The PCA9541 is a 2-to-1 I2C-bus master selector designed for high reliability dual masterI2C-bus applications where system operation is required, even when one master fails orthe controller card is removed for maintenance. The two masters (for example, primaryand back-up) are located on separate I2C-buses that connect to the same downstreamI2C-bus slave devices. I2C-bus commands are sent by either I2C-bus master and are usedto select one master at a time. Either master at any time can gain control of the slavedevices if the other master is disabled or removed from the system. The failed master isisolated from the system and will not affect communication between the on-line masterand the slave devices on the downstream I2C-bus.
The C500 microcontroller family usually provides only one on-chip synchronous serialchannel (SSC). If a second SSC is required, an emulation of the missing interface mayhelp to avoid an external hardware solution with additional electronic components.The solution presented in this paper and in the attached source files emulates the mostimportant SSC functions by using optimized SW routines with a performance up to 25KBaud in slave Mode with half duplex transmission and an overhead less than 60% atSAB C513 with 12 MHz. Due to the implementation in C this performance is not the limitof the chip. A pure implementation in assembler will result in a strong reduction of theCPU load and therefore increase the maximum speed of the interface. In addition,microcontrollers like the SAB C505 will speed up the interface by a factor of two becauseof an optimized architecture compared with the SAB C513.Moreover, this solution lays stress on using as few on-chip hardware resources aspossible. A more excessive consumption of those resources will result in a highermaximum speed of the emulated interface.Due to the restricted performance of an 8 bit microcontroller a pin compatible solution isprovided only; the internal register based programming interface is replaced by a set ofsubroutine calls.The attached source files also contain a test shell, which demonstrates how to exchangeinformation between an on-chip HW-SSC and the emulated SW-SSC via 5 external wiresin different operation modes. It is based on the SAB C513 (Siemens 8 bit microcontroller).A table with load measurements is presented to give an indication for the fraction of CPUperformance required by software for emulating the SSC.
This application note shows how to write an Inter Integrated Circuit bus driver (I²C) for the Philips P90CL301micro-controller.It is not only an example of writing a driver, but it also includes a set of application interface software routines toquickly implement a complete I²C multi-master system application.For specific applications the user will have to make minimal changes in the driver program. Using the drivermeans linking modules to your application software and including a header-file into the application sourceprograms. A small example program of how to use the driver is listed.The driver supports i.a. polled or interrupt driven message handling, slave message transfers and multi-mastersystem applications. Furthermore, it is made suitable for use in conjunction with real time operating systems, likepSOS+.
Presents short and simple I2C software routines that support onlyslave (rather than master or master & slave) operation and an ASMdemonstration program. The slave-only software in this app notecomplements the master mode software presented in AN464, Usingthe 87LPC76X microcontroller as an I2C bus master.
I2C interface, is a very powerful tool for system designers. Theintegrated protocols allow systems to be completely software defined.Software development time of different products can be reduced byassembling a library of reusable software modules. In addition, themultimaster capability allows rapid testing and alignment ofend-products via external connections to an assembly-line computer.The mask programmable 87LPC76X and its EPROM version, the87LPC76X, can operate as a master or a slave device on the I2Csmall area network. In addition to the efficient interface to thededicated function ICs in the I2C family, the on-board interfacefacilities I/O and RAM expansion, access to EEPROM andprocessor-to-processor communications.
基于多點(diǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的水廠自動(dòng)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)Design of MPI Based Automatic Monitoring and Control System in Water Works劉 美 俊(湖南工程學(xué)院，湘潭411101)摘要針對(duì)水廠工作水泵多、現(xiàn)場(chǎng)離控制站距離遠(yuǎn)的特點(diǎn)，提出了一種基于MPI多點(diǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的自動(dòng)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)方法，分析了系統(tǒng)的工作原理，介紹了系統(tǒng)中數(shù)據(jù)的采集與處理、主站與從站的通信原理以及系統(tǒng)軟件的設(shè)計(jì)。由于這種系統(tǒng)的主、從站PLC之間采用MPI網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信，具有運(yùn)行可靠、性能價(jià)格比高的特點(diǎn)，所以適用于中小規(guī)模水廠的分布式監(jiān)控場(chǎng)合。關(guān)鍵詞多點(diǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)主站從站監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)Abstract Ina ccordancew ithth efe atuersof w aterw orks,i. e. ，manyp umpsin o perationa ndth ep umps， farfor mt hec ontrolst ation,th em ethodo fdesigninga na utomati(〕monitoringa ndc ontorlsy stemb asedo nM PIis p resented.Th eo perationalpr incipleo fth esy stemi san alyzed,th ed atac olection,data processing; communication between master station and slave station as wel as design and system software are discussed. Because MPI network communicationis used among master station, slave stations and PLC, the system is reliable and high cost-efective. It is， suitable for smal and mediumsized water works for distrbuted monitoring and control.Keywords MPI Masterst ation slaves tation Monitoringa ndc ontorlsy stem
自來 水 廠 的自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)一般分為兩大部分，一對(duì)組態(tài)硬件要求較高，投資較大。相對(duì)而言，MPI網(wǎng)是水源地深水泵的工作控制，一是水廠區(qū)變頻恒壓供絡(luò)速度可達(dá)187.5 M bps，通過一級(jí)中繼器傳輸距離可水控制，兩部分的實(shí)際距離通常都比較遠(yuǎn)。某廠水源達(dá)Ikm 。根據(jù)水廠的具體情況，確定以MPI方式組地有3臺(tái)深井泵給水廠區(qū)的蓄水池供水。水廠區(qū)的成網(wǎng)絡(luò)，主站PLC為S7-300系列的CPU3121FM，從任務(wù)是對(duì)水池的水進(jìn)行消毒處理后，通過加壓泵向管站為S7-200系列的CPU222。這樣既滿足了系統(tǒng)要路恒壓供水。選用Siemens公司的S7系列可編程控求，又相對(duì)于Profibus網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)省了三分之一的成本，制器(PLC)和上位機(jī)組成實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)采集和監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)， 這種分布式監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)具有較高的性能價(jià)格比。系統(tǒng)對(duì)深水泵進(jìn)行遠(yuǎn)程控制，對(duì)供水泵采用變頻器進(jìn)行恒中PLC的物理層采用RS - 485接口，網(wǎng)絡(luò)延伸選用壓控制以保證整個(gè)水廠的電機(jī)設(shè)備安全、可靠地運(yùn)帶防雷保護(hù)的中繼器，使系統(tǒng)的安全運(yùn)行得到了保行。證。MPI網(wǎng)絡(luò)的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)如圖1所示。1 多點(diǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)(NWI)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的組成Sie me ns 公司S7系列PLC通常有MP」多點(diǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)與Profibus現(xiàn)場(chǎng)總線網(wǎng)絡(luò)兩種組網(wǎng)方式。Profibus現(xiàn)場(chǎng)總線的應(yīng)用目前較為普遍，通用性較好，它由Profibus一DP, Profibus一FMS, Profibus一PA組成。Profibus - DP型用于分散外設(shè)間的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸，傳輸速率為9.6kbps一12Mbps，主要用于現(xiàn)場(chǎng)控制器與分散1/0之間的通信，可滿足交直流調(diào)速系統(tǒng)快速響應(yīng)的時(shí)間要求，特別適合于加工自動(dòng)化領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用;Profibus - FMS主要解決車間級(jí)通信問題，完成中等傳輸速度的循環(huán)或非循環(huán)數(shù)據(jù)交換任務(wù)，適用于紡織、樓宇自動(dòng)化、可編程控制器、低壓開關(guān)等;Profibus - PA型采用了OSI模型的物理層和數(shù)據(jù)鏈路層，適用于過程自動(dòng)化的總線類型。
Abstract: Designers who must interface 1-Wire temperature sensors with Xilinx field-programmable gate arrays(FPGAs) can use this reference design to drive a DS28EA00 1-Wire slave device. The downloadable softwarementioned in this document can also be used as a starting point to connect other 1-Wire slave devices. The systemimplements a 1-Wire master connected to a UART and outputs temperature to a PC from the DS28EA00 temperaturesensor. In addition, high/low alarm outputs are displayed from the DS28EA00 PIO pins using LEDs.
Abstract: Communication with 1-Wire slave devices requires a 1-Wire master. There are numerous ways to build a 1-Wire master (see reference design 4206, "Choosing the Right 1-Wire Master for Embedded Applications"). Thisdocument describes the DS1WM, a synthesizable 1-Wire master that can be implemented in an application-specificintegrated circuit (ASIC) or field-programmable gate array (FPGA).
