By DEFINITION, the term “mobile-radio communications” describes any radio communication link between two terminals of which one or both are in motion or halted at unspecified locations and of which one may actually be a fixed terminal such as a base station. This DEFINITION applies to both mobile-to-mobile and mobile-to-fixed radio communica- tion links. The mobile-to-mobile link could in fact consist of a mobile- to-fixed-to-mobile radio communication link.The term “mobile” applies to land vehicles, ships at sea, aircraft, and communications satellites. In tactical situations, mobile-radio systems may include any or all of these types of mobile terminals.
標簽： Communications Engineering Mobile
上傳時間： 2020-05-30
上傳用戶：shancjb
Mobile wireless communications are in constant evolution due to the continu- ously increasing requirements and expectations of both users and operators. Mass multimedia* services have been for a long time expected to generate a large amount of data traffic in future wireless networks [1]. Mass multimedia services are, by DEFINITION, purposed for many people. In general, it can be distinguished between the distribution of any popular content over a wide area and the distribu- tion of location-dependent information in highly populated areas. Representative examples include the delivery of live video streaming content (like sports compe- titions, concerts, or news) and file download (multimedia clips, digital newspa- pers, or software updates).
標簽： Broadcasting Generation Mobile Next
上傳時間： 2020-05-31
上傳用戶：shancjb
Part I provides a compact survey on classical stochastic geometry models. The basic models defined in this part will be used and extended throughout the whole monograph, and in particular to SINR based models. Note however that these classical stochastic models can be used in a variety of contexts which go far beyond the modeling of wireless networks. Chapter 1 reviews the DEFINITION and basic properties of Poisson point processes in Euclidean space. We review key operations on Poisson point processes (thinning, superposition, displacement) as well as key formulas like Campbell’s formula. Chapter 2 is focused on properties of the spatial shot-noise process: its continuity properties, its Laplace transform, its moments etc. Both additive and max shot-noise processes are studied. Chapter 3 bears on coverage processes, and in particular on the Boolean model. Its basic coverage characteristics are reviewed. We also give a brief account of its percolation properties. Chapter 4 studies random tessellations; the main focus is on Poisson–Voronoi tessellations and cells. We also discuss various random objects associated with bivariate point processes such as the set of points of the first point process that fall in a Voronoi cell w.r.t. the second point process.
標簽： Stochastic Geometry Networks Wireless Volume and
上傳時間： 2020-06-01
上傳用戶：shancjb
Fourth Generation (4G) wireless communication systems aim to allow peak data rates in the range of 1 Gbps for nomadic access and 100 Mbps for vehicular mobil- ity. 4G aims to support current and emergent multimedia services, such as mobile TV, social networks and gaming, high-DEFINITION television and video telecon- ference, multimedia messaging service, using the All-over IP concept and with improved quality of service.
標簽： Transmission Techniques Systems for 4G
上傳時間： 2020-06-01
上傳用戶：shancjb
The dictionary DEFINITION of telecommunications is ‘communication over long distance by cable, telegraph, telephone or broadcasting’, but since its initiation over 100yearsagothingshavemovedrapidly.Telecommunicationsisnowaverycomplex industrywithmanydifferentpressures,operatinginahighlydynamic environment.It is best viewed as part of a wider industry known as information and communication technology (ICT). The purpose of this chapter is to explain where telecommunication fits in, to highlight some of the complexities – hopefully to simplify them – and to position the industry in today’s dynamic business environment.
標簽： Telecommunications Understanding Business
上傳時間： 2020-06-01
上傳用戶：shancjb
This is a book on wireless communication. That usually means communica- tion by radio, though ultrasound and infrared light are also used occasion- ally. The term “wireless” has come to mean nonbroadcast communication, usually between individuals who very often use portable or mobile equip- ment. The term is rather vague, of course, and there are certainly borderline applications that are called wireless without falling exactly into the above DEFINITION.
標簽： Communication Technology Wireless
上傳時間： 2020-06-01
上傳用戶：shancjb
A kinematically redundant manipulator is a serial robotic arm that has more independently driven joints than are necessary to define the desired pose (position and orientation) of its end-effector. With this DEFINITION, any planar manipulator (a manipulator whose end-effector motion is restrained in a plane) with more than three joints is a redundant manipulator. Also, a manipulator whose end-effector can accept aspatialposeisaredundant manipulator ifithas morethan sixindependently driven joints. For example, the manipulator shown in Fig. 1.1 has two 7-DOF arms mounted on a torso with three degrees of freedom (DOFs). This provides 10 DOFs for each arm. Since the end-effector of each arm can have a spatial motion with six DOFs, the arms are redundant.
標簽： Autonomous Modeling Planning Robots Path
上傳時間： 2020-06-10
上傳用戶：shancjb
高質量C++和C編程指南資料說明[摘要]每個 C++/C 程序通常分為兩個文件。一個文件用于保存程序的聲明（declaration），稱為頭文件。另一個文件用于保存程序的實現（implementaTIon），稱為定義（DEFINITION）文件。 C++/C 程序的頭文件以“.h”為后綴，C 程序的定義文件以“.c”為后綴，C++程序的定義文件通常以“.cpp”為后綴（也有一些系統以“.cc”或“.cxx”為后綴）。 自從計算機問世以來，程序設計就成了令人羨慕的職業，程序員在受人寵愛之后容易發展成為毛病特多卻常能自我臭美的群體。如今在 Internet 上流傳的“真正”的程序員據說是這樣的： （1） 真正的程序員沒有進度表，只有討好領導的馬屁精才有進度表，真正的程序員會讓領導提心吊膽。 （2） 真正的程序員不寫使用說明書，用戶應當自己去猜想程序的功能。 （3） 真正的程序員幾乎不寫代碼的注釋，如果注釋很難寫，它理所當然也很難讀。 （4） 真正的程序員不畫流程圖，原始人和文盲才會干這事。 （5） 真正的程序員不看參考手冊，新手和膽小鬼才會看。 （6） 真正的程序員不寫文檔也不需要文檔，只有看不懂程序的笨蛋才用文檔。 （7） 真正的程序員認為自己比用戶更明白用戶需要什么。 （8） 真正的程序員不接受團隊開發的理念，除非他自己是頭頭。 （9） 真正的程序員的程序不會在第一次就正確運行，但是他們愿意守著機器進行若干個 30 小時的調試改錯。 （10）真正的程序員不會在上午 9:00 到下午 5:00 之間工作，如果你看到他在上午 9:00 工作，這表明他從昨晚一直干到現在。 …… 具備上述特征越多，越顯得水平高，資格老。所以別奇怪，程序員的很多缺點竟然可以被當作優點來欣賞。就象在武俠小說中，那些獨來獨往、不受約束且帶點邪氣的高手最令人崇拜。我曾經也這樣信奉，并且希望自己成為那樣的“真正”的程序員，結果沒有得到好下場。
上傳時間： 2021-10-26
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Wherever possible the overall technique used for this series will be "DEFINITION by example" withgeneric formulae included for use in other applications. To make stability analysis easy we will usemore than one tool from our toolbox with data sheet information, tricks, rules-of-thumb, SPICESimulation, and real-world testing all accelerating our design of stable operational amplifier (op amp)circuits. These tools are specifically targeted at voltage feedback op amps with unity-gain bandwidths<20 MHz, although many of the techniques are applicable to any voltage feedback op amp. 20 MHz ischosen because as we increase to higher bandwidth circuits there are other major factors in closing theloop: such as parasitic capacitances on PCBs, parasitic inductances in capacitors, parasitic inductancesand capacitances in resistors, etc. Most of the rules-of-thumb and techniques were developed not justfrom theory but from the actual building of real-world circuits with op amps <20 MHz.
標簽： 運算放大器
上傳時間： 2021-11-01
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1. Scope ......................................................................................................................................................................... 12. DDR4 SDRAM Package Pinout and Addressing ....................................................................................................... 22.1 DDR4 SDRAM Row for X4,X8 and X16 ................................................................................................................22.2 DDR4 SDRAM Ball Pitch........................................................................................................................................22.3 DDR4 SDRAM Columns for X4,X8 and X16 ..........................................................................................................22.4 DDR4 SDRAM X4/8 Ballout using MO-207......................................................................................................... 22.5 DDR4 SDRAM X16 Ballout using MO-207.............................................................................................................32.6 Pinout Description ..................................................................................................................................................52.7 DDR4 SDRAM Addressing.....................................................................................................................................73. Functional Description ...............................................................................................................................................83.1 Simplified State Diagram ....................................................................................................................................83.2 Basic Functionality..................................................................................................................................................93.3 RESET and Initialization Procedure .....................................................................................................................103.3.1 Power-up Initialization Sequence .............................................................................................................103.3.2 Reset Initialization with Stable Power ......................................................................................................113.4 Register DEFINITION ................................................................................................................................................123.4.1 Programming the mode registers .............................................................................................................123.5 Mode Register ......................................................................................................................................................134. DDR4 SDRAM Command Description and Operation ............................................................................................. 244.1 Command Truth Table ..........................................................................................................................................244.2 CKE Truth Table ...................................................................................................................................................254.3 Burst Length, Type and Order ..............................................................................................................................264.3.1 BL8 Burst order with CRC Enabled .........................................................................................................264.4 DLL-off Mode & DLL on/off Switching procedure ................................................................................................274.4.1 DLL on/off switching procedure ...............................................................................................................274.4.2 DLL “on” to DLL “off” Procedure ..............................................................................................................274.4.3 DLL “off” to DLL “on” Procedure ..............................................................................................................284.5 DLL-off Mode........................................................................................................................................................294.6 Input Clock Frequency Change ............................................................................................................................304.7 Write Leveling.......................................................................................................................................................314.7.1 DRAM setting for write leveling & DRAM termination function in that mode ............................................324.7.2 Procedure Description .............................................................................................................................334.7.3 Write Leveling Mode Exit .........................................................................................................................34
標簽： DDR4
上傳時間： 2022-01-09
上傳用戶：
