Licensed spectrum remains 3GPP operators’ top priority to deliver
advanced services and user experience
Opportunistic use of unlicensed spectrum is becoming an important
complement for operators to meet the growing traffic demand
Moving forward 3GPP operators will have two options to offload
traffic to unlicensed spectrum:
1. Wi-Fi (via LTE/Wi-Fi interworking)
2. LTE over unlicensed
It will then be up to each individual operator to choose which
approach to use, which will depend on a number of factors
Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) networks have become mainstream over the last few years. What
started out as cable replacement for static desktops in indoor networks has been extended
to fully mobile broadband applications involving moving vehicles, high-speed trains, and
even airplanes.
Following chapter introduces the mobile communication, gives a short history of wireless
communication evolution, and highlights some application scenarios predestined for the
use of mobile devices. Cellular and wireless based systems related to different generations
of mobile communication, including GSM, IS-95, PHS, AMPS, D-AMPS, cdma2000 and
WCDMA are also described by this Chapter. Much attention in this chapter is given
to express the wireless based networks, such as Wi-Fi and WiBro/WiMax, and wireless
broadcasting systems, including DMB, DVB-H, and ISDB-T. We conclude the chapter
with the future vision of mobile communication evolution
Digital mobile wireless communication and the Internet have undergone a
fantastic growth in the last few years and, despite originating from two different
worlds, they are converging. This convergence corresponds to the evolution of
mobile systems towards the highest broadband data transmissions (GSM,
EDGE/GPRS, UMTS then HSDPA), while the computing world gets equipped with
wireless technologies such as Wi-Fi or Wi-Max.
The fi rst edition of this book came about because Regina Lundgren had always been
fascinated with communication. She started writing novels in the third grade. When she
was asked on her fi rst day at the University of Washington what she hoped to do with her
degree in scientifi c and technical communication, she replied, “I want to write environ-
mental impact statements.” When Patricia Clark hired her to work at the Pacifi c Northwest
National Laboratory to do just that, she was overjoyed.
Rapid progress in information and communications technology (ICT) induces
improved and new telecommunications services and contributes greatly to society
in general and to vendors and network and service providers. In addition to existing
services such as telephony or leased line services, spread of the Internet, the Internet
Protocol (IP) phone, and new communications services like IPTV are making great
progress with the development of digital subscriber lines (DSL) and high - speed
communications technologies like fi ber to the home (FTTH).
The digital dilemma: Telecoms fi rms prepare for
the future is an Economist Intelligence Unit
(EIU) report commissioned by WIPRO. The report
strives to identify the key issues that companies
within the telecoms sector are facing as they
attempt to reshape their businesses to compete
in a more digitised world.
Today wireless is becoming the leader in communication choices among
users. It is not anymore a backup solution for nomadic travellers but really a
newmoodnaturallyusedeverywhereevenwhenthewiredcommunicationsare
possible. Many technologies evolve then continuously, changing the telecom-
munication world. We talk about wireless local area networks (WLANs), wire-
less personal area networks (WPANs), wireless metropolitan area networks
(WMANs), wireless wide area networks (WWANs), mobile ad hoc networks
(MANETs), wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and mesh networks. Since we
can find today a multitude of wireless technologies we decided to group a
numberofcomplementarytechnologiesintoonedocumenttomakeiteasierfor
areadertounderstandsomeofthetechnicaldetailsofeachmedia.
During the past three decades, the world has seen signifi cant changes in the telecom-
munications industry. There has been rapid growth in wireless communications, as
seen by large expansion in mobile systems. Wireless communications have moved
from fi rst-generation (1G) systems primarily focused on voice communications to
third-generation (3G) systems dealing with Internet connectivity and multi-media
applications. The fourth-generation (4G) systems will be designed to connect wire-
less personal area networks (WPANs), wireless local area networks (WLANs) and
wireless wide-area networks (WWANs).
