.
This book examines the technologies underlying the compression and trans-
mission of digital video sequences over networking platforms. The incorporated
study covers a large spectrum of topics related to compressed video communica-
tions. It presents to readers a comprehensive and structured analysis of the issues
encountered in the transmission of compressed video streams over networking
environments.
By definition, the term “mobile-radio communications” describes any
radio communication link between two terminals of which one or both
are in motion or halted at unspecified locations and of which one may
actually be a fixed terminal such as a base station. This definition
applies to both mobile-to-mobile and mobile-to-fixed radio communica-
tion links. The mobile-to-mobile link could in fact consist of a mobile-
to-fixed-to-mobile radio communication link.The term “mobile” applies
to land vehicles, ships at sea, aircraft, and communications satellites.
In tactical situations, mobile-radio systems may include any or all of
these types of mobile terminals.
Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology enables high data-rate short-range communica-
tion, in excess of hundredmegabit-per-secondsand up to multi-gigabit-per-seconds,
over a wide spectrum of frequencies, while keeping power consumption at low lev-
els. This low power operation results in a less-interfering co-existence with other
existed communication technologies (e.g., UNII bands).
In addition to carrying a huge amount of data over a distance of up to 230 feet
at very low power (less than 0.5mW), the UWB signal has the ability to penetrate
through the doors and other obstacles that tend to reflect signals at more limited
bandwidths and higher power densities.
In Helsinki during a visiting lecture, an internationally well-known professor in communica-
tionssaid,‘Inthecommunicationssocietywehavemanagedtoconvertourproposalsandideas
to real products, not like in the control engineering society. They have very nice papers and
strong mathematics but most of the real systems still use the old PID controllers!’. As our
background is mainly in control as well as communications engineering, we know that this
thought is not very accurate. We agree that most of the practical controllers are analog and
digital PID controllers, simply because they are very reliable and able to achieve the required
control goals successfully. Most of the controllers can be explained in terms of PID. The
reasons behind this impressive performance of PID will be explained in Chapter 2.
This is a book on wireless communication. That usually means communica-
tion by radio, though ultrasound and infrared light are also used occasion-
ally. The term “wireless” has come to mean nonbroadcast communication,
usually between individuals who very often use portable or mobile equip-
ment. The term is rather vague, of course, and there are certainly borderline
applications that are called wireless without falling exactly into the above
definition.
This book paves the path toward fourth generation (4G) mobile communica-
tion by introducing mobility in heterogeneous IP networks with both third
generation (3G) and wireless local area networks (WLANs), which is seen as
one of the central issues in the becoming 4G of telecommunications networks
and systems. This book presents a thorough overview of 3G networks and
standards and discusses interworking and handover mechanisms between
WLANs and the Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS).
