Software defined radio (SDR) is an exciting new field for the wireless indus-
try; it is gaining momentum and beginning to be included in commercial
and defense products. The technology offers the potential to revolutionize
the way radios are designed, manufactured, deployed, and used. SDR prom-
ises to increase flexibility, extend hardware lifetime, lower costs, and reduce
time to market
Software Radio (SR) is one of the most important emerging technologies for the
future of wireless communication services. By moving radio functionality into
software, it promises to give flexible radio systems that are multi-service, multi-
standard, multi-band, reconfigurable and reprogrammable by software.
Today’s radios are matched to a particular class of signals that are well defined
bytheircarrierfrequencies,modulationformatsandbandwidths.Aradiotransmitter
today can only up convert signals with well-defined bandwidths over defined center
frequencies, while, on the other side of the communication chain, a radio receiver
can only down convert well-defined signal bandwidths, transmitted over specified
carrier frequencies.
The advent of modern wireless devices, such as smart phones and MID 1 terminals,
has revolutionized the way people think of personal connectivity. Such devices
encompass multiple applications ranging from voice and video to high-speed data
transfer via wireless networks. The voracious appetite of twenty-first century users
for supporting more wireless applications on a single device is ever increasing.
These devices employ multiple radios and modems that cover multiple frequency
bands and multiple standards with a manifold of wireless applications often running
simultaneously.
Digital radios have undergone an astonishing evolution in the last century. Born as a set of simple and
power-hungry electrical and electromechanical devices for low data rate transmission of telegraph data
in the Marconi age, they have transformed, thanks to substantial advances in electronic technology,
into a set of small, reliable and sophisticated integrated devices supporting broadband multimedia
communications. This, however, would not have been possible unless significant progress had been
made in recent decades in the field of signal processing algorithms for baseband and passband signals.
In fact, the core of any modern digital radio consists of a set of algorithms running over programmable
electronic hardware. This book stems from the research and teaching activities of its co-authors in
the field of algorithmic techniques for wireless communications. A huge body of technical literature
has accumulated in the last four decades in this area, and an extensive coverage of all its important
aspects in a single textbook is impossible. For this reason, we have selected a few important topics
and, for ease of reading, organized them into two parts.
adio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a rapidly developing automatic wireless data-collection
technology with a long history.The first multi-bit functional passive RFID systems,with a range of
several meters, appeared in the early 1970s, and continued to evolve through the 1980s. Recently,
RFID has experienced a tremendous growth,due to developments in integrated circuits and radios,
and due to increased interest from the retail industrial and government.
Software-defined radios (SDRs) have been around for more than a decade. The
first complete Global Positioning System (GPS) implementation was described
by Dennis Akos in 1997. Since then several research groups have presented their
contributions. We therefore find it timely to publish an up-to-date text on the sub-
ject and at the same time include Galileo, the forthcoming European satellite-
based navigation system. Both GPS and Galileo belong to the category of Global
Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS).
The purpose of this book is to present detailed fundamental information on a
global positioning system (GPS) receiver. Although GPS receivers are popu-
larly used in every-day life, their operation principles cannot be easily found
in one book. Most other types of receivers process the input signals to obtain
the necessary information easily, such as in amplitude modulation (AM) and
frequency modulation (FM) radios. In a GPS receiver the signal is processed
to obtain the required information, which in turn is used to calculate the user
position. Therefore, at least two areas of discipline, receiver technology and
navigation scheme, are employed in a GPS receiver. This book covers both
areas.
