Construction Strategy of ESD Protection CircuitAbstract： The principles used to construct ESD protection on circuits and the basic conceptions of ESD protection design are presented.Key words：ESD protection/On circuit, ESD design window, ESD current path1 引言靜電放電（ESD，Electrostatic Discharge）給電子器件環境會帶來破壞性的后果。它是造成集成電路失效的主要原因之一。隨著集成電路工藝不斷發展，互補金屬氧化物半導體（CMOS，Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor）的特征尺寸不斷縮小，金屬氧化物半導體(MOS, Metal-Oxide Semiconductor)的柵氧厚度越來越薄，MOS 管能承受的電流和電壓也越來越小，因此要進一步優化電路的抗ESD 性能，需要從全芯片ESD 保護結構的設計來進行考慮。
Abstract: Field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) are used in a wide variety of applications and end markets, including digital signalprocessing, medical imaging, and high-performance computing. This application note outlines the issues related to powering FPGAs.It also discusses Maxim's solutions for powering Altera® FPGAs.
PCI ExpressTM is the third generation of PCI (PeripheralComponent Interconnect) technology used to connect I/Operhipheral devices in computer systems. It is intended asa general purpose I/O device interconnect that meets theneeds of a wide variety of computing platforms such asdesktop, mobile, server and communications. It alsospecifies the electrical and mechanical attributes of thebackplane, connectors and removable cards in thesesystems.
Many telecommunications and computing applicationsneed high effi ciency step-down DC/DC converters thatcan operate from a very low input voltage. The highoutput power synchronous controller LT3740 is idealfor these applications, converting input supplies rangingfrom 2.2V to 22V to outputs as low as 0.8V with loadcurrents from 2A to 20A. Applications include distributedpower systems, point-of-load regulation and conversionof logic supplies.
為了提高傳統溫度控制系統的性能，將PID控制理論與嵌入式系統相結合，采用瑞薩電子公司的H8S/2166作為核心處理器，AD公司的AD7705以及熱敏電阻溫度傳感器作為溫度檢測單元，利用4×6小鍵盤、LCD顯示器和S1D13305液晶控制器達到良好的人機交互，設計出了一個應用于化工領域的嵌入式實時溫度控制系統。相比于傳統溫度控制系統，該系統提供了更強的計算能力和可擴展能力，采用增量PID控制算法實現復雜控制。通過實驗，該系統能達到0.1 ℃的溫度控制精度以及小于120 s的溫度穩定時間。
Abstract:
In order to improve the performance of conventional temperature control system， combining PID control theory with embedded systems， using the Renesas Electronics Corp. H8S/2166 micro-controller as a core processors， AD7705 and thermistor temperature sensor as a temperature detection unit and 4×6 small keyboard， LCD and S1D13305 LCD controller as a good human-computer interaction， this paper designed an embedded real-time temperature control system which is applied in chemical industry. Compared with conventional temperature control system， this system provides more computing power and extensibility， and adopts PID control algorithm for complex control. Through the experiment， the system can reach temperature control accuracy of 0.1 ℃ and temperature stabilization time of less than 120 seconds.
介紹基于VHDL的微型打印機控制器的設計。論述了微型打印機的基本原理，以及實現控制器的VHDL語言設計。打印機的數據來自系統中的存儲模塊，根據需要控制打印。該微型打印機控制器可取代傳統的微型打印機,且抗干擾性好,可靠性高，具有較強的移植性，稍加改動就可應用于不同場合。
Abstract:
This paper introduced the design method of micro printer controller based on VHDL.The basic principles of microprinter is explained,as well as the realization of the controller by VHDL language.The printer data is from the system memory modules,can control printer.The design of microprinter controller has antigood and high reliability，it can replace the traditional printer.The controller has very good portability,and need little modify that can use in different situation.
針對目前采用的熱敏電阻測量方法，提出了采用單總線數字式溫度傳感器DS18B20和單片機組成的新型溫度測量儀。介紹DS18B20的結構和工作原理，以及單總線工作原理，給出了由Mega8單片機和DS18B20構成的單總線溫度測量儀的硬件電路及軟件流程圖。經試驗基于單總線器件DS18B20的溫度測量儀，具有測量準確、測溫范圍寬、體積小、控制方便等優點。
Abstract:
This paper brings forward a new temperature meter composed of 1-Wire temperature sensor DS18B20 and MCU which has advantage of the thermistor. In the article, the DS18B20＇s structure and controlling principles are introduced and hardware circuit and software diagram of the temperature meter are given.After been tested,the temperature meter has the advantages of accurate measurement, wide temperature range, small volume and convenient controlling.
介紹基于ATmega8型單片機的溫度測量及加熱控制系統。分析系統的工作原理，詳盡討論系統的硬件電路和軟件流程。實驗證明，該系統工作可靠，穩定性高。
Abstract:
The new temperature measuring and heating control system based on ATmega8 MCU is introduced.The system’s working principles is analyzed.The design principles of hardware and software are also discussed in detail.This system has been testified and it works steady and reliably.
