本文將接續介紹電源與功率電路基板,以及數字電路基板導線設計。寬帶與高頻電路基板導線設計a.輸入阻抗1MHz,平滑性(flatness)50MHz 的OP增幅器電路基板圖26 是由FET 輸入的高速OP 增幅器OPA656 構成的高輸入阻抗OP 增幅電路,它的gain取決于R1、R2,本電路圖的電路定數為2 倍。此外為改善平滑性特別追加設置可以加大噪訊gain,抑制gain-頻率特性高頻領域時峰值的R3。圖26 高輸入阻抗的寬帶OP增幅電路圖27 是高輸入阻抗OP 增幅器的電路基板圖案。降低高速OP 增幅器反相輸入端子與接地之間的浮游容量非常重要,所以本電路的浮游容量設計目標低于0.5pF。如果上述部位附著大浮游容量的話,會成為高頻領域的頻率特性產生峰值的原因,嚴重時頻率甚至會因為feedback 阻抗與浮游容量,造成feedback 信號的位相延遲,最后導致頻率特性產生波動現象。此外高輸入阻抗OP 增幅器輸入部位的浮游容量也逐漸成為問題,圖27 的電路基板圖案的非反相輸入端子部位無full ground設計,如果有外部噪訊干擾之虞時,接地可設計成網格狀(mesh)。圖28 是根據圖26 制成的OP 增幅器Gain-頻率特性測試結果,由圖可知即使接近50MHz頻率特性非常平滑,-3dB cutoff頻率大約是133MHz。
標簽: PCB
上傳時間: 2013-11-09
上傳用戶:z754970244
磁芯電感器的諧波失真分析 摘 要:簡述了改進鐵氧體軟磁材料比損耗系數和磁滯常數ηB,從而降低總諧波失真THD的歷史過程,分析了諸多因數對諧波測量的影響,提出了磁心性能的調控方向。 關鍵詞:比損耗系數, 磁滯常數ηB ,直流偏置特性DC-Bias,總諧波失真THD Analysis on THD of the fer rite co res u se d i n i nductancShi Yan Nanjing Finemag Technology Co. Ltd., Nanjing 210033 Abstract: Histrory of decreasing THD by improving the ratio loss coefficient and hysteresis constant of soft magnetic ferrite is briefly narrated. The effect of many factors which affect the harmonic wave testing is analysed. The way of improving the performance of ferrite cores is put forward. Key words: ratio loss coefficient,hysteresis constant,DC-Bias,THD 近年來,變壓器生產廠家和軟磁鐵氧體生產廠家,在電感器和變壓器產品的總諧波失真指標控制上,進行了深入的探討和廣泛的合作,逐步弄清了一些似是而非的問題。從工藝技術上采取了不少有效措施,促進了質量問題的迅速解決。本文將就此熱門話題作一些粗淺探討。 一、 歷史回顧 總諧波失真(Total harmonic distortion) ,簡稱THD,并不是什么新的概念,早在幾十年前的載波通信技術中就已有嚴格要求<1>。1978年郵電部公布的標準YD/Z17-78“載波用鐵氧體罐形磁心”中,規定了高μQ材料制作的無中心柱配對罐形磁心詳細的測試電路和方法。如圖一電路所示,利用LC組成的150KHz低通濾波器在高電平輸入的情況下測量磁心產生的非線性失真。這種相對比較的實用方法,專用于無中心柱配對罐形磁心的諧波衰耗測試。 這種磁心主要用于載波電報、電話設備的遙測振蕩器和線路放大器系統,其非線性失真有很嚴格的要求。 圖中 ZD —— QF867 型阻容式載頻振蕩器,輸出阻抗 150Ω, Ld47 —— 47KHz 低通濾波器,阻抗 150Ω,阻帶衰耗大于61dB, Lg88 ——并聯高低通濾波器,阻抗 150Ω,三次諧波衰耗大于61dB Ld88 ——并聯高低通濾波器,阻抗 150Ω,三次諧波衰耗大于61dB FD —— 30~50KHz 放大器, 阻抗 150Ω, 增益不小于 43 dB,三次諧波衰耗b3(0)≥91 dB, DP —— Qp373 選頻電平表,輸入高阻抗, L ——被測無心罐形磁心及線圈, C ——聚苯乙烯薄膜電容器CMO-100V-707APF±0.5%,二只。 測量時,所配用線圈應用絲包銅電磁線SQJ9×0.12(JB661-75)在直徑為16.1mm的線架上繞制 120 匝, (線架為一格) , 其空心電感值為 318μH(誤差1%) 被測磁心配對安裝好后,先調節振蕩器頻率為 36.6~40KHz, 使輸出電平值為+17.4 dB, 即選頻表在 22′端子測得的主波電平 (P2)為+17.4 dB,然后在33′端子處測得輸出的三次諧波電平(P3), 則三次諧波衰耗值為:b3(+2)= P2+S+ P3 式中:S 為放大器增益dB 從以往的資料引證, 就可以發現諧波失真的測量是一項很精細的工作,其中測量系統的高、低通濾波器,信號源和放大器本身的三次諧波衰耗控制很嚴,阻抗必須匹配,薄膜電容器的非線性也有相應要求。濾波器的電感全由不帶任何磁介質的大空心線圈繞成,以保證本身的“潔凈” ,不至于造成對磁心分選的誤判。 為了滿足多路通信整機的小型化和穩定性要求, 必須生產低損耗高穩定磁心。上世紀 70 年代初,1409 所和四機部、郵電部各廠,從工藝上改變了推板空氣窯燒結,出窯后經真空罐冷卻的落后方式,改用真空爐,并控制燒結、冷卻氣氛。技術上采用共沉淀法攻關試制出了μQ乘積 60 萬和 100 萬的低損耗高穩定材料,在此基礎上,還實現了高μ7000~10000材料的突破,從而大大縮短了與國外企業的技術差異。當時正處于通信技術由FDM(頻率劃分調制)向PCM(脈沖編碼調制) 轉換時期, 日本人明石雅夫發表了μQ乘積125 萬為 0.8×10 ,100KHz)的超優鐵氧體材料<3>,其磁滯系數降為優鐵
上傳時間: 2013-12-15
上傳用戶:天空說我在
PCB LAYOUT 基本規範項次 項目 備註1 一般PCB 過板方向定義: PCB 在SMT 生產方向為短邊過迴焊爐(Reflow), PCB 長邊為SMT 輸送帶夾持邊. PCB 在DIP 生產方向為I/O Port 朝前過波焊爐(Wave Solder), PCB 與I/O 垂直的兩邊為DIP 輸送帶夾持邊.1.1 金手指過板方向定義: SMT: 金手指邊與SMT 輸送帶夾持邊垂直. DIP: 金手指邊與DIP 輸送帶夾持邊一致.2 SMD 零件文字框外緣距SMT 輸送帶夾持邊L1 需≧150 mil. SMD 及DIP 零件文字框外緣距板邊L2 需≧100 mil.3 PCB I/O port 板邊的螺絲孔(精靈孔)PAD 至PCB 板邊, 不得有SMD 或DIP 零件(如右圖黃色區).PAD
上傳時間: 2013-11-06
上傳用戶:yyq123456789
在Multisim 10軟件環境下,設計一種由運算放大器構成的精確可控矩形波信號發生器,結合系統電路原理圖重點闡述了各參數指標的實現與測試方法。通過改變RC電路的電容充、放電路徑和時間常數實現了占空比和頻率的調節,通過多路開關投入不同數值的電容實現了頻段的調節,通過電壓取樣和同相放大電路實現了輸出電壓幅值的調節并提高了電路的帶負載能力,可作為頻率和幅值可調的方波信號發生器。Multisim 10仿真分析及應用電路測試結果表明,電路性能指標達到了設計要求。 Abstract: Based on Multisim 10, this paper designed a kind of rectangular-wave signal generator which could be controlled exactly composed of operational amplifier, the key point was how to implement and test the parameter indicators based on the circuit diagram. The duty and the frequency were adjusted by changing the time constant and the way of charging and discharging of the capacitor, the width of frequency was adjusted by using different capacitors provided with multiple switch, the amplitude of output voltage was adjusted by sampling voltage and using in-phase amplifier circuit,the ability of driving loads was raised, the circuit can be used as squarewave signal generator whose frequency and amplitude can be adjusted. The final simulation results of Multisim 10 and the tests of applicable circuit show that the performance indicators of the circuit meets the design requirements.
上傳時間: 2014-01-21
上傳用戶:shen007yue
SL811開發資料_包含源程序_電路圖_芯片資料:SL811HS Embedded USB Host/Slave Controller.The SL811HS is an Embedded USB Host/Slave Controller capable of communicate with either full-speed or low-speed USB peripherals. The SL811HS can interface to devices such as microprocessors, microcontrollers, DSPs, or directly to a variety of buses such as ISA, PCMCIA, and others. The SL811HS USB Host Controller conforms to USB Specification 1.1.The SL811HS USB Host/Slave Controller incorporates USB Serial Interface functionality along with internal full-/low-speed transceivers.The SL811HS supports and operates in USB full-speed mode at 12 Mbps, or at low-speed 1.5-Mbps mode.The SL811HS data port and microprocessor interface provide an 8-bit data path I/O or DMA bidirectional, with interrupt support to allow easy interface to standard microprocessors or microcontrollers such as Motorola or Intel CPUs and many others. Internally,the SL811HS contains a 256-byte RAM data buffer which is used for control registers and data buffer.The available package types offered are a 28-pin PLCC (SL811HS) and a 48-pin TQFP package (SL811HST-AC). Both packages operate at 3.3 VDC. The I/O interface logic is 5V-tolerant.
上傳時間: 2013-12-22
上傳用戶:a82531317
PhpDig is a search engine written in PHP that uses a MySQL database backend. It features indexing of both static and dynamic pages, spidering of almost all links in HTML content, in hrefs, areamaps, and frames, and full text indexing. The search results appearence is skin-able, using a very simple templates system. PhpDig是一個用PHP編寫的搜索引擎,它使用MySQL數據庫后臺。它的功能有靜態和動態頁面索引,在HTML內容中用hrefs, areamaps,和frames以及全文本索引構成所有的鏈接網。搜索結果的外觀是可定制外觀的,使用一個非常簡單的模板系統。
標簽: database features indexing backend
上傳時間: 2014-01-03
上傳用戶:haohaoxuexi
Java Clock is a FREE Java applet used to display a clock on your Web pages. You can display either analog or digital clock. The full source code of this applet is also available (visit my home page to download it). You may use this applet on your Web pages WITHOUT paying me fee or royalty as long as credit is given (a link to my home page is enough).
標簽: display Java applet either
上傳時間: 2014-01-12
上傳用戶:woshiayin
SPI接口AD轉換器代碼 本代碼實現了對串行(SPI)接口的軟件模擬 這是在一個項目中要用到SPI接口的器件,調試成功,可以在WAVE下編譯通過,可以直接調用 SPI接口AD轉換器代碼 2002/3/9 design by elven
上傳時間: 2014-12-07
上傳用戶:xwd2010
TOYFDTD1 is a stripped-down minimalist, 3D FDTD code demonstrating the basic tasks in implementing a simple 3D FDTD simulation. An idealized rectangular waveguide is modeled by treating the interior of the mesh as free space and enforcing PEC conditions on the faces of the mesh. A simplified plane wave source is inserted at one end. First released 12 April 1999. Version 1.03 released 2 December 1999.
標簽: demonstrating stripped-down implementing minimalist
上傳時間: 2013-12-21
上傳用戶:無聊來刷下
The Small C compiler translates a subset of the C language into assembly language. It runs under PC/MS-DOS 2.1 and later. Small C is compatible with the Microsoft and Small Mac assemblers. Small C takes full advantage of the ability of these assemblers to generate relocatable object code, to maintain libraries of relocatable modules, and to link separately compiled program modules. It supports a small memory model with one code and one data/stack segment.
標簽: language translates compiler assembly
上傳時間: 2015-04-08
上傳用戶:Avoid98