將現(xiàn)行的供暖計(jì)費(fèi)方式由按建筑面積計(jì)費(fèi)變?yōu)榘聪牡臒崮苡?jì)費(fèi)是供暖計(jì)費(fèi)方式發(fā)展趨勢(shì)，為了滿足這一計(jì)費(fèi)方式變化的需要，設(shè)計(jì)了基于IC卡的預(yù)付費(fèi)式新型供暖計(jì)費(fèi)系統(tǒng)，通過測(cè)量用戶采暖系統(tǒng)進(jìn)出口的溫度和流量，計(jì)算用戶消耗的熱能，利用IC卡記錄用戶預(yù)付費(fèi)的金額和當(dāng)年熱能的單價(jià)，根據(jù)熱能消耗和當(dāng)年熱能的單價(jià)計(jì)算用戶采暖費(fèi)，根據(jù)實(shí)際發(fā)生的供暖費(fèi)用和預(yù)付費(fèi)金額控制供暖的開停，這一計(jì)費(fèi)方式的變化使供暖計(jì)費(fèi)更趨合理。
Abstract:
It is trend that the mode of heat charging is changed from billing by building area to by thermal energy. In order to meet the needs of heat charging mode changing， a new system of heat charging based on IC card is proposed. The user?蒺s energy consumption is calculated by measuring the user inlet and outlet temperature and flow，using the IC card to record the prepaid amount and the current price of heat. The user?蒺s heating costs is calculated according to energy consumption and current price， according to actual heating costs and prepaid amount，the system controls the heating opening or stopping. It is more reasonable that calculated heating costs by user heat consumption
提出一種基于單片機(jī)AT89C51SND1C的MP3播放系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)方案。單片機(jī)集成了專用的解碼器，使用K9F1208閃存作為外存儲(chǔ)器，放音電路采用CS4330，存儲(chǔ)文件通過播放器上的USB接口設(shè)備從PC機(jī)上直接下載，液晶顯示采用LCD1602。方案設(shè)計(jì)簡(jiǎn)單，性價(jià)比高，低功耗，易擴(kuò)展。由于采用的是通用單片機(jī)實(shí)現(xiàn)的，可以很容易地移植到其他微控制器系統(tǒng)中，有很強(qiáng)的市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)能力和實(shí)用價(jià)值。
Abstract:
A MP3 player design based on microchip AT89C51SND1C was presented, which used K9F1208 Flash chip as the memory circuit and used CS4330 as play chip. Storage files were download from PC through USB interfaces player on the device，and the LCD/602 was used as display screen. This system had characteristics of simple design,low power,easy expand，low cost and high recognition. Using of universual microchip make it easy to transplant to other microcontrol system，and have strong market competitiom and practical value.
為了在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)及過程控制中準(zhǔn)確測(cè)量溫度，設(shè)計(jì)了一種基于低功耗MSP430單片機(jī)的數(shù)字溫度計(jì)。整個(gè)系統(tǒng)通過單片機(jī)MSP430F1121A控制DS18B20讀取溫度，采用數(shù)碼管顯示，溫度傳感器DS18B20與單片機(jī)之間通過串口進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)傳輸。MSP430系列單片機(jī)具有超低功耗，且外圍的整合性高，DS18B20只需一個(gè)端口即可實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)通信，連接方便。通過多次實(shí)驗(yàn)證明，該系統(tǒng)的測(cè)試結(jié)果與實(shí)際環(huán)境溫度一致，除了具有接口電路簡(jiǎn)單、測(cè)量精度高、誤差小、可靠性高等特點(diǎn)外，其低成本、低功耗的特點(diǎn)使其擁有更廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。
Abstract:
In order to obtain accurate measuring temperature in industrial production and process control， a digital thermometer based on MSP430 MCU is designed. The system uses MSP430F1121A MCU to control DS18B20， and gets the temperature data， which is displayed on the LED. The temperature sensor DS18B20 and MCU transmit data through serial communication. MSP430 series has ultra-low power and high integration， DS18B20 only needs one port to achieve data communication. Through many experimental results prove， this system is consistent with actual environment temperature. The system has characteristics of interface circuit simple， high measuring accuracy， minor error， high reliability， besides， the characteristics of low cost and low power make it having vaster application prospect.
針對(duì)當(dāng)前安檢力學(xué)試驗(yàn)機(jī)所能完成的試驗(yàn)種類單一、自動(dòng)化程度低等問題，提出一種以ATmega128單片機(jī)為核心控制器的安檢力學(xué)試驗(yàn)機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)。詳細(xì)闡述了該安檢力學(xué)試驗(yàn)機(jī)各個(gè)組成部分的設(shè)計(jì)原理和方案，并且給出了各部分的軟件設(shè)計(jì)思想和操作流程。經(jīng)過大量測(cè)試試驗(yàn)表明：設(shè)計(jì)的安檢力學(xué)試驗(yàn)機(jī)可以完成多達(dá)十余種的力學(xué)安檢試驗(yàn)，完全符合相關(guān)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，并且具有數(shù)據(jù)采集精度高、傳輸速度快、操作安全簡(jiǎn)便等特點(diǎn)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了安檢設(shè)備的多功能化、數(shù)字化和自動(dòng)化。
Abstract:
Currently， many mechanical security testing machines have only one function. The degree of automation of them is low. To solve those problems， a new kind of mechanical security testing machine， using ATmega128 micro-controller as its core controller， has been advanced. It describes the components of the machine. The principles and the scheme in the designing processes are presented in detail， and the software architecture and the operation processes of each part are given. After having done many testing， we have reached the following conclusions: the mechanical security testing machine presented can do over ten mechanical security tests complying with related national standards. It has high data acquisition accuracy and high transmission speed. The operation of the machine is simple and safe. In general， this machine is a multi-functional， highly automatic， digitalized security testing device.
Bootloader是微處理器上電時(shí)運(yùn)行的第一段代碼，它可以通過通信接口實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)微處理器內(nèi)部應(yīng)用程序的更新升級(jí)，為網(wǎng)絡(luò)化嵌入式產(chǎn)品的應(yīng)用程序升級(jí)帶來極大的便利。由于目前沒有統(tǒng)一嵌入式系統(tǒng)的Bootloader。基于NEC 78K0系列單片機(jī)自編程原理，設(shè)計(jì)出一個(gè)適用于78K0/Fx2系列單片機(jī)的Bootloader，并能夠通過單片機(jī)串口在線升級(jí)應(yīng)用程序。
Abstract:
Bootloader is the first piece of code executed after microprocessor startup. It makes the embedded product’s firmware update conveniently through communication interface. However， no unified bootloader is available for all kinds of microprocessor products. Based on the principle of self-programming NEC 78K0s’ series， a useful Bootloader which is suitable for 78K0/Fx2s’ series MCU is designed，the design can update the application through serial ports.
本文介紹了基于AT89C52 單片機(jī)的自動(dòng)水溫控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)及實(shí)現(xiàn)過程。該系統(tǒng)具有實(shí)時(shí)顯示、溫度測(cè)量、溫度設(shè)定并能根據(jù)設(shè)定值對(duì)環(huán)境溫度進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)實(shí)現(xiàn)控溫的目的以及達(dá)到上下限溫度報(bào)警功能，控制算法是基于數(shù)字PID 算法。關(guān)鍵詞 ：PID AT89C52 脈寬調(diào)制 實(shí)時(shí)
Abstract ： This article describes AT89C52 single-chip microcomputer-basedautomatic water temperature control system design and implementation process. Thesystem has real-time display, temperature measurement, temperature settings and theenvironment in accordance with the temperature settings adjusted to achieve thepurpose of temperature control and reach the upper and lower limits of temperaturealarm function, the control algorithm is based on the digital PID algorithm.Keyword: PID AT89C52 PWM real time
介紹了一種基于MSP430系列單片機(jī)和ADXL203加速度傳感器的數(shù)字式傾角儀，它不僅可以實(shí)現(xiàn)水平度檢測(cè)，而且可以測(cè)量00～3600范圍內(nèi)的任意傾角，分辨率可達(dá)O．1。。此外，由于該傾角儀輸出為數(shù)字結(jié)果，因此它也可以與其他的數(shù)字設(shè)備結(jié)合起來，組合成一個(gè)功能更加強(qiáng)大的儀器。該數(shù)字傾角儀可廣泛應(yīng)用于建筑、機(jī)械、道路、橋梁、石油、煤礦和地質(zhì)勘探等各種需要測(cè)量重力參考系下傾角的場(chǎng)合。關(guān)鍵詞：MSP430F133單片機(jī)；力敏傳感器；ADXL203加速度計(jì)；角度測(cè)量
Abstract：This paper presents a new style digital inclinometer which is developed on the basis of the MSP430F133 MCU and the ADXL203 dual axis aeeelerometer．This inclinometer not only can test levelness，but also can measure any angle between 0。and 360。with an accuracy of 0．1 O．In addition，its output is a digital result，which makes it possible to integrate itself with other digital devices to form a more functional unit．This inclinometer can be widely used in any construction site，oil field，coal-mine or geologic survey and SO on where it will provide the working people with convenience to measure any angles．Key words：MSP430F133 MCU；force sensor；ADXL203 accelerometer；angle measurement
介紹了用單片機(jī)C 語言實(shí)現(xiàn)無功補(bǔ)償中電容組循環(huán)投切的基本原理和算法，并舉例說明。關(guān)鍵詞：循環(huán)投切;C51;無功補(bǔ)償中圖分類號(hào)： TM76 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼： BAbstract: This paper introduces the aplication of C51 in the controlling of capacitorsuits cycle powered to be on and off in reactive compensation.it illustrate thefondamental principle and algorithm with example.Key words: cycle powered to be on and off; C51; reactive compensation
為提高功率因數(shù)，往往采用補(bǔ)償電容的方法來實(shí)現(xiàn)。而電容器的容量是由實(shí)時(shí)功率因數(shù)與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值進(jìn)行比較來決定的，實(shí)時(shí)功率因數(shù)小于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值時(shí)，需投入電容組，實(shí)時(shí)功率因數(shù)大于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值時(shí)，則需切除電容組。投切方式的不合理，會(huì)對(duì)電容器造成損壞，現(xiàn)有的控制器多采用“順序投切”方式，在這種投切方式下排序在前的電容器組，先投后切；而后面的卻后投先切。這不僅使處于前面的電容組經(jīng)常處于運(yùn)行狀態(tài)，積累熱量不易散失，影響其使用壽命，而且使后面的投切開關(guān)經(jīng)常動(dòng)作，同樣減少壽命。合理的投切方式應(yīng)為“循環(huán)投切”。這種投切方式使先投入的運(yùn)行的電容組先退出，后投的后切除，從而使各組電容及投切開關(guān)使用機(jī)率均等，降低了電容組的平均運(yùn)行溫度，減少了投切開關(guān)的動(dòng)作次數(shù)，延長(zhǎng)了其使用壽命。
基于AT89C52單片機(jī)的步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)
摘 要: 提出了一個(gè)由AT89C52單片機(jī)控制步進(jìn)電機(jī)的實(shí)例。可以通過鍵盤輸入相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù), 并根據(jù)需要, 實(shí)時(shí)對(duì)步進(jìn)電機(jī)工作方式進(jìn)行設(shè)置, 具有實(shí)時(shí)性和交互性的特點(diǎn)。該系統(tǒng)可應(yīng)用于步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制的大多數(shù)場(chǎng)合。實(shí)踐表明, 系統(tǒng)性能優(yōu)于傳統(tǒng)的步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制器。
關(guān)鍵詞: 單片機(jī); 步進(jìn)電動(dòng)機(jī); 直流固態(tài)繼電器; 實(shí)時(shí)控制
ABSTRACT: A stepp ing motor control system based on AT89C52 chip microcomputer was described.The data can be inputwith keyboard, and stepp ingmotorwas controlled by these data. According to the demand, users can set the workingmodel of stepp ingmotor in real2time. This system can be widely used in stepp ing motor controlling. The p ractice showed that the performance of this system outdid the tradi-tional stepp ing motor controller.
根據(jù)看門狗電路的原理，設(shè)計(jì)出簡(jiǎn)單適用、性能可靠的1TrL型看門狗電路以及價(jià)格低廉、性能可靠的微功耗CMOS型看門狗電路，同時(shí)還介紹了常用的uP監(jiān)視器O型看門狗電路。關(guān)鍵詞：看門狗電路；1TrL型；CMOS型Abstract：In accordance with the principle of WDT (Watch Dog Timer 1circuit，design a，IT．L type WTD circuit，it is a dimple an d applicable an d reliable on performanceo Design a CMOS type WTD circuit，it is low prices and mini-power consumption。Also the article describes a common uP type WTD circuit。Key word：WDT circuit；TFL type；CMOS typ e
