上下文無(wú)關(guān)文法（Context-Free Grammar, CFG）是一個(gè)4元組G=(V, T, S, P)，其中，V和T是不相交的有限集，S∈V，P是一組有限的產(chǎn)生式規(guī)則集，形如A→α，其中A∈V，且α∈(V∪T)*。V的元素稱為非終結(jié)符，T的元素稱為終結(jié)符，S是一個(gè)特殊的非終結(jié)符，稱為文法開(kāi)始符。 設(shè)G=(V, T, S, P)是一個(gè)CFG，則G產(chǎn)生的語(yǔ)言是所有可由G產(chǎn)生的字符串組成的集合，即L(G)={x∈T* | Sx}。一個(gè)語(yǔ)言L是上下文無(wú)關(guān)語(yǔ)言（Context-Free Language, CFL），當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)存在一個(gè)CFG G，使得L=L(G)。 *⇒ 例如，設(shè)文法G：S→AB A→aA|a B→bB|b 則L(G)={a^nb^m | n,m>=1} 其中非終結(jié)符都是大寫(xiě)字母，開(kāi)始符都是S，終結(jié)符都是小寫(xiě)字母。
標(biāo)簽： Context-Free Grammar CFG
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-12-10
上傳用戶：gaojiao1999
We have a group of N items (represented by integers from 1 to N), and we know that there is some total order defined for these items. You may assume that no two elements will be equal (for all a, b: a<b or b<a). However, it is expensive to compare two items. Your task is to make a number of comparisons, and then output the sorted order. The cost of determining if a < b is given by the bth integer of element a of costs (space delimited), which is the same as the ath integer of element b. Naturally, you will be judged on the total cost of the comparisons you make before outputting the sorted order. If your order is incorrect, you will receive a 0. Otherwise, your score will be opt/cost, where opt is the best cost anyone has achieved and cost is the total cost of the comparisons you make (so your score for a test case will be between 0 and 1). Your score for the problem will simply be the sum of your scores for the individual test cases.
標(biāo)簽： represented integers group items
上傳時(shí)間： 2016-01-17
上傳用戶：jeffery
(1) 、用下述兩條具體規(guī)則和規(guī)則形式實(shí)現(xiàn).設(shè)大寫(xiě)字母表示魔王語(yǔ)言的詞匯 小寫(xiě)字母表示人的語(yǔ)言詞匯 希臘字母表示可以用大寫(xiě)字母或小寫(xiě)字母代換的變量.魔王語(yǔ)言可含人的詞匯. (2) 、B→tAdA A→sae (3) 、將魔王語(yǔ)言B(ehnxgz)B解釋成人的語(yǔ)言.每個(gè)字母對(duì)應(yīng)下列的語(yǔ)言.
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-12-30
上傳用戶：ayfeixiao
The LM628/LM629 are dedicated motion-control processors designed for use with a variety of DC and brushless DC servo motors
標(biāo)簽： motion-control processors dedicated designed
上傳時(shí)間： 2014-01-23
上傳用戶：aa17807091
1.有三根桿子A,B,C。A桿上有若干碟子 2.每次移動(dòng)一塊碟子,小的只能疊在大的上面 3.把所有碟子從A桿全部移到C桿上 經(jīng)過(guò)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，漢諾塔的破解很簡(jiǎn)單，就是按照移動(dòng)規(guī)則向一個(gè)方向移動(dòng)金片： 如3階漢諾塔的移動(dòng)：A→C,A→B,C→B,A→C,B→A,B→C,A→C 此外，漢諾塔問(wèn)題也是程序設(shè)計(jì)中的經(jīng)典遞歸問(wèn)題
標(biāo)簽： 移動(dòng) 發(fā)現(xiàn)
上傳時(shí)間： 2016-07-25
上傳用戶：gxrui1991
1. 下列說(shuō)法正確的是 （ ） A. Java語(yǔ)言不區(qū)分大小寫(xiě) B. Java程序以類(lèi)為基本單位 C. JVM為Java虛擬機(jī)JVM的英文縮寫(xiě) D. 運(yùn)行Java程序需要先安裝JDK 2. 下列說(shuō)法中錯(cuò)誤的是 ( ) A. Java語(yǔ)言是編譯執(zhí)行的 B. Java中使用了多進(jìn)程技術(shù) C. Java的單行注視以//開(kāi)頭 D. Java語(yǔ)言具有很高的安全性 3. 下面不屬于Java語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)的一項(xiàng)是( ) A. 安全性 B. 分布式 C. 移植性 D. 編譯執(zhí)行 4. 下列語(yǔ)句中，正確的項(xiàng)是 ( ) A . int $e,a,b=10 B. char c,d=’a’ C. float e=0.0d D. double c=0.0f
上傳時(shí)間： 2017-01-04
上傳用戶：netwolf
漢諾塔！！！ Simulate the movement of the Towers of Hanoi puzzle Bonus is possible for using animation eg. if n = 2 A→B A→C B→C if n = 3 A→C A→B C→B A→C B→A B→C A→C
標(biāo)簽： the animation Simulate movement
上傳時(shí)間： 2017-02-11
上傳用戶：waizhang
We analyze, both analytically and numerically, the effectiveness of cloaking an infinite cylinder from observations by electromagnetic waves in three dimensions. We show that, as truncated approximations of the ideal permittivity and permeability tensors tend towards the singular ideal cloaking fields, so that the anisotropy ratio tends to infinity, the D and B fields blow up near the cloaking surface. Since the metamaterials used to implement cloaking are based on effective medium theory, the resulting large variation in D and B will pose a challenge to the suitability of the field averaged characterization of " and 碌. We also consider cloaking with and without the SHS (softand- hard surface) lining, shown in [6] to be theoretically necessary for cloaking in the cylindrical geometry. We demonstrate numerically that cloaking is significantly improved by the SHS lining, with both the far field of the scattered wave significantly reduced and the blow up of D and B prevented.
標(biāo)簽： effectiveness analytically numerically cloaking
上傳時(shí)間： 2017-03-30
上傳用戶：zxc23456789
數(shù)字運(yùn)算，判斷一個(gè)數(shù)是否接近素?cái)?shù) A Niven number is a number such that the sum of its digits divides itself. For example, 111 is a Niven number because the sum of its digits is 3, which divides 111. We can also specify a number in another base b, and a number in base b is a Niven number if the sum of its digits divides its value. Given b (2 <= b <= 10) and a number in base b, determine whether it is a Niven number or not. Input Each line of input contains the base b, followed by a string of digits representing a positive integer in that base. There are no leading zeroes. The input is terminated by a line consisting of 0 alone. Output For each case, print "yes" on a line if the given number is a Niven number, and "no" otherwise. Sample Input 10 111 2 110 10 123 6 1000 8 2314 0 Sample Output yes yes no yes no
上傳時(shí)間： 2015-05-21
上傳用戶：daguda
Many programs today suffer from the fact that their users have to connect using IP addresses. This is impossible for dialup users, whose IPs change all the time, and painful for LAN users who don t know their IP addresses or whose addresses also change. In addition, many collaborative programs could benefit from offering friends lists, showing friends as online or offline, providing status information. This kind of functionality is hard to provide, requiring a dedicated Internet database and a new client - client protocol. But it is offered today through a system called AwareNet, which is offered free of charge and royalty
標(biāo)簽： addresses programs connect suffer
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-12-05
上傳用戶：CHENKAI
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