Introduction to Xilinx Packaging Electronic packages are interconnectable housings for semiconductor devices. The major functions of the electronic packages are to provide electrical interconnections between the IC and the board and to efficiently remove heat generated by the device. Feature sizes are constantly shrinking, resulting in increased number of transistors being packed into the device. Today's submicron technology is also enabling LARGE-scale functional integration and system-on-a-chip solutions. In order to keep pace with these new advancements in silicon technologies, semiconductor packages have also evolved to provide improved device functionality and performance. Feature size at the device level is driving package feature sizes down to the design rules of the early transistors. To meet these demands, electronic packages must be flexible to address high pin counts, reduced pitch and form factor requirements. At the same time,packages must be reliable and cost effective.
The Virtex-4 features, such as the programmable IDELAY and built-in FIFO support, simplifythe bridging of a high-speed, PCI-X core to LARGE amounts of DDR-SDRAM memory. Onechallenge is meeting the PCI-X target initial latency specification. PCI-X Protocol Addendum tothe PCI Local Bus Specification Revision 2.0a ([Ref 6]) dictates that when a target signals adata transfer, "the target must do so within 16 clocks of the assertion of FRAME#." PCItermination transactions, such as Split Response/Complete, are commonly used to meet thelatency specifications. This method adds complexity to the design, as well as additional systemlatency. Another solution is to increase the ratio of the memory frequency to the PCI-X busfrequency. However, this solution increases the required power and clock resource usage.
Abstract: How can an interface change a happy face to a sad face? Engineers have happy faces when an interface works properly.Sad faces indicate failure somewhere. Because interfaces between microprocessors and ICs are simple—even easy—they are oftenignored until interface failure causes sad faces all around. In this article, we discuss a common SPI error that can be almostimpossible to find in a LARGE system. Links to interface tutorial information are provided for complete information. Noise as a systemissue and ICs to minimize its effects are also described.
SnackAmp is a powerful multi-platform audio music (mp3, ogg ,wav, streams ...) player and organizer for LARGE music collections. Manage your entire collection, including ID3 tagging and auto-playlisting. Integrated web server for remote control/streaming
The Art of Assembly Language Amazing! You’re actually reading this. That puts you into one of three categories: a student who is
being forced to read this stuff for a class, someone who picked up this book by accident (probably
because you have yet to be indoctrinated by the world at LARGE), or one of the few who actually have an
interest in learning assembly language.
In most software-development organizations, the testing program functions as the
final "quality gate" for an application, allowing or preventing the move from the
comfort of the software-engineering environment into the real world. With this role
comes a LARGE responsibility: The success of an application, and possibly of theorganization, can rest on the quality of the software product.
In this book, we aim to give you an introduction to a wide variety of topics important to you as a developer using UNIX. The word Beginning in the title refers more to the content than to your skill level. We ve structured the book to help you learn more about what UNIX has to offer, however much experience you have already. UNIX programming is a LARGE field and we aim to cover enough about a wide range of topics to give you a good beginning in each subject.
* Function:
* 1. Replace the first oldstr with newstr in srcstr
* Arguments:
* IN :
* srcstr
* oldstr
* newstr
* OUT :
* srcstr
* Return:
* 1. If find and replace one oldstr with newstr in srcstr , return 1
* 2. If find no oldstr in srcstr , return 0
* 3. If error (malloc return NULL) return -1
* Notes:
* 1. srcstr should be LARGE size enough.
