This document was developed under the Standard Hardware and Reliability Program (SHARP) TechnologyIndependent Representation of Electronic Products (TIREP) project. It is intended for use by VHSIC HardwareDescription Language (VHDL) design engineers and is offered as guidance for the development of VHDL modelswhich are compliant with the VHDL Data Item Description (DID DI-EGDS-80811) and which can be providedto manufacturing engineering personnel for the development of production data and the subsequent productionof hardware. Most VHDL modeling performed to date has been concentrated at either the component LEVEL orat the conceptual system LEVEL. The assembly and sub-assembly LEVELs have been largely disregarded. Under theSHARP TIREP project, an attempt has been made to help close this gap. The TIREP models are based upon lowcomplexity Standard Electronic Modules (SEM) of the format A configuration. Although these modules are quitesimple, it is felt that the lessons learned offer guidance which can readily be applied to a wide range of assemblytypes and complexities.
Methods for designing a maintenance simulation training system for certain kind of radio are introduced. Fault modeling method is used to establish the fault database. The system sets up some typical failures， follow the prompts trainers can locate the fault source and confirm the type to accomplish corresponding fault maintenance training. A training evaluation means is given to examining and evaluating the training performance. The system intuitively and vividly shows the fault maintenance process， it can not only be used in teaching， but also in daily maintenance training to efficiently improve the maintenance operation LEVEL. Graphical programming language LabVIEW is used to develop the system platform.
為了滿足現(xiàn)代高速通信中頻率快速轉(zhuǎn)換的需求，基于坐標旋轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)字計算（CORDIC，Coordinate Rotation Digital Computer）算法完成正交直接數(shù)字頻率合成（ODDFS，Orthogonal Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizer）電路設(shè)計方案。采用MATLAB和Xilinx System Generator開發(fā)工具搭建電路的系統(tǒng)模型，通過現(xiàn)場可編程門陣列（FPGA，F(xiàn)ield Programmable Gate Array）完成電路的寄存器傳輸級（RTL，Register Transfer LEVEL）驗證，仿真結(jié)果表明電路設(shè)計具有很高的有效性和可行性。
This paper presents a space vector modulation(SVM)-based switching strategy for a three-LEVEL neutral point clamped (NPC) converter that is adapted as a STATCOM.
This publication represents the largest LTC commitmentto an application note to date. No other application noteabsorbed as much effort, took so long or cost so much.This LEVEL of activity is justified by our belief that high speedmonolithic amplifiers greatly interest users.
Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design
I enjoyed reading this book for a number of reasons. One reason is that itaddresses high-speed analog design in the context of microwave issues. This isan advanced-LEVEL book, which should follow courses in basic circuits andtransmission lines. Most analog integrated circuit designers in the past workedon applications at low enough frequency that microwave issues did not arise.As a consequence, they were adept at lumped parameter circuits and often notcomfortable with circuits where waves travel in space. However, in order todesign radio frequency (RF) communications integrated circuits (IC) in thegigahertz range, one must deal with transmission lines at chip interfaces andwhere interconnections on chip are far apart. Also, impedance matching isaddressed, which is a topic that arises most often in microwave circuits. In mycareer, there has been a gap in comprehension between analog low-frequencydesigners and microwave designers. Often, similar issues were dealt with in twodifferent languages. Although this book is more firmly based in lumped-elementanalog circuit design, it is nice to see that microwave knowledge is brought inwhere necessary.Too many analog circuit books in the past have concentrated first on thecircuit side rather than on basic theory behind their application in communications.The circuits usually used have evolved through experience, without asatisfying intellectual theme in describing them. Why a given circuit works bestcan be subtle, and often these circuits are chosen only through experience. Forthis reason, I am happy that the book begins first with topics that require anintellectual approach—noise, linearity and filtering, and technology issues. Iam particularly happy with how linearity is introduced (power series). In therest of the book it is then shown, with specific circuits and numerical examples,how linearity and noise issues arise.
Abstract: Using a wafer-LEVEL package (WLP) can reduce the overall size and cost of your solution.However when using a WLP IC, the printed circuit board (PCB) layout can become more complex and, ifnot carefully planned, result in an unreliable design. This article presents some PCB designconsiderations and general recommendations for choosing a 0.4mm- or 0.5mm-pitch WLP for yourapplication.
Abstract: Some power architectures require the power supply sequencer (or system manager) to controldownstream power MOSFETs to allow power to flow into branch circuits. This application note explains howsystem power sequencing and LEVEL shifting can be accomplished using a low-voltage system manager
