18-2. D/A轉(zhuǎn)換器基本知識(shí)18-3. 光導(dǎo)智能小車硬件實(shí)現(xiàn)18-4. ADC0832基本應(yīng)用方法18-5. 光導(dǎo)智能小車軟件實(shí)現(xiàn)A/D轉(zhuǎn)換器的主要技術(shù)指標(biāo)分辨率 使輸出數(shù)字量變化一個(gè)相鄰數(shù)碼所需輸入模擬電壓的變化量。常 用二進(jìn)制的位數(shù)表示。 例如:12位ADC的分辨率就是12位,一個(gè)10V滿刻度的12位ADC能分辨 輸入電壓變化最小是: 10V×1/212=2.4mV量化誤差 ADC把模擬量變?yōu)閿?shù)字量,用數(shù)字量近似表示模擬量,這個(gè)過程稱為量化。量化誤差是ADC的有限位數(shù)對(duì)模擬量進(jìn)行量化而引起的誤差。A/D轉(zhuǎn)換器的主要技術(shù)指標(biāo)偏移誤差 指輸入信號(hào)為零時(shí),輸出信號(hào)不為零的值,所以有時(shí)又稱為零值誤差。滿刻度誤差 滿刻度誤差又稱為增益誤差。指滿刻度輸出數(shù)碼所對(duì)應(yīng)的實(shí)際輸入電壓與理想輸入電壓之差。線性度 線性度有時(shí)又稱為非線性度,指轉(zhuǎn)換器實(shí)際的轉(zhuǎn)換特性與理想直線的最大偏差。A/D轉(zhuǎn)換器的主要技術(shù)指標(biāo)絕對(duì)精度 在一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)換器中,任何數(shù)碼所對(duì)應(yīng)的實(shí)際模擬量輸入與理論模擬輸入之差的最大值,稱為絕對(duì)精度。對(duì)于ADC而言,可以在每一個(gè)階梯的水平中點(diǎn)進(jìn)行測(cè)量,它包括了所有的誤差。轉(zhuǎn)換速率 指ADC能夠重復(fù)進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換的速度,即每秒轉(zhuǎn)換的次數(shù)。而完成一次A/D轉(zhuǎn)換所需的時(shí)間(包括穩(wěn)定時(shí)間),則是轉(zhuǎn)換速率的倒數(shù)。
標(biāo)簽: 單片機(jī) 應(yīng)用接口
上傳時(shí)間: 2013-11-25
上傳用戶:banlangen
Σ-ΔA/D技術(shù)具有高分辨率、高線性度和低成本的特點(diǎn)。本文基于TI公司的MSP430F1121單片機(jī),介紹了采用內(nèi)置比較器和外圍電路構(gòu)成類似于Σ-△的高精度A/D實(shí)現(xiàn)方案,適合用于對(duì)溫度、壓力和電壓等緩慢變化信號(hào)的采集應(yīng)用。 在各種A/D轉(zhuǎn)換器中,最常用是逐次逼近法(SAR)A/D,該類器件具有轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)間固定且快速的特點(diǎn),但難以顯著提高分辨率;積分型A/D 有較強(qiáng)的抗干擾能力,但轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)間較長(zhǎng);過采樣Σ-ΔA/D由于其高分辨率,高線性度及低成本的特點(diǎn),正得到越來越多的應(yīng)用。根據(jù)這些特點(diǎn),本文以TI公司的MSP430F1121單片機(jī)實(shí)現(xiàn)了一種類似于Σ-ΔA/D技術(shù)的高精度轉(zhuǎn)換器方案。 MSP430F1121是16位RISC結(jié)構(gòu)的FLASH型單片機(jī),該芯片有14個(gè)雙向I/O口并兼有中斷功能,一個(gè)16位定時(shí)器兼有計(jì)數(shù)和定時(shí)功能。I/O口輸出高電平時(shí)電壓接近Vcc,低電平時(shí)接近Vss,因此,一個(gè)I/O口可以看作一位DAC,具有PWM功能。 該芯片具有一個(gè)內(nèi)置模擬電壓比較器,只須外接一只電阻和電容即可構(gòu)成一個(gè)類似于Σ-Δ技術(shù)的高精度單斜率A/D。一般而言,比較器在使用過程中會(huì)受到兩種因素的影響,一種是比較器輸入端的偏置電壓的積累;另一種是兩個(gè)輸入端電壓接近到一程度時(shí),輸出端會(huì)產(chǎn)生振蕩。 MSP430F1121單片機(jī)在比較器兩輸入端對(duì)應(yīng)的單片機(jī)端口與片外輸入信號(hào)的連接線路保持不變的情況下,可通過軟件將比較器兩輸入端與對(duì)應(yīng)的單片機(jī)端口的連接線路交換,并同時(shí)將比較器的輸出極性變換,這樣抵消了比較器的輸入端累積的偏置電壓。通過在內(nèi)部將輸出連接到低通濾波器后,即使在比較器輸入端兩比較電壓非常接近,經(jīng)過濾波后也不會(huì)出現(xiàn)輸出端的振蕩現(xiàn)象,從而消除了輸出端震蕩的問題。利用內(nèi)置比較器實(shí)現(xiàn)高精度A/D圖1是一個(gè)可直接使用的A/D轉(zhuǎn)換方案,該方案是一個(gè)高精度的積分型A/D轉(zhuǎn)換器。其基本原理是用單一的I/O端口,執(zhí)行1位的數(shù)模轉(zhuǎn)換,以比較器的輸出作反饋,來維持Vout與Vin相等。圖1:利用MSP430F1121實(shí)現(xiàn)的實(shí)用A/D轉(zhuǎn)換器電路方案。
標(biāo)簽: 用單片機(jī) 內(nèi)置 比較器 變換器
上傳時(shí)間: 2013-11-10
上傳用戶:lliuhhui
Abstract: Designers who must interface 1-Wire temperature sensors with Xilinx field-programmable gate arrays(FPGAs) can use this reference design to drive a DS28EA00 1-Wire slave device. The downloadable softwarementioned in this document can also be used as a starting point to connect other 1-Wire slave devices. The systemimplements a 1-Wire master connected to a UART and outputs temperature to a PC from the DS28EA00 temperaturesensor. In addition, high/low alarm outputs are displayed from the DS28EA00 PIO pins using LEDs.
標(biāo)簽: PicoBlaze Create Master Xilinx
上傳時(shí)間: 2013-11-05
上傳用戶:a6697238
AstroII-EVB-F1K(A)-L144開發(fā)板用戶指南
標(biāo)簽: AstroII-EVB-F 144 開發(fā)板 用戶
上傳時(shí)間: 2013-11-22
上傳用戶:zhichenglu
Abstract: This application note discusses the development and deployment of 3G cellular femtocell base stations. The technicalchallenges for last-mile residential connectivity and adding system capacity in dense urban environments are discussed, with 3Gfemtocell base stations as a cost-effective solution. Maxim's 3GPP TS25.104-compliant transceiver solution is presented along withcomplete radio reference designs such as RD2550. For more information on the RD2550, see reference design 5364, "FemtocellRadio Reference Designs Using the MAX2550–MAX2553 Transceivers."
標(biāo)簽: Base-Station Applications Single-Chip Transceiver
上傳時(shí)間: 2013-11-07
上傳用戶:songrui
The LogiCORE™ GTP Wizard automates the task of creating HDL wrappers to configure the high-speed serial GTP transceivers in Virtex™-5 LXT and SXT devices. The menu-driven interface allows one or more GTP transceivers to be configured using pre-definedtemplates for popular industry standards, or from scratch, to support a wide variety of custom protocols.The Wizard produces a wrapper, an example design, and a testbench for rapid integration and verification of the serial interface with your custom function Features• Creates customized HDL wrappers to configureVirtex-5 RocketIO™ GTP transceivers• Users can configure Virtex-5 GTP transceivers toconform to industry standard protocols usingpredefined templates, or tailor the templates forcustom protocols• Included protocol templates provide support for thefollowing specifications: Aurora, CPRI, FibreChannel 1x, Gigabit Ethernet, HD-SDI, OBSAI,OC3, OC12, OC48, PCI Express® (PCIe®), SATA,SATA II, and XAUI• Automatically configures analog settings• Each custom wrapper includes example design, testbench; and both implementation and simulation scripts
標(biāo)簽: Transceiver Virtex Wizar GTP
上傳時(shí)間: 2013-10-23
上傳用戶:leyesome
The Linux Programming Interface - A Linux and UNIX System
標(biāo)簽: Programming Linux Interface Handbook
上傳時(shí)間: 2013-11-10
上傳用戶:asdstation
The main objective of this book is to present all the relevant informationrequired for RF and micro-wave power amplifier design includingwell-known and novel theoretical approaches and practical design techniquesas well as to suggest optimum design approaches effectively combininganalytical calculations and computer-aided design. This bookcan also be very useful for lecturing to promote the analytical way ofthinking with practical verification by making a bridge between theoryand practice of RF and microwave engineering. As it often happens, anew result is the well-forgotten old one. Therefore, the demonstrationof not only new results based on new technologies or circuit schematicsis given, but some sufficiently old ideas or approaches are also introduced,that could be very useful in modern practice or could contributeto appearance of new ideas or schematic techniques.
標(biāo)簽: Amplifier Microwave Design Power
上傳時(shí)間: 2013-12-22
上傳用戶:vodssv
解壓密碼:www.elecfans.com 隨著微電子技術(shù)的迅速發(fā)展以及集成電路規(guī)模不斷提高,對(duì)電路性能的設(shè)計(jì) 要求越來越嚴(yán)格,這勢(shì)必對(duì)用于大規(guī)模集成電路設(shè)計(jì)的EDA 工具提出越來越高的 要求。自1972 年美國(guó)加利福尼亞大學(xué)柏克萊分校電機(jī)工程和計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)系開發(fā) 的用于集成電路性能分析的電路模擬程序SPICE(Simulation Program with IC Emphasis)誕生以來,為適應(yīng)現(xiàn)代微電子工業(yè)的發(fā)展,各種用于集成電路設(shè)計(jì)的 電路模擬分析工具不斷涌現(xiàn)。HSPICE 是Meta-Software 公司為集成電路設(shè)計(jì)中 的穩(wěn)態(tài)分析,瞬態(tài)分析和頻域分析等電路性能的模擬分析而開發(fā)的一個(gè)商業(yè)化通 用電路模擬程序,它在柏克萊的SPICE(1972 年推出),MicroSim公司的PSPICE (1984 年推出)以及其它電路分析軟件的基礎(chǔ)上,又加入了一些新的功能,經(jīng) 過不斷的改進(jìn),目前已被許多公司、大學(xué)和研究開發(fā)機(jī)構(gòu)廣泛應(yīng)用。HSPICE 可 與許多主要的EDA 設(shè)計(jì)工具,諸如Candence,Workview 等兼容,能提供許多重要 的針對(duì)集成電路性能的電路仿真和設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果。采用HSPICE 軟件可以在直流到高 于100MHz 的微波頻率范圍內(nèi)對(duì)電路作精確的仿真、分析和優(yōu)化。在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中, HSPICE能提供關(guān)鍵性的電路模擬和設(shè)計(jì)方案,并且應(yīng)用HSPICE進(jìn)行電路模擬時(shí), 其電路規(guī)模僅取決于用戶計(jì)算機(jī)的實(shí)際存儲(chǔ)器容量。 The HSPICE Integrator Program enables qualified EDA vendors to integrate their products with the de facto standard HSPICE simulator, HSPICE RF simulator, and WaveView Analyzer™. In addition, qualified HSPICE Integrator Program members have access to HSPICE integrator application programming interfaces (APIs). Collaboration between HSPICE Integrator Program members will enable customers to achieve more thorough design verification in a shorter period of time from the improvements offered by inter-company EDA design solutions.
標(biāo)簽: download hspice 2007
上傳時(shí)間: 2013-11-10
上傳用戶:123312
MR-E-A伺服手冊(cè)
上傳時(shí)間: 2013-10-30
上傳用戶:半熟1994
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