The challenges associated with the design and implementation of Electro- static Discharge (ESD) protection circuits become increasingly complex as technology is scaled well into nano-metric regime. One must understand the behavior of semiconductor devices under very high current densities, high temperature transients in order to surmount the nano-meter ESD challenge. As a consequence, the quest for suitable ESD solution in a given technology must start from the device level. Traditional approaches of ESD design may not be adequate as the ESD damages occur at successively lower voltages in nano-metric dimensions.
標簽： Protection Circuit Device Design ESD and
上傳時間： 2020-06-05
上傳用戶：shancjb
Since the 1990s the EU has been pursuing climate change mitigation targets. Following the international commitment to the legally binding greenhouse gas reduction under the Kyoto Protocol, the 2020 policy package consists of a set of binding legislation to ensure that the EU meets its climate and energy targets for the year 2020. The package sets three key targets: 20% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions (from 1990 levels), 20% of EU energy from renewables (as well as a 10% target for renewable fuels) and 20% improvement in energy efficiency. The targets were set by EU leaders in 2007 and enacted in legislation in 2009 3 . They are also headline targets of the Europe 2020 strategy for smart, sustainable and inclusive growth.
標簽： Preparatory Ecodesign Study
上傳時間： 2020-06-06
上傳用戶：shancjb
Why did an electricity market emerge? How does it really work? What are the perfor- mance measures that we can use to tell that the electricity market under consideration is well functioning? These are the questions that will be explored in this book. The main purpose of this book is to introduce the fundamental theories and concepts that underpintheelectricitymarketswhicharebasedonthreemajordisciplines:electrical power engineering, economics, and optimization methods.
標簽： Electricity Theories Markets
上傳時間： 2020-06-07
上傳用戶：shancjb
The first edition as well as its forerunner of Kuffel and Abdullah published in 1970 and their translations into Japanese and Chinese languages have enjoyed wide international acceptance as basic textbooks in teaching senior under- graduate and postgraduate courses in High-Voltage Engineering. Both texts have also been extensively used by practising engineers engaged in the design and operation of high-voltage equipment. Over the years the authors have received numerous comments from the text’s users with helpful suggestions for improvements. These have been incorporated in the present edition. Major revisions and expansion of several chapters have been made to update the continued progress and developments in high-voltage engineering over the past two decades.
標簽： Engineering Voltage High
上傳時間： 2020-06-07
上傳用戶：shancjb
under the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA), the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) was assigned “primary responsibility to coordinate development of a framework that includes protocols and model standards for information management to achieve interoperability of Smart Grid devices and systems…” [EISA Section 1305]. 35 This responsibility comes at a time when the electric power grid and electric power industry are undergoing the most dramatic transformation in many decades. Very significant investments are being made by industry and the federal government to modernize the power grid. To realize the full benefits of these investments—and the continued investments forecast for the coming decades—there is a continued need to establish effective smart grid 36 standards and protocols for interoperability.
標簽： Framework Roadmap NIST and
上傳時間： 2020-06-07
上傳用戶：shancjb
A power semiconductor module is basically a power circuit of different materials assembled together using hybrid technology, such as semiconduc- tor chip attachment, wire bonding, encapsulation, etc. The materials involved cover a wide range from insulators, conductors, and semiconduc- tors to organics and inorganics. Since these materials all behave differently under various environmental, electrical, and thermal stresses, proper selec- tion of these materials and the assembly processes are critical. In-depth knowledge of the material properties and the processing techniques is there- fore required to build a high-performance and highly reliable power module.
標簽： Manufacture Electronic Modules Design Power
上傳時間： 2020-06-07
上傳用戶：shancjb
The continuous progress in modern power device technology is increasingly supported by power-specific modeling methodologies and dedicated simulation tools. These enable the detailed analysis of operational principles on the the device and on the system level; in particular, they allow the designer to perform trade- off studies by investigating the operation of competing design variants in a very early stage of the development process. Furthermore, using predictive computer simulation makes it possible to analyze the device and system behavior not only under regularoperatingconditions, but also at the rim of the safe-operatingarea and beyond of it, where destructive processes occur that limit the lifetime of a power system.
標簽： POWERHVMOS_Devices_Compact_Modeli ng
上傳時間： 2020-06-07
上傳用戶：shancjb
Switched systems are embedded devices widespread in industrial applications such as power electronics and automotive control. They consist of continuous-time dynamical subsystems and a rule that controls the switching between them. under a suitable control rule, the system can improve its steady-state performance and meet essential properties, such as safety and stability, in desirable operating zones.
標簽： Invariance Switching Analysis1 Systems by
上傳時間： 2020-06-07
上傳用戶：shancjb
Control systems are used to regulate an enormous variety of machines, products, and processes. They control quantities such as motion, temperature, heat flow, fluid flow, fluid pressure, tension, voltage, and current. Most concepts in control theory are based on having sensors to measure the quantity under control. In fact, control theory is often taught assuming the availability of near-perfect feedback signals. Unfortunately, such an assumption is often invalid. Physical sensors have shortcomings that can degrade a control system.
標簽： Observers Control Systems in
上傳時間： 2020-06-10
上傳用戶：shancjb
This paper presents a new type of electromagnetic damper with rotating inertial mass that has been devel oped to control the vibrations of structures subjected to earthquakes. The electromagnetic inertial mass damper (EIMD) consists of a ball screw that converts axial oscillation of the rod end into rotational motion of the internal flflywheel and an electric generator that is turned by the rotation of the inner rod. The EIMD is able to generate a large inertial force created by the rotating flflywheel and a variable damping force devel oped by the electric generator. Device performance tests of reduced-scale and full-scale EIMDs were under taken to verify the basic characteristics of the damper and the validity of the derived theoretical formulae. Shaking table tests of a three-story structure with EIMDs and earthquake response analyses of a building with EIMDs were conducted to demonstrate the seismic response control performance of the EIMD. The EIMD is able to reduce story drifts as well as accelerations and surpasses conventional types of dampers in reducing acceleration responses.
標簽： electromagnetic response Seismic control using
上傳時間： 2021-11-04
上傳用戶：a1293065
