數字信息在有噪聲的信道中傳輸時,受到噪聲的影響,誤碼總是不可避免的。根據香農信息理論,只要使ES/N0足夠大,就可以達到任意小的誤碼率。采用差錯控制編碼,即信道編碼技術,可以在一定的ES/N0條件下有效地降低誤碼率。按照對信息元處理方式不同,信道編碼分為分組碼與卷積碼兩類。卷積碼的k0和n0較小,實現最佳譯碼與準最佳譯碼更加容易。卷積碼運用廣泛,被ITU選入第三代移動通信系統,作為包括WCDMA,CDMA2000和TD-SCDMA在內的信道編碼的標準方案。 本文研究了CDMA2000業務通道中的幀結構,對CDMA2000系統中的卷積碼特性及維特比譯碼的性能限進行了分析,并基于MATLAB平臺做了相應的譯碼性能仿真。我們設計了一種可用于CDMA2000通信系統的通用、高速維特比譯碼器。該譯碼器在設計上具有以下創新之處:(1)采用通用碼表結構,支持可變碼率;幀控制模塊和頻率控制器模塊的設計中采用計數器、定時器等器件實現了可變幀長、可變數據速率的數據幀處理方式。(2)結合流水線結構思想,利用四個ACS模塊并行運行,加快數據處理速度;在ACS模塊中,將路徑度量值存貯器的存儲結構進行優化,防止數據讀寫的阻塞,縮短存儲器讀寫時間,使譯碼器的處理速度更快。(3)為了防止路徑度量值和幸存路徑長度的溢出,提出了保護處理策略。我們還將設計結果在APEXEP20K30E芯片上進行了硬件實現。該譯碼器芯片具有可變的碼率和幀長處理能力,可以運行于40MHZ系統時鐘下,內部最高譯碼速度可達625kbps。本文所提出的維特比譯碼器硬件結構具有很強的通用性和高速性,可以方便地應用于CDMA2000移動通信系統。
上傳時間: 2013-06-24
上傳用戶:lingduhanya
While simplicity and high effi ciency (for cool running) areno longer optional featurES in isolated power suppliES, itis traditionally diffi cult to achieve both. Achieving higheffi ciency often requirES the use of advanced topologiESand home-brewed secondary synchronous rectifi cationschemES once rEServed only for higher power applications.This only adds to the parts count and to the dESigncomplexity associated with the reference and optocouplercircuits typically used to maintain isolation. Fortunately, abreakthrough IC makES it possible to achieve both high efficiency and simplicity in a synchronous fl yback topology.The LT®3825 simplifi ES and improvES the performance oflow voltage, high current fl yback suppliES by providingprecise synchronous rectifi er timing and eliminating theneed for optocoupler feedback while maintaining excellentregulation and superior loop rESponse.
上傳時間: 2013-10-16
上傳用戶:wayne595
Once relegated to the hinterlands of low cost indicatorlights, the LED is again in the spotlight of the lightingworld. LED lighting is now ubiquitous, from car headlightsto USB-powered lava lamps. Car headlights exemplifyapplications that capitalize on the LED’s clear advantagES—unwavering high quality light output, tough-assteelrobustnESs, inherent high effi ciency—while a USBlava lamp exemplifi ES applications where only LEDs work.DESpite thESe clear advantagES, their requirement forregulated voltage and current make LED driver circuitsmore complex than the venerable light bulb, but some newdevicES are closing the gap. For instance, the LTM®8040μModule™ LED driver integratES all the driver circuitryinto a single package, allowing dESigners to refocus theirtime and effort on the details of lighting dESign criticalto a product’s succESs.
上傳時間: 2013-10-16
上傳用戶:togetsomething
The LTM8020, LTM8021, LTM8022 and LTM8023 μModule®regulators are complete easy-to-use encapsulated stepdownDC/DC regulators intended to take the pain and aggravationout of implementing a switching power supplyonto a system board. With a μModule regulator, you onlyneed an input cap, output cap and one or two rESistorsto complete the dESign. As one might imagine, this highlevel of integration greatly simplifi ES the task of printedcircuit board dESign, reducing the effort to four categoriES:component footprint generation, component placement,routing the nets, and thermal vias.
上傳時間: 2014-01-18
上傳用戶:laomv123
這堂課將使用OpenGL® ES、OpenCL™及OpenVG™來討論i.MX 6系列的基本GPU編程知識,還將探索與i.MX 6系列一起使用的GPU PC開發工具。
上傳時間: 2014-12-30
上傳用戶:wmwai1314
WebMail is a server application that allows ISPs to provide a WWW interface for each user to his mailbox(ES)
標簽: application interface WebMail provide
上傳時間: 2015-01-12
上傳用戶:yph853211
* This function positions the cursor at the specified * x,y coordinate. It usES the ANSI standard ESCAPE * * sequence to produce the dESired effect. Its not the * * fastESt way to position the cursor, but perhaps the * * most portable. *
標簽: the coordinate positions specified
上傳時間: 2015-02-24
上傳用戶:chenjjer
通過CAN總線,按內燃液傳擺式動車組網絡CAN總線通信協議與ECM通信 2. 通過RS485總線,按EKE機箱CPU的RS485協議議與EKE機箱CPU通信 3. 通過RS422總線,按ESW公司傾擺裝置RS422協議與傾擺控制裝置通信
上傳時間: 2014-01-15
上傳用戶:wendy15
marte為用ada語言開發的嵌入式操作系統 ada語言是美國國防部指定的軍用語言,用它開發操作系統有獨到之處。marte的功能較全面,是一個功能完備的操作系統。具體內容可以登錄其主頁 http://marte.unican.ES/contents.html
上傳時間: 2013-12-31
上傳用戶:zhoujunzhen
從表面上看,保護模式和實模式并沒有太大的區別,二者都使用了內存段、中斷和設備驅動來處理硬件,但二者有很多不同之處。我們知道,在實模式中內存被劃分成段,每個段的大小為64KB,而這樣的段地址可以用16位來表示。內存段的處理是通過和段寄存器相關聯的內部機制來處理的,這些段寄存器(CS、DS、 SS和ES)的內容形成了物理地址的一部分。具體來說,最終的物理地址是由16位的段地址和16位的段內偏移地址組成的。用公式表示為:物理地址=左移4位的段地址+偏移地址。
標簽: 表面
上傳時間: 2015-11-16
上傳用戶:manking0408