Single-Ended and Differential S-Parameters
Differential circuits have been important incommunication systems for many years. In the past,differential communication circuits operated at lowfrequencies, where they could be designed andanalyzed using lumped-element models andtechniques. With the frequency of operationincreasing beyond 1GHz, and above 1Gbps fordigital communications, this lumped-elementapproach is no longer valid, because the physicalsize of the circuit approaches the size of awavelength.Distributed models and analysis techniques are nowused instead of lumped-element techniques.Scattering parameters, or S-parameters, have beendeveloped for this purpose [1]. These S-parametersare defined for single-ended networks. S-parameterscan be used to describe differential networks, but astrict definition was not developed until Bockelmanand others addressed this issue [2]. Bockelman’swork also included a study on how to adapt single-ended S-parameters for use with differential circuits[2]. This adaptation, called “mixed-mode S-parameters,” addresses differential and common-mode operation, as well as the conversion betweenthe two modes of operation.This application note will explain the use of single-ended and mixed-mode S-parameters, and the basicconcepts of microwave measurement calibration.
標(biāo)簽：
差分電路
單端
模式
上傳時間：
2014-03-25
上傳用戶：yyyyyyyyyy
源代碼\用動態(tài)規(guī)劃算法計算序列關(guān)系個數(shù)
用關(guān)系"<"和"="將3個數(shù)a，b，c依次序排列時，有13種不同的序列關(guān)系：
a=b=c,a=b<c,a<b=v,a<b<c,a<c<b
a=c<b,b<a=c,b<a<c,b<c<a,b=c<a
c<a=b,c<a<b,c<b<a
若要將n個數(shù)依序列，設(shè)計一個動態(tài)規(guī)劃算法，計算出有多少種不同的序列關(guān)系，
要求算法只占用O(n),只耗時O(n*n).
標(biāo)簽：
lt
源代碼
動態(tài)規(guī)劃
序列
上傳時間：
2013-12-26
上傳用戶：siguazgb
