鎖定放大是微弱信號檢測的重要手段。基于相關檢測理論，利用開關電容的開關實現鎖定放大器中乘法器的功能，提出開關電容和積分器相結合以實現相關檢測的方法，并設計出一種鎖定放大器。該鎖定放大器將微弱信號轉化為與之相關的方波，通過后續電路得到正比于被測信號的直流電平，為后續采集處理提供方便。測量數據表明鎖定放大器前級可將10-6 A的電流轉換為10-1 V的電壓，后級通過帶通濾波器級聯可將信號放大1×105倍。該方法在降低噪聲的同時，可對微弱信號進行放大，線性度較高、穩定性較好。
Abstract:
Lock-in Amplifying（LIA）is one of important means for weak signal detection. Based on cross-correlation detection theory， switch in the swithched capacitor was used as multiplier of LIA， and a new method of correlation detection was proposed combining swithched capacitor with integrator. A kind of LIA was designed which can convert the weak signal to square-wave， then DC proportional to measured signal was obtained through follow-up conditioning circuit， providing convenience for signal acquisition and processing. The measured data shows that the electric current（10-6 A） can be changed into voltage（10-1 V） by LIA， and the signal is magnified 1×105 times by cascade band-pass filter. The noise is suppressed and the weak signal is amplified. It has the advantages of good linearity and stability.
摘要: 研究用內腔式He- Ne 激光器做光源時, 硅光電池實驗中光電檢流計讀數不穩定的現象。利用硅光電池分別觀測在不加偏振片、加上偏振片時內腔式He- Ne 激光器輸出的光強度, 得到激光經偏振片后輸出光強隨時間而變。利用共焦掃描干涉儀掃描出激光束的各個縱模, 實驗表明, 內腔式He- Ne 激光器每個縱模的偏振方向隨時間緩慢變化, 引起了實驗中輸出的光強變化。
